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~~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
~~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
~~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
~~
~~ http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
~~
~~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
~~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
~~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
~~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
~~ limitations under the License. See accompanying LICENSE file.
---
Superusers Acting On Behalf Of Other Users
---
---
${maven.build.timestamp}
Superusers Acting On Behalf Of Other Users
%{toc|section=1|fromDepth=0}
* Introduction
This document describes how a superuser can submit jobs or access hdfs
on behalf of another user in a secured way.
* Use Case
The code example described in the next section is applicable for the
following use case.
A superuser with username 'super' wants to submit job and access hdfs
on behalf of a user joe. The superuser has kerberos credentials but
user joe doesn't have any. The tasks are required to run as user joe
and any file accesses on namenode are required to be done as user joe.
It is required that user joe can connect to the namenode or job tracker
on a connection authenticated with super's kerberos credentials. In
other words super is impersonating the user joe.
* Code example
In this example super's kerberos credentials are used for login and a
proxy user ugi object is created for joe. The operations are performed
within the doAs method of this proxy user ugi object.
----
...
//Create ugi for joe. The login user is 'super'.
UserGroupInformation ugi =
UserGroupInformation.createProxyUser("joe", UserGroupInformation.getLoginUser());
ugi.doAs(new PrivilegedExceptionAction<Void>() {
public Void run() throws Exception {
//Submit a job
JobClient jc = new JobClient(conf);
jc.submitJob(conf);
//OR access hdfs
FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(conf);
fs.mkdir(someFilePath);
}
}
----
* Configurations
The superuser must be configured on namenode and jobtracker to be
allowed to impersonate another user. Following configurations are
required.
----
<property>
<name>hadoop.proxyuser.super.groups</name>
<value>group1,group2</value>
<description>Allow the superuser super to impersonate any members of the group group1 and group2</description>
</property>
<property>
<name>hadoop.proxyuser.super.hosts</name>
<value>host1,host2</value>
<description>The superuser can connect only from host1 and host2 to impersonate a user</description>
</property>
----
If these configurations are not present, impersonation will not be
allowed and connection will fail.
If more lax security is preferred, the wildcard value * may be used to
allow impersonation from any host or of any user.
* Caveats
The superuser must have kerberos credentials to be able to impersonate
another user. It cannot use delegation tokens for this feature. It
would be wrong if superuser adds its own delegation token to the proxy
user ugi, as it will allow the proxy user to connect to the service
with the privileges of the superuser.
However, if the superuser does want to give a delegation token to joe,
it must first impersonate joe and get a delegation token for joe, in
the same way as the code example above, and add it to the ugi of joe.
In this way the delegation token will have the owner as joe.
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