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<!-- Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); --><!-- you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. --><!-- You may obtain a copy of the License at --><!-- --><!-- http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 --><!-- --><!-- Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software --><!-- distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, --><!-- WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. --><!-- See the License for the specific language governing permissions and --><!-- limitations under the License. See accompanying LICENSE file. --><div class="section">
<h2>Native Libraries Guide<a name="Native_Libraries_Guide"></a></h2>
<ul>
<li><a href="#Native_Libraries_Guide">Native Libraries Guide</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#Overview">Overview</a></li>
<li><a href="#Native_Hadoop_Library">Native Hadoop Library</a></li>
<li><a href="#Usage">Usage</a></li>
<li><a href="#Components">Components</a></li>
<li><a href="#Supported_Platforms">Supported Platforms</a></li>
<li><a href="#Download">Download</a></li>
<li><a href="#Build">Build</a></li>
<li><a href="#Runtime">Runtime</a></li>
<li><a href="#Native_Shared_Libraries">Native Shared Libraries</a></li></ul></li></ul>
<div class="section">
<h3>Overview<a name="Overview"></a></h3>
<p>This guide describes the native hadoop library and includes a small discussion about native shared libraries.</p>
<p>Note: Depending on your environment, the term &quot;native libraries&quot; could refer to all *.so's you need to compile; and, the term &quot;native compression&quot; could refer to all *.so's you need to compile that are specifically related to compression. Currently, however, this document only addresses the native hadoop library (<tt>libhadoop.so</tt>).</p></div>
<div class="section">
<h3>Native Hadoop Library<a name="Native_Hadoop_Library"></a></h3>
<p>Hadoop has native implementations of certain components for performance reasons and for non-availability of Java implementations. These components are available in a single, dynamically-linked native library called the native hadoop library. On the *nix platforms the library is named <tt>libhadoop.so</tt>.</p></div>
<div class="section">
<h3>Usage<a name="Usage"></a></h3>
<p>It is fairly easy to use the native hadoop library:</p>
<ol style="list-style-type: decimal">
<li>Review the components.</li>
<li>Review the supported platforms.</li>
<li>Either download a hadoop release, which will include a pre-built version of the native hadoop library, or build your own version of the native hadoop library. Whether you download or build, the name for the library is the same: libhadoop.so</li>
<li>Install the compression codec development packages (&gt;zlib-1.2, &gt;gzip-1.2): + If you download the library, install one or more development packages - whichever compression codecs you want to use with your deployment. + If you build the library, it is mandatory to install both development packages.</li>
<li>Check the runtime log files.</li></ol></div>
<div class="section">
<h3>Components<a name="Components"></a></h3>
<p>The native hadoop library includes two components, the zlib and gzip compression codecs:</p>
<ul>
<li>zlib</li>
<li>gzip</li></ul>
<p>The native hadoop library is imperative for gzip to work.</p></div>
<div class="section">
<h3>Supported Platforms<a name="Supported_Platforms"></a></h3>
<p>The native hadoop library is supported on *nix platforms only. The library does not to work with Cygwin or the Mac OS X platform.</p>
<p>The native hadoop library is mainly used on the GNU/Linus platform and has been tested on these distributions:</p>
<ul>
<li>RHEL4/Fedora</li>
<li>Ubuntu</li>
<li>Gentoo</li></ul>
<p>On all the above distributions a 32/64 bit native hadoop library will work with a respective 32/64 bit jvm.</p></div>
<div class="section">
<h3>Download<a name="Download"></a></h3>
<p>The pre-built 32-bit i386-Linux native hadoop library is available as part of the hadoop distribution and is located in the <tt>lib/native</tt> directory. You can download the hadoop distribution from Hadoop Common Releases.</p>
<p>Be sure to install the zlib and/or gzip development packages - whichever compression codecs you want to use with your deployment.</p></div>
<div class="section">
<h3>Build<a name="Build"></a></h3>
<p>The native hadoop library is written in ANSI C and is built using the GNU autotools-chain (autoconf, autoheader, automake, autoscan, libtool). This means it should be straight-forward to build the library on any platform with a standards-compliant C compiler and the GNU autotools-chain (see the supported platforms).</p>
<p>The packages you need to install on the target platform are:</p>
<ul>
<li>C compiler (e.g. GNU C Compiler)</li>
<li>GNU Autools Chain: autoconf, automake, libtool</li>
<li>zlib-development package (stable version &gt;= 1.2.0)</li></ul>
<p>Once you installed the prerequisite packages use the standard hadoop pom.xml file and pass along the native flag to build the native hadoop library:</p>
<div>
<pre> $ mvn package -Pdist,native -Dskiptests -Dtar</pre></div>
<p>You should see the newly-built library in:</p>
<div>
<pre> $ hadoop-dist/target/hadoop-2.3.0/lib/native</pre></div>
<p>Please note the following:</p>
<ul>
<li>It is mandatory to install both the zlib and gzip development packages on the target platform in order to build the native hadoop library; however, for deployment it is sufficient to install just one package if you wish to use only one codec.</li>
<li>It is necessary to have the correct 32/64 libraries for zlib, depending on the 32/64 bit jvm for the target platform, in order to build and deploy the native hadoop library.</li></ul></div>
<div class="section">
<h3>Runtime<a name="Runtime"></a></h3>
<p>The bin/hadoop script ensures that the native hadoop library is on the library path via the system property: <tt>-Djava.library.path=&lt;path&gt; </tt></p>
<p>During runtime, check the hadoop log files for your MapReduce tasks.</p>
<ul>
<li>If everything is all right, then: <tt>DEBUG util.NativeCodeLoader - Trying to load the custom-built native-hadoop library...</tt> <tt>INFO util.NativeCodeLoader - Loaded the native-hadoop library</tt></li>
<li>If something goes wrong, then: <tt>INFO util.NativeCodeLoader - Unable to load native-hadoop library for your platform... using builtin-java classes where applicable</tt></li></ul></div>
<div class="section">
<h3>Native Shared Libraries<a name="Native_Shared_Libraries"></a></h3>
<p>You can load any native shared library using DistributedCache for distributing and symlinking the library files.</p>
<p>This example shows you how to distribute a shared library, mylib.so, and load it from a MapReduce task.</p>
<ol style="list-style-type: decimal">
<li>First copy the library to the HDFS: <tt>bin/hadoop fs -copyFromLocal mylib.so.1 /libraries/mylib.so.1</tt></li>
<li>The job launching program should contain the following: <tt>DistributedCache.createSymlink(conf);</tt> <tt>DistributedCache.addCacheFile(&quot;hdfs://host:port/libraries/mylib.so. 1#mylib.so&quot;, conf);</tt></li>
<li>The MapReduce task can contain: <tt>System.loadLibrary(&quot;mylib.so&quot;);</tt></li></ol>
<p>Note: If you downloaded or built the native hadoop library, you don&#x2019;t need to use DistibutedCache to make the library available to your MapReduce tasks.</p></div></div>
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