gtest-death-test_test.cc
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Created: Tue, Nov 19, 05:14

gtest-death-test_test.cc
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	// Copyright 2005, Google Inc.
	// All rights reserved.
	//
	// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
	// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
	// met:
	//
	// * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
	// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
	// * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
	// copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
	// in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
	// distribution.
	// * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
	// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
	// this software without specific prior written permission.
	//
	// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
	// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
	// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
	// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
	// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
	// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
	// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
	// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
	// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
	// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
	// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
	//
	// Author: wan@google.com (Zhanyong Wan)
	//
	// Tests for death tests.

	#include <gtest/gtest-death-test.h>
	#include <gtest/gtest.h>
	#include <gtest/internal/gtest-filepath.h>

	using testing::internal::AlwaysFalse;
	using testing::internal::AlwaysTrue;

	#if GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST

	#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
	#include <direct.h> // For chdir().
	#else
	#include <unistd.h>
	#include <sys/wait.h> // For waitpid.
	#include <limits> // For std::numeric_limits.
	#endif // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS

	#include <limits.h>
	#include <signal.h>
	#include <stdio.h>

	#include <gtest/gtest-spi.h>

	// Indicates that this translation unit is part of Google Test's
	// implementation. It must come before gtest-internal-inl.h is
	// included, or there will be a compiler error. This trick is to
	// prevent a user from accidentally including gtest-internal-inl.h in
	// his code.
	#define GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_ 1
	#include "src/gtest-internal-inl.h"
	#undef GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_

	namespace posix = ::testing::internal::posix;

	using testing::Message;
	using testing::internal::DeathTest;
	using testing::internal::DeathTestFactory;
	using testing::internal::FilePath;
	using testing::internal::GetLastErrnoDescription;
	using testing::internal::GetUnitTestImpl;
	using testing::internal::ParseNaturalNumber;
	using testing::internal::String;

	namespace testing {
	namespace internal {

	// A helper class whose objects replace the death test factory for a
	// single UnitTest object during their lifetimes.
	class ReplaceDeathTestFactory {
	public:
	explicit ReplaceDeathTestFactory(DeathTestFactory* new_factory)
	: unit_test_impl_(GetUnitTestImpl()) {
	old_factory_ = unit_test_impl_->death_test_factory_.release();
	unit_test_impl_->death_test_factory_.reset(new_factory);
	}

	~ReplaceDeathTestFactory() {
	unit_test_impl_->death_test_factory_.release();
	unit_test_impl_->death_test_factory_.reset(old_factory_);
	}
	private:
	// Prevents copying ReplaceDeathTestFactory objects.
	ReplaceDeathTestFactory(const ReplaceDeathTestFactory&);
	void operator=(const ReplaceDeathTestFactory&);

	UnitTestImpl* unit_test_impl_;
	DeathTestFactory* old_factory_;
	};

	} // namespace internal
	} // namespace testing

	void DieInside(const char* function) {
	fprintf(stderr, "death inside %s().", function);
	fflush(stderr);
	// We call _exit() instead of exit(), as the former is a direct
	// system call and thus safer in the presence of threads. exit()
	// will invoke user-defined exit-hooks, which may do dangerous
	// things that conflict with death tests.
	//
	// Some compilers can recognize that _exit() never returns and issue the
	// 'unreachable code' warning for code following this function, unless
	// fooled by a fake condition.
	if (AlwaysTrue())
	_exit(1);
	}

	// Tests that death tests work.

	class TestForDeathTest : public testing::Test {
	protected:
	TestForDeathTest() : original_dir_(FilePath::GetCurrentDir()) {}

	virtual ~TestForDeathTest() {
	posix::ChDir(original_dir_.c_str());
	}

	// A static member function that's expected to die.
	static void StaticMemberFunction() { DieInside("StaticMemberFunction"); }

	// A method of the test fixture that may die.
	void MemberFunction() {
	if (should_die_)
	DieInside("MemberFunction");
	}

	// True iff MemberFunction() should die.
	bool should_die_;
	const FilePath original_dir_;
	};

	// A class with a member function that may die.
	class MayDie {
	public:
	explicit MayDie(bool should_die) : should_die_(should_die) {}

	// A member function that may die.
	void MemberFunction() const {
	if (should_die_)
	DieInside("MayDie::MemberFunction");
	}

	private:
	// True iff MemberFunction() should die.
	bool should_die_;
	};

	// A global function that's expected to die.
	void GlobalFunction() { DieInside("GlobalFunction"); }

	// A non-void function that's expected to die.
	int NonVoidFunction() {
	DieInside("NonVoidFunction");
	return 1;
	}

	// A unary function that may die.
	void DieIf(bool should_die) {
	if (should_die)
	DieInside("DieIf");
	}

	// A binary function that may die.
	bool DieIfLessThan(int x, int y) {
	if (x < y) {
	DieInside("DieIfLessThan");
	}
	return true;
	}

	// Tests that ASSERT_DEATH can be used outside a TEST, TEST_F, or test fixture.
	void DeathTestSubroutine() {
	EXPECT_DEATH(GlobalFunction(), "death.*GlobalFunction");
	ASSERT_DEATH(GlobalFunction(), "death.*GlobalFunction");
	}

	// Death in dbg, not opt.
	int DieInDebugElse12(int* sideeffect) {
	if (sideeffect) *sideeffect = 12;
	#ifndef NDEBUG
	DieInside("DieInDebugElse12");
	#endif // NDEBUG
	return 12;
	}

	#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS

	// Tests the ExitedWithCode predicate.
	TEST(ExitStatusPredicateTest, ExitedWithCode) {
	// On Windows, the process's exit code is the same as its exit status,
	// so the predicate just compares the its input with its parameter.
	EXPECT_TRUE(testing::ExitedWithCode(0)(0));
	EXPECT_TRUE(testing::ExitedWithCode(1)(1));
	EXPECT_TRUE(testing::ExitedWithCode(42)(42));
	EXPECT_FALSE(testing::ExitedWithCode(0)(1));
	EXPECT_FALSE(testing::ExitedWithCode(1)(0));
	}

	#else

	// Returns the exit status of a process that calls _exit(2) with a
	// given exit code. This is a helper function for the
	// ExitStatusPredicateTest test suite.
	static int NormalExitStatus(int exit_code) {
	pid_t child_pid = fork();
	if (child_pid == 0) {
	_exit(exit_code);
	}
	int status;
	waitpid(child_pid, &status, 0);
	return status;
	}

	// Returns the exit status of a process that raises a given signal.
	// If the signal does not cause the process to die, then it returns
	// instead the exit status of a process that exits normally with exit
	// code 1. This is a helper function for the ExitStatusPredicateTest
	// test suite.
	static int KilledExitStatus(int signum) {
	pid_t child_pid = fork();
	if (child_pid == 0) {
	raise(signum);
	_exit(1);
	}
	int status;
	waitpid(child_pid, &status, 0);
	return status;
	}

	// Tests the ExitedWithCode predicate.
	TEST(ExitStatusPredicateTest, ExitedWithCode) {
	const int status0 = NormalExitStatus(0);
	const int status1 = NormalExitStatus(1);
	const int status42 = NormalExitStatus(42);
	const testing::ExitedWithCode pred0(0);
	const testing::ExitedWithCode pred1(1);
	const testing::ExitedWithCode pred42(42);
	EXPECT_PRED1(pred0, status0);
	EXPECT_PRED1(pred1, status1);
	EXPECT_PRED1(pred42, status42);
	EXPECT_FALSE(pred0(status1));
	EXPECT_FALSE(pred42(status0));
	EXPECT_FALSE(pred1(status42));
	}

	// Tests the KilledBySignal predicate.
	TEST(ExitStatusPredicateTest, KilledBySignal) {
	const int status_segv = KilledExitStatus(SIGSEGV);
	const int status_kill = KilledExitStatus(SIGKILL);
	const testing::KilledBySignal pred_segv(SIGSEGV);
	const testing::KilledBySignal pred_kill(SIGKILL);
	EXPECT_PRED1(pred_segv, status_segv);
	EXPECT_PRED1(pred_kill, status_kill);
	EXPECT_FALSE(pred_segv(status_kill));
	EXPECT_FALSE(pred_kill(status_segv));
	}

	#endif // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS

	// Tests that the death test macros expand to code which may or may not
	// be followed by operator<<, and that in either case the complete text
	// comprises only a single C++ statement.
	TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, SingleStatement) {
	if (AlwaysFalse())
	// This would fail if executed; this is a compilation test only
	ASSERT_DEATH(return, "");

	if (AlwaysTrue())
	EXPECT_DEATH(_exit(1), "");
	else
	// This empty "else" branch is meant to ensure that EXPECT_DEATH
	// doesn't expand into an "if" statement without an "else"
	;

	if (AlwaysFalse())
	ASSERT_DEATH(return, "") << "did not die";

	if (AlwaysFalse())
	;
	else
	EXPECT_DEATH(_exit(1), "") << 1 << 2 << 3;
	}

	void DieWithEmbeddedNul() {
	fprintf(stderr, "Hello%cmy null world.\n", '\0');
	fflush(stderr);
	_exit(1);
	}

	#if GTEST_USES_PCRE
	// Tests that EXPECT_DEATH and ASSERT_DEATH work when the error
	// message has a NUL character in it.
	TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, EmbeddedNulInMessage) {
	// TODO(wan@google.com): <regex.h> doesn't support matching strings
	// with embedded NUL characters - find a way to workaround it.
	EXPECT_DEATH(DieWithEmbeddedNul(), "my null world");
	ASSERT_DEATH(DieWithEmbeddedNul(), "my null world");
	}
	#endif // GTEST_USES_PCRE

	// Tests that death test macros expand to code which interacts well with switch
	// statements.
	TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, SwitchStatement) {
	// Microsoft compiler usually complains about switch statements without
	// case labels. We suppress that warning for this test.
	#ifdef _MSC_VER
	#pragma warning(push)
	#pragma warning(disable: 4065)
	#endif // _MSC_VER

	switch (0)
	default:
	ASSERT_DEATH(_exit(1), "") << "exit in default switch handler";

	switch (0)
	case 0:
	EXPECT_DEATH(_exit(1), "") << "exit in switch case";

	#ifdef _MSC_VER
	#pragma warning(pop)
	#endif // _MSC_VER
	}

	// Tests that a static member function can be used in a "fast" style
	// death test.
	TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, StaticMemberFunctionFastStyle) {
	testing::GTEST_FLAG(death_test_style) = "fast";
	ASSERT_DEATH(StaticMemberFunction(), "death.*StaticMember");
	}

	// Tests that a method of the test fixture can be used in a "fast"
	// style death test.
	TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, MemberFunctionFastStyle) {
	testing::GTEST_FLAG(death_test_style) = "fast";
	should_die_ = true;
	EXPECT_DEATH(MemberFunction(), "inside.*MemberFunction");
	}

	void ChangeToRootDir() { posix::ChDir(GTEST_PATH_SEP_); }

	// Tests that death tests work even if the current directory has been
	// changed.
	TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, FastDeathTestInChangedDir) {
	testing::GTEST_FLAG(death_test_style) = "fast";

	ChangeToRootDir();
	EXPECT_EXIT(_exit(1), testing::ExitedWithCode(1), "");

	ChangeToRootDir();
	ASSERT_DEATH(_exit(1), "");
	}

	// Repeats a representative sample of death tests in the "threadsafe" style:

	TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, StaticMemberFunctionThreadsafeStyle) {
	testing::GTEST_FLAG(death_test_style) = "threadsafe";
	ASSERT_DEATH(StaticMemberFunction(), "death.*StaticMember");
	}

	TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, MemberFunctionThreadsafeStyle) {
	testing::GTEST_FLAG(death_test_style) = "threadsafe";
	should_die_ = true;
	EXPECT_DEATH(MemberFunction(), "inside.*MemberFunction");
	}

	TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, ThreadsafeDeathTestInLoop) {
	testing::GTEST_FLAG(death_test_style) = "threadsafe";

	for (int i = 0; i < 3; ++i)
	EXPECT_EXIT(_exit(i), testing::ExitedWithCode(i), "") << ": i = " << i;
	}

	TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, ThreadsafeDeathTestInChangedDir) {
	testing::GTEST_FLAG(death_test_style) = "threadsafe";

	ChangeToRootDir();
	EXPECT_EXIT(_exit(1), testing::ExitedWithCode(1), "");

	ChangeToRootDir();
	ASSERT_DEATH(_exit(1), "");
	}

	TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, MixedStyles) {
	testing::GTEST_FLAG(death_test_style) = "threadsafe";
	EXPECT_DEATH(_exit(1), "");
	testing::GTEST_FLAG(death_test_style) = "fast";
	EXPECT_DEATH(_exit(1), "");
	}

	namespace {

	bool pthread_flag;

	void SetPthreadFlag() {
	pthread_flag = true;
	}

	} // namespace

	#if GTEST_HAS_CLONE && GTEST_HAS_PTHREAD

	TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, DoesNotExecuteAtforkHooks) {
	if (!testing::GTEST_FLAG(death_test_use_fork)) {
	testing::GTEST_FLAG(death_test_style) = "threadsafe";
	pthread_flag = false;
	ASSERT_EQ(0, pthread_atfork(&SetPthreadFlag, NULL, NULL));
	ASSERT_DEATH(_exit(1), "");
	ASSERT_FALSE(pthread_flag);
	}
	}

	#endif // GTEST_HAS_CLONE && GTEST_HAS_PTHREAD

	// Tests that a method of another class can be used in a death test.
	TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, MethodOfAnotherClass) {
	const MayDie x(true);
	ASSERT_DEATH(x.MemberFunction(), "MayDie\\:\\:MemberFunction");
	}

	// Tests that a global function can be used in a death test.
	TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, GlobalFunction) {
	EXPECT_DEATH(GlobalFunction(), "GlobalFunction");
	}

	// Tests that any value convertible to an RE works as a second
	// argument to EXPECT_DEATH.
	TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, AcceptsAnythingConvertibleToRE) {
	static const char regex_c_str[] = "GlobalFunction";
	EXPECT_DEATH(GlobalFunction(), regex_c_str);

	const testing::internal::RE regex(regex_c_str);
	EXPECT_DEATH(GlobalFunction(), regex);

	#if GTEST_HAS_GLOBAL_STRING
	const string regex_str(regex_c_str);
	EXPECT_DEATH(GlobalFunction(), regex_str);
	#endif // GTEST_HAS_GLOBAL_STRING

	const ::std::string regex_std_str(regex_c_str);
	EXPECT_DEATH(GlobalFunction(), regex_std_str);
	}

	// Tests that a non-void function can be used in a death test.
	TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, NonVoidFunction) {
	ASSERT_DEATH(NonVoidFunction(), "NonVoidFunction");
	}

	// Tests that functions that take parameter(s) can be used in a death test.
	TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, FunctionWithParameter) {
	EXPECT_DEATH(DieIf(true), "DieIf\\(\\)");
	EXPECT_DEATH(DieIfLessThan(2, 3), "DieIfLessThan");
	}

	// Tests that ASSERT_DEATH can be used outside a TEST, TEST_F, or test fixture.
	TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, OutsideFixture) {
	DeathTestSubroutine();
	}

	// Tests that death tests can be done inside a loop.
	TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, InsideLoop) {
	for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
	EXPECT_DEATH(DieIfLessThan(-1, i), "DieIfLessThan") << "where i == " << i;
	}
	}

	// Tests that a compound statement can be used in a death test.
	TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, CompoundStatement) {
	EXPECT_DEATH({ // NOLINT
	const int x = 2;
	const int y = x + 1;
	DieIfLessThan(x, y);
	},
	"DieIfLessThan");
	}

	// Tests that code that doesn't die causes a death test to fail.
	TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, DoesNotDie) {
	EXPECT_NONFATAL_FAILURE(EXPECT_DEATH(DieIf(false), "DieIf"),
	"failed to die");
	}

	// Tests that a death test fails when the error message isn't expected.
	TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, ErrorMessageMismatch) {
	EXPECT_NONFATAL_FAILURE({ // NOLINT
	EXPECT_DEATH(DieIf(true), "DieIfLessThan") << "End of death test message.";
	}, "died but not with expected error");
	}

	// On exit, *aborted will be true iff the EXPECT_DEATH() statement
	// aborted the function.
	void ExpectDeathTestHelper(bool* aborted) {
	*aborted = true;
	EXPECT_DEATH(DieIf(false), "DieIf"); // This assertion should fail.
	*aborted = false;
	}

	// Tests that EXPECT_DEATH doesn't abort the test on failure.
	TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, EXPECT_DEATH) {
	bool aborted = true;
	EXPECT_NONFATAL_FAILURE(ExpectDeathTestHelper(&aborted),
	"failed to die");
	EXPECT_FALSE(aborted);
	}

	// Tests that ASSERT_DEATH does abort the test on failure.
	TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, ASSERT_DEATH) {
	static bool aborted;
	EXPECT_FATAL_FAILURE({ // NOLINT
	aborted = true;
	ASSERT_DEATH(DieIf(false), "DieIf"); // This assertion should fail.
	aborted = false;
	}, "failed to die");
	EXPECT_TRUE(aborted);
	}

	// Tests that EXPECT_DEATH evaluates the arguments exactly once.
	TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, SingleEvaluation) {
	int x = 3;
	EXPECT_DEATH(DieIf((++x) == 4), "DieIf");

	const char* regex = "DieIf";
	const char* regex_save = regex;
	EXPECT_DEATH(DieIfLessThan(3, 4), regex++);
	EXPECT_EQ(regex_save + 1, regex);
	}

	// Tests that run-away death tests are reported as failures.
	TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, Runaway) {
	EXPECT_NONFATAL_FAILURE(EXPECT_DEATH(static_cast<void>(0), "Foo"),
	"failed to die.");

	EXPECT_FATAL_FAILURE(ASSERT_DEATH(return, "Bar"),
	"illegal return in test statement.");
	}


	// Tests that EXPECT_DEBUG_DEATH works as expected,
	// that is, in debug mode, it:
	// 1. Asserts on death.
	// 2. Has no side effect.
	//
	// And in opt mode, it:
	// 1. Has side effects but does not assert.
	TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, TestExpectDebugDeath) {
	int sideeffect = 0;

	EXPECT_DEBUG_DEATH(DieInDebugElse12(&sideeffect),
	"death.*DieInDebugElse12");

	#ifdef NDEBUG
	// Checks that the assignment occurs in opt mode (sideeffect).
	EXPECT_EQ(12, sideeffect);
	#else
	// Checks that the assignment does not occur in dbg mode (no sideeffect).
	EXPECT_EQ(0, sideeffect);
	#endif
	}

	// Tests that ASSERT_DEBUG_DEATH works as expected
	// In debug mode:
	// 1. Asserts on debug death.
	// 2. Has no side effect.
	//
	// In opt mode:
	// 1. Has side effects and returns the expected value (12).
	TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, TestAssertDebugDeath) {
	int sideeffect = 0;

	ASSERT_DEBUG_DEATH({ // NOLINT
	// Tests that the return value is 12 in opt mode.
	EXPECT_EQ(12, DieInDebugElse12(&sideeffect));
	// Tests that the side effect occurred in opt mode.
	EXPECT_EQ(12, sideeffect);
	}, "death.*DieInDebugElse12");

	#ifdef NDEBUG
	// Checks that the assignment occurs in opt mode (sideeffect).
	EXPECT_EQ(12, sideeffect);
	#else
	// Checks that the assignment does not occur in dbg mode (no sideeffect).
	EXPECT_EQ(0, sideeffect);
	#endif
	}

	#ifndef NDEBUG

	void ExpectDebugDeathHelper(bool* aborted) {
	*aborted = true;
	EXPECT_DEBUG_DEATH(return, "") << "This is expected to fail.";
	*aborted = false;
	}

	#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
	TEST(PopUpDeathTest, DoesNotShowPopUpOnAbort) {
	printf("This test should be considered failing if it shows "
	"any pop-up dialogs.\n");
	fflush(stdout);

	EXPECT_DEATH({
	testing::GTEST_FLAG(catch_exceptions) = false;
	abort();
	}, "");
	}
	#endif // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS

	// Tests that EXPECT_DEBUG_DEATH in debug mode does not abort
	// the function.
	TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, ExpectDebugDeathDoesNotAbort) {
	bool aborted = true;
	EXPECT_NONFATAL_FAILURE(ExpectDebugDeathHelper(&aborted), "");
	EXPECT_FALSE(aborted);
	}

	void AssertDebugDeathHelper(bool* aborted) {
	*aborted = true;
	ASSERT_DEBUG_DEATH(return, "") << "This is expected to fail.";
	*aborted = false;
	}

	// Tests that ASSERT_DEBUG_DEATH in debug mode aborts the function on
	// failure.
	TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, AssertDebugDeathAborts) {
	static bool aborted;
	aborted = false;
	EXPECT_FATAL_FAILURE(AssertDebugDeathHelper(&aborted), "");
	EXPECT_TRUE(aborted);
	}

	#endif // _NDEBUG

	// Tests the *_EXIT family of macros, using a variety of predicates.
	static void TestExitMacros() {
	EXPECT_EXIT(_exit(1), testing::ExitedWithCode(1), "");
	ASSERT_EXIT(_exit(42), testing::ExitedWithCode(42), "");

	#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
	// Of all signals effects on the process exit code, only those of SIGABRT
	// are documented on Windows.
	// See http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dwwzkt4c(VS.71).aspx.
	EXPECT_EXIT(raise(SIGABRT), testing::ExitedWithCode(3), "");
	#else
	EXPECT_EXIT(raise(SIGKILL), testing::KilledBySignal(SIGKILL), "") << "foo";
	ASSERT_EXIT(raise(SIGUSR2), testing::KilledBySignal(SIGUSR2), "") << "bar";

	EXPECT_FATAL_FAILURE({ // NOLINT
	ASSERT_EXIT(_exit(0), testing::KilledBySignal(SIGSEGV), "")
	<< "This failure is expected, too.";
	}, "This failure is expected, too.");
	#endif // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS

	EXPECT_NONFATAL_FAILURE({ // NOLINT
	EXPECT_EXIT(raise(SIGSEGV), testing::ExitedWithCode(0), "")
	<< "This failure is expected.";
	}, "This failure is expected.");
	}

	TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, ExitMacros) {
	TestExitMacros();
	}

	TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, ExitMacrosUsingFork) {
	testing::GTEST_FLAG(death_test_use_fork) = true;
	TestExitMacros();
	}

	TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, InvalidStyle) {
	testing::GTEST_FLAG(death_test_style) = "rococo";
	EXPECT_NONFATAL_FAILURE({ // NOLINT
	EXPECT_DEATH(_exit(0), "") << "This failure is expected.";
	}, "This failure is expected.");
	}

	// A DeathTestFactory that returns MockDeathTests.
	class MockDeathTestFactory : public DeathTestFactory {
	public:
	MockDeathTestFactory();
	virtual bool Create(const char* statement,
	const ::testing::internal::RE* regex,
	const char* file, int line, DeathTest** test);

	// Sets the parameters for subsequent calls to Create.
	void SetParameters(bool create, DeathTest::TestRole role,
	int status, bool passed);

	// Accessors.
	int AssumeRoleCalls() const { return assume_role_calls_; }
	int WaitCalls() const { return wait_calls_; }
	int PassedCalls() const { return passed_args_.size(); }
	bool PassedArgument(int n) const { return passed_args_[n]; }
	int AbortCalls() const { return abort_args_.size(); }
	DeathTest::AbortReason AbortArgument(int n) const {
	return abort_args_[n];
	}
	bool TestDeleted() const { return test_deleted_; }

	private:
	friend class MockDeathTest;
	// If true, Create will return a MockDeathTest; otherwise it returns
	// NULL.
	bool create_;
	// The value a MockDeathTest will return from its AssumeRole method.
	DeathTest::TestRole role_;
	// The value a MockDeathTest will return from its Wait method.
	int status_;
	// The value a MockDeathTest will return from its Passed method.
	bool passed_;

	// Number of times AssumeRole was called.
	int assume_role_calls_;
	// Number of times Wait was called.
	int wait_calls_;
	// The arguments to the calls to Passed since the last call to
	// SetParameters.
	std::vector<bool> passed_args_;
	// The arguments to the calls to Abort since the last call to
	// SetParameters.
	std::vector<DeathTest::AbortReason> abort_args_;
	// True if the last MockDeathTest returned by Create has been
	// deleted.
	bool test_deleted_;
	};


	// A DeathTest implementation useful in testing. It returns values set
	// at its creation from its various inherited DeathTest methods, and
	// reports calls to those methods to its parent MockDeathTestFactory
	// object.
	class MockDeathTest : public DeathTest {
	public:
	MockDeathTest(MockDeathTestFactory *parent,
	TestRole role, int status, bool passed) :
	parent_(parent), role_(role), status_(status), passed_(passed) {
	}
	virtual ~MockDeathTest() {
	parent_->test_deleted_ = true;
	}
	virtual TestRole AssumeRole() {
	++parent_->assume_role_calls_;
	return role_;
	}
	virtual int Wait() {
	++parent_->wait_calls_;
	return status_;
	}
	virtual bool Passed(bool exit_status_ok) {
	parent_->passed_args_.push_back(exit_status_ok);
	return passed_;
	}
	virtual void Abort(AbortReason reason) {
	parent_->abort_args_.push_back(reason);
	}
	private:
	MockDeathTestFactory* const parent_;
	const TestRole role_;
	const int status_;
	const bool passed_;
	};


	// MockDeathTestFactory constructor.
	MockDeathTestFactory::MockDeathTestFactory()
	: create_(true),
	role_(DeathTest::OVERSEE_TEST),
	status_(0),
	passed_(true),
	assume_role_calls_(0),
	wait_calls_(0),
	passed_args_(),
	abort_args_() {
	}


	// Sets the parameters for subsequent calls to Create.
	void MockDeathTestFactory::SetParameters(bool create,
	DeathTest::TestRole role,
	int status, bool passed) {
	create_ = create;
	role_ = role;
	status_ = status;
	passed_ = passed;

	assume_role_calls_ = 0;
	wait_calls_ = 0;
	passed_args_.clear();
	abort_args_.clear();
	}


	// Sets test to NULL (if create_ is false) or to the address of a new
	// MockDeathTest object with parameters taken from the last call
	// to SetParameters (if create_ is true). Always returns true.
	bool MockDeathTestFactory::Create(const char* /statement/,
	const ::testing::internal::RE* /regex/,
	const char* /file/,
	int /line/,
	DeathTest** test) {
	test_deleted_ = false;
	if (create_) {
	*test = new MockDeathTest(this, role_, status_, passed_);
	} else {
	*test = NULL;
	}
	return true;
	}

	// A test fixture for testing the logic of the GTEST_DEATH_TEST_ macro.
	// It installs a MockDeathTestFactory that is used for the duration
	// of the test case.
	class MacroLogicDeathTest : public testing::Test {
	protected:
	static testing::internal::ReplaceDeathTestFactory* replacer_;
	static MockDeathTestFactory* factory_;

	static void SetUpTestCase() {
	factory_ = new MockDeathTestFactory;
	replacer_ = new testing::internal::ReplaceDeathTestFactory(factory_);
	}

	static void TearDownTestCase() {
	delete replacer_;
	replacer_ = NULL;
	delete factory_;
	factory_ = NULL;
	}

	// Runs a death test that breaks the rules by returning. Such a death
	// test cannot be run directly from a test routine that uses a
	// MockDeathTest, or the remainder of the routine will not be executed.
	static void RunReturningDeathTest(bool* flag) {
	ASSERT_DEATH({ // NOLINT
	*flag = true;
	return;
	}, "");
	}
	};

	testing::internal::ReplaceDeathTestFactory* MacroLogicDeathTest::replacer_
	= NULL;
	MockDeathTestFactory* MacroLogicDeathTest::factory_ = NULL;


	// Test that nothing happens when the factory doesn't return a DeathTest:
	TEST_F(MacroLogicDeathTest, NothingHappens) {
	bool flag = false;
	factory_->SetParameters(false, DeathTest::OVERSEE_TEST, 0, true);
	EXPECT_DEATH(flag = true, "");
	EXPECT_FALSE(flag);
	EXPECT_EQ(0, factory_->AssumeRoleCalls());
	EXPECT_EQ(0, factory_->WaitCalls());
	EXPECT_EQ(0, factory_->PassedCalls());
	EXPECT_EQ(0, factory_->AbortCalls());
	EXPECT_FALSE(factory_->TestDeleted());
	}

	// Test that the parent process doesn't run the death test code,
	// and that the Passed method returns false when the (simulated)
	// child process exits with status 0:
	TEST_F(MacroLogicDeathTest, ChildExitsSuccessfully) {
	bool flag = false;
	factory_->SetParameters(true, DeathTest::OVERSEE_TEST, 0, true);
	EXPECT_DEATH(flag = true, "");
	EXPECT_FALSE(flag);
	EXPECT_EQ(1, factory_->AssumeRoleCalls());
	EXPECT_EQ(1, factory_->WaitCalls());
	ASSERT_EQ(1, factory_->PassedCalls());
	EXPECT_FALSE(factory_->PassedArgument(0));
	EXPECT_EQ(0, factory_->AbortCalls());
	EXPECT_TRUE(factory_->TestDeleted());
	}

	// Tests that the Passed method was given the argument "true" when
	// the (simulated) child process exits with status 1:
	TEST_F(MacroLogicDeathTest, ChildExitsUnsuccessfully) {
	bool flag = false;
	factory_->SetParameters(true, DeathTest::OVERSEE_TEST, 1, true);
	EXPECT_DEATH(flag = true, "");
	EXPECT_FALSE(flag);
	EXPECT_EQ(1, factory_->AssumeRoleCalls());
	EXPECT_EQ(1, factory_->WaitCalls());
	ASSERT_EQ(1, factory_->PassedCalls());
	EXPECT_TRUE(factory_->PassedArgument(0));
	EXPECT_EQ(0, factory_->AbortCalls());
	EXPECT_TRUE(factory_->TestDeleted());
	}

	// Tests that the (simulated) child process executes the death test
	// code, and is aborted with the correct AbortReason if it
	// executes a return statement.
	TEST_F(MacroLogicDeathTest, ChildPerformsReturn) {
	bool flag = false;
	factory_->SetParameters(true, DeathTest::EXECUTE_TEST, 0, true);
	RunReturningDeathTest(&flag);
	EXPECT_TRUE(flag);
	EXPECT_EQ(1, factory_->AssumeRoleCalls());
	EXPECT_EQ(0, factory_->WaitCalls());
	EXPECT_EQ(0, factory_->PassedCalls());
	EXPECT_EQ(1, factory_->AbortCalls());
	EXPECT_EQ(DeathTest::TEST_ENCOUNTERED_RETURN_STATEMENT,
	factory_->AbortArgument(0));
	EXPECT_TRUE(factory_->TestDeleted());
	}

	// Tests that the (simulated) child process is aborted with the
	// correct AbortReason if it does not die.
	TEST_F(MacroLogicDeathTest, ChildDoesNotDie) {
	bool flag = false;
	factory_->SetParameters(true, DeathTest::EXECUTE_TEST, 0, true);
	EXPECT_DEATH(flag = true, "");
	EXPECT_TRUE(flag);
	EXPECT_EQ(1, factory_->AssumeRoleCalls());
	EXPECT_EQ(0, factory_->WaitCalls());
	EXPECT_EQ(0, factory_->PassedCalls());
	// This time there are two calls to Abort: one since the test didn't
	// die, and another from the ReturnSentinel when it's destroyed. The
	// sentinel normally isn't destroyed if a test doesn't die, since
	// _exit(2) is called in that case by ForkingDeathTest, but not by
	// our MockDeathTest.
	ASSERT_EQ(2, factory_->AbortCalls());
	EXPECT_EQ(DeathTest::TEST_DID_NOT_DIE,
	factory_->AbortArgument(0));
	EXPECT_EQ(DeathTest::TEST_ENCOUNTERED_RETURN_STATEMENT,
	factory_->AbortArgument(1));
	EXPECT_TRUE(factory_->TestDeleted());
	}

	// Tests that a successful death test does not register a successful
	// test part.
	TEST(SuccessRegistrationDeathTest, NoSuccessPart) {
	EXPECT_DEATH(_exit(1), "");
	EXPECT_EQ(0, GetUnitTestImpl()->current_test_result()->total_part_count());
	}

	TEST(StreamingAssertionsDeathTest, DeathTest) {
	EXPECT_DEATH(_exit(1), "") << "unexpected failure";
	ASSERT_DEATH(_exit(1), "") << "unexpected failure";
	EXPECT_NONFATAL_FAILURE({ // NOLINT
	EXPECT_DEATH(_exit(0), "") << "expected failure";
	}, "expected failure");
	EXPECT_FATAL_FAILURE({ // NOLINT
	ASSERT_DEATH(_exit(0), "") << "expected failure";
	}, "expected failure");
	}

	// Tests that GetLastErrnoDescription returns an empty string when the
	// last error is 0 and non-empty string when it is non-zero.
	TEST(GetLastErrnoDescription, GetLastErrnoDescriptionWorks) {
	errno = ENOENT;
	EXPECT_STRNE("", GetLastErrnoDescription().c_str());
	errno = 0;
	EXPECT_STREQ("", GetLastErrnoDescription().c_str());
	}

	#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
	TEST(AutoHandleTest, AutoHandleWorks) {
	HANDLE handle = ::CreateEvent(NULL, FALSE, FALSE, NULL);
	ASSERT_NE(INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE, handle);

	// Tests that the AutoHandle is correctly initialized with a handle.
	testing::internal::AutoHandle auto_handle(handle);
	EXPECT_EQ(handle, auto_handle.Get());

	// Tests that Reset assigns INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE.
	// Note that this cannot verify whether the original handle is closed.
	auto_handle.Reset();
	EXPECT_EQ(INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE, auto_handle.Get());

	// Tests that Reset assigns the new handle.
	// Note that this cannot verify whether the original handle is closed.
	handle = ::CreateEvent(NULL, FALSE, FALSE, NULL);
	ASSERT_NE(INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE, handle);
	auto_handle.Reset(handle);
	EXPECT_EQ(handle, auto_handle.Get());

	// Tests that AutoHandle contains INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE by default.
	testing::internal::AutoHandle auto_handle2;
	EXPECT_EQ(INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE, auto_handle2.Get());
	}
	#endif // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS

	#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
	typedef unsigned __int64 BiggestParsable;
	typedef signed __int64 BiggestSignedParsable;
	const BiggestParsable kBiggestParsableMax = ULLONG_MAX;
	const BiggestParsable kBiggestSignedParsableMax = LLONG_MAX;
	#else
	typedef unsigned long long BiggestParsable;
	typedef signed long long BiggestSignedParsable;
	const BiggestParsable kBiggestParsableMax =
	::std::numeric_limits<BiggestParsable>::max();
	const BiggestSignedParsable kBiggestSignedParsableMax =
	::std::numeric_limits<BiggestSignedParsable>::max();
	#endif // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS

	TEST(ParseNaturalNumberTest, RejectsInvalidFormat) {
	BiggestParsable result = 0;

	// Rejects non-numbers.
	EXPECT_FALSE(ParseNaturalNumber(String("non-number string"), &result));

	// Rejects numbers with whitespace prefix.
	EXPECT_FALSE(ParseNaturalNumber(String(" 123"), &result));

	// Rejects negative numbers.
	EXPECT_FALSE(ParseNaturalNumber(String("-123"), &result));

	// Rejects numbers starting with a plus sign.
	EXPECT_FALSE(ParseNaturalNumber(String("+123"), &result));
	errno = 0;
	}

	TEST(ParseNaturalNumberTest, RejectsOverflownNumbers) {
	BiggestParsable result = 0;

	EXPECT_FALSE(ParseNaturalNumber(String("99999999999999999999999"), &result));

	signed char char_result = 0;
	EXPECT_FALSE(ParseNaturalNumber(String("200"), &char_result));
	errno = 0;
	}

	TEST(ParseNaturalNumberTest, AcceptsValidNumbers) {
	BiggestParsable result = 0;

	result = 0;
	ASSERT_TRUE(ParseNaturalNumber(String("123"), &result));
	EXPECT_EQ(123U, result);

	// Check 0 as an edge case.
	result = 1;
	ASSERT_TRUE(ParseNaturalNumber(String("0"), &result));
	EXPECT_EQ(0U, result);

	result = 1;
	ASSERT_TRUE(ParseNaturalNumber(String("00000"), &result));
	EXPECT_EQ(0U, result);
	}

	TEST(ParseNaturalNumberTest, AcceptsTypeLimits) {
	Message msg;
	msg << kBiggestParsableMax;

	BiggestParsable result = 0;
	EXPECT_TRUE(ParseNaturalNumber(msg.GetString(), &result));
	EXPECT_EQ(kBiggestParsableMax, result);

	Message msg2;
	msg2 << kBiggestSignedParsableMax;

	BiggestSignedParsable signed_result = 0;
	EXPECT_TRUE(ParseNaturalNumber(msg2.GetString(), &signed_result));
	EXPECT_EQ(kBiggestSignedParsableMax, signed_result);

	Message msg3;
	msg3 << INT_MAX;

	int int_result = 0;
	EXPECT_TRUE(ParseNaturalNumber(msg3.GetString(), &int_result));
	EXPECT_EQ(INT_MAX, int_result);

	Message msg4;
	msg4 << UINT_MAX;

	unsigned int uint_result = 0;
	EXPECT_TRUE(ParseNaturalNumber(msg4.GetString(), &uint_result));
	EXPECT_EQ(UINT_MAX, uint_result);
	}

	TEST(ParseNaturalNumberTest, WorksForShorterIntegers) {
	short short_result = 0;
	ASSERT_TRUE(ParseNaturalNumber(String("123"), &short_result));
	EXPECT_EQ(123, short_result);

	signed char char_result = 0;
	ASSERT_TRUE(ParseNaturalNumber(String("123"), &char_result));
	EXPECT_EQ(123, char_result);
	}

	#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
	TEST(EnvironmentTest, HandleFitsIntoSizeT) {
	// TODO(vladl@google.com): Remove this test after this condition is verified
	// in a static assertion in gtest-death-test.cc in the function
	// GetStatusFileDescriptor.
	ASSERT_TRUE(sizeof(HANDLE) <= sizeof(size_t));
	}
	#endif // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS

	// Tests that EXPECT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED/ASSERT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED trigger
	// failures when death tests are available on the system.
	TEST(ConditionalDeathMacrosDeathTest, ExpectsDeathWhenDeathTestsAvailable) {
	EXPECT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED(DieInside("CondDeathTestExpectMacro"),
	"death inside CondDeathTestExpectMacro");
	ASSERT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED(DieInside("CondDeathTestAssertMacro"),
	"death inside CondDeathTestAssertMacro");

	// Empty statement will not crash, which must trigger a failure.
	EXPECT_NONFATAL_FAILURE(EXPECT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED(;, ""), "");
	EXPECT_FATAL_FAILURE(ASSERT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED(;, ""), "");
	}

	#else

	using testing::internal::CaptureStderr;
	using testing::internal::GetCapturedStderr;
	using testing::internal::String;

	// Tests that EXPECT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED/ASSERT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED are still
	// defined but do not trigger failures when death tests are not available on
	// the system.
	TEST(ConditionalDeathMacrosTest, WarnsWhenDeathTestsNotAvailable) {
	// Empty statement will not crash, but that should not trigger a failure
	// when death tests are not supported.
	CaptureStderr();
	EXPECT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED(;, "");
	String output = GetCapturedStderr();
	ASSERT_TRUE(NULL != strstr(output.c_str(),
	"Death tests are not supported on this platform"));
	ASSERT_TRUE(NULL != strstr(output.c_str(), ";"));

	// The streamed message should not be printed as there is no test failure.
	CaptureStderr();
	EXPECT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED(;, "") << "streamed message";
	output = GetCapturedStderr();
	ASSERT_TRUE(NULL == strstr(output.c_str(), "streamed message"));

	CaptureStderr();
	ASSERT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED(;, ""); // NOLINT
	output = GetCapturedStderr();
	ASSERT_TRUE(NULL != strstr(output.c_str(),
	"Death tests are not supported on this platform"));
	ASSERT_TRUE(NULL != strstr(output.c_str(), ";"));

	CaptureStderr();
	ASSERT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED(;, "") << "streamed message"; // NOLINT
	output = GetCapturedStderr();
	ASSERT_TRUE(NULL == strstr(output.c_str(), "streamed message"));
	}

	void FuncWithAssert(int* n) {
	ASSERT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED(return;, "");
	(*n)++;
	}

	// Tests that ASSERT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED does not return from the current
	// function (as ASSERT_DEATH does) if death tests are not supported.
	TEST(ConditionalDeathMacrosTest, AssertDeatDoesNotReturnhIfUnsupported) {
	int n = 0;
	FuncWithAssert(&n);
	EXPECT_EQ(1, n);
	}
	#endif // GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST

	// Tests that the death test macros expand to code which may or may not
	// be followed by operator<<, and that in either case the complete text
	// comprises only a single C++ statement.
	//
	// The syntax should work whether death tests are available or not.
	TEST(ConditionalDeathMacrosSyntaxDeathTest, SingleStatement) {
	if (AlwaysFalse())
	// This would fail if executed; this is a compilation test only
	ASSERT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED(return, "");

	if (AlwaysTrue())
	EXPECT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED(_exit(1), "");
	else
	// This empty "else" branch is meant to ensure that EXPECT_DEATH
	// doesn't expand into an "if" statement without an "else"
	; // NOLINT

	if (AlwaysFalse())
	ASSERT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED(return, "") << "did not die";

	if (AlwaysFalse())
	; // NOLINT
	else
	EXPECT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED(_exit(1), "") << 1 << 2 << 3;
	}

	// Tests that conditional death test macros expand to code which interacts
	// well with switch statements.
	TEST(ConditionalDeathMacrosSyntaxDeathTest, SwitchStatement) {
	// Microsoft compiler usually complains about switch statements without
	// case labels. We suppress that warning for this test.
	#ifdef _MSC_VER
	#pragma warning(push)
	#pragma warning(disable: 4065)
	#endif // _MSC_VER

	switch (0)
	default:
	ASSERT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED(_exit(1), "")
	<< "exit in default switch handler";

	switch (0)
	case 0:
	EXPECT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED(_exit(1), "") << "exit in switch case";

	#ifdef _MSC_VER
	#pragma warning(pop)
	#endif // _MSC_VER
	}

	// Tests that a test case whose name ends with "DeathTest" works fine
	// on Windows.
	TEST(NotADeathTest, Test) {
	SUCCEED();
	}

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