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solid_mechanics_model_cohesive.cc
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solid_mechanics_model_cohesive.cc
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/**
* @file solid_mechanics_model_cohesive.cc
*
* @author Marco Vocialta <marco.vocialta@epfl.ch>
* @author Nicolas Richart <nicolas.richart@epfl.ch>
*
* @date creation: Tue May 08 2012
* @date last modification: Fri Sep 05 2014
*
* @brief Solid mechanics model for cohesive elements
*
* @section LICENSE
*
* Copyright (©) 2014 EPFL (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne)
* Laboratory (LSMS - Laboratoire de Simulation en Mécanique des Solides)
*
* Akantu is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
* terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by the Free
* Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any
* later version.
*
* Akantu is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
* WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
* A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Lesser General Public License for more
* details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
* along with Akantu. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*
*/
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
#include <algorithm>
#include "shape_cohesive.hh"
#include "solid_mechanics_model_cohesive.hh"
#include "dumpable_inline_impl.hh"
#include "material_cohesive.hh"
#ifdef AKANTU_USE_IOHELPER
# include "dumper_paraview.hh"
#endif
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
__BEGIN_AKANTU__
const SolidMechanicsModelCohesiveOptions default_solid_mechanics_model_cohesive_options(_explicit_lumped_mass,
false,
false);
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
SolidMechanicsModelCohesive::SolidMechanicsModelCohesive(Mesh & mesh,
UInt dim,
const ID & id,
const MemoryID & memory_id) :
SolidMechanicsModel(mesh, dim, id, memory_id),
tangents("tangents", id),
facet_stress("facet_stress", id),
facet_material("facet_material", id) {
AKANTU_DEBUG_IN();
inserter = NULL;
#if defined(AKANTU_PARALLEL_COHESIVE_ELEMENT)
facet_synchronizer = NULL;
facet_stress_synchronizer = NULL;
cohesive_distributed_synchronizer = NULL;
global_connectivity = NULL;
#endif
delete material_selector;
material_selector = new DefaultMaterialCohesiveSelector(*this);
this->registerEventHandler(*this);
#if defined(AKANTU_USE_IOHELPER)
this->mesh.registerDumper<DumperParaview>("cohesive elements", id);
this->mesh.addDumpMeshToDumper("cohesive elements",
mesh, spatial_dimension, _not_ghost, _ek_cohesive);
#endif
AKANTU_DEBUG_OUT();
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
SolidMechanicsModelCohesive::~SolidMechanicsModelCohesive() {
AKANTU_DEBUG_IN();
delete inserter;
#if defined(AKANTU_PARALLEL_COHESIVE_ELEMENT)
delete cohesive_distributed_synchronizer;
delete facet_synchronizer;
delete facet_stress_synchronizer;
#endif
AKANTU_DEBUG_OUT();
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
void SolidMechanicsModelCohesive::setTimeStep(Real time_step) {
SolidMechanicsModel::setTimeStep(time_step);
#if defined(AKANTU_USE_IOHELPER)
this->mesh.getDumper("cohesive elements").setTimeStep(time_step);
#endif
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
void SolidMechanicsModelCohesive::initFull(const ModelOptions & options) {
AKANTU_DEBUG_IN();
const SolidMechanicsModelCohesiveOptions & smmc_options =
dynamic_cast<const SolidMechanicsModelCohesiveOptions &>(options);
this->is_extrinsic = smmc_options.extrinsic;
if (!inserter)
inserter = new CohesiveElementInserter(mesh, is_extrinsic, synch_parallel,
id+":cohesive_element_inserter");
SolidMechanicsModel::initFull(options);
AKANTU_DEBUG_OUT();
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
void SolidMechanicsModelCohesive::initMaterials() {
AKANTU_DEBUG_IN();
// make sure the material are instantiated
if(!are_materials_instantiated) instantiateMaterials();
/// find the first cohesive material
UInt cohesive_index = 0;
while ((dynamic_cast<MaterialCohesive *>(materials[cohesive_index]) == NULL)
&& cohesive_index <= materials.size())
++cohesive_index;
AKANTU_DEBUG_ASSERT(cohesive_index != materials.size(),
"No cohesive materials in the material input file");
material_selector->setFallback(cohesive_index);
// set the facet information in the material in case of dynamic insertion
if (is_extrinsic) {
const Mesh & mesh_facets = inserter->getMeshFacets();
mesh_facets.initElementTypeMapArray(facet_material, 1, spatial_dimension - 1);
Element element;
for (ghost_type_t::iterator gt = ghost_type_t::begin(); gt != ghost_type_t::end(); ++gt) {
element.ghost_type = *gt;
Mesh::type_iterator first = mesh_facets.firstType(spatial_dimension - 1, *gt);
Mesh::type_iterator last = mesh_facets.lastType(spatial_dimension - 1, *gt);
for(;first != last; ++first) {
element.type = *first;
Array<UInt> & f_material = facet_material(*first, *gt);
UInt nb_element = mesh_facets.getNbElement(*first, *gt);
f_material.resize(nb_element);
f_material.set(cohesive_index);
for (UInt el = 0; el < nb_element; ++el) {
element.element = el;
UInt mat_index = (*material_selector)(element);
f_material(el) = mat_index;
MaterialCohesive & mat = dynamic_cast<MaterialCohesive &>(*materials[mat_index]);
mat.addFacet(element);
}
}
}
} else {
for (ghost_type_t::iterator gt = ghost_type_t::begin(); gt != ghost_type_t::end(); ++gt) {
Mesh::type_iterator first = mesh.firstType(spatial_dimension, *gt, _ek_cohesive);
Mesh::type_iterator last = mesh.lastType(spatial_dimension, *gt, _ek_cohesive);
for(;first != last; ++first) {
Array<UInt> & mat_indexes = this->material_index(*first, *gt);
Array<UInt> & mat_loc_num = this->material_local_numbering(*first, *gt);
mat_indexes.set(cohesive_index);
mat_loc_num.clear();
}
}
}
SolidMechanicsModel::initMaterials();
#if defined(AKANTU_PARALLEL_COHESIVE_ELEMENT)
if (facet_synchronizer != NULL)
inserter->initParallel(facet_synchronizer);
#endif
if (is_extrinsic)
initAutomaticInsertion();
AKANTU_DEBUG_OUT();
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/**
* Initialize the model,basically it pre-compute the shapes, shapes derivatives
* and jacobian
*
*/
void SolidMechanicsModelCohesive::initModel() {
AKANTU_DEBUG_IN();
SolidMechanicsModel::initModel();
registerFEEngineObject<MyFEEngineCohesiveType>("CohesiveFEEngine", mesh, spatial_dimension);
/// add cohesive type connectivity
ElementType type = _not_defined;
for (ghost_type_t::iterator gt = ghost_type_t::begin();
gt != ghost_type_t::end(); ++gt) {
GhostType type_ghost = *gt;
Mesh::type_iterator it = mesh.firstType(spatial_dimension, type_ghost);
Mesh::type_iterator last = mesh.lastType(spatial_dimension, type_ghost);
for (; it != last; ++it) {
const Array<UInt> & connectivity = mesh.getConnectivity(*it, type_ghost);
if (connectivity.getSize() != 0) {
type = *it;
ElementType type_facet = Mesh::getFacetType(type);
ElementType type_cohesive = FEEngine::getCohesiveElementType(type_facet);
mesh.addConnectivityType(type_cohesive, type_ghost);
}
}
}
AKANTU_DEBUG_ASSERT(type != _not_defined, "No elements in the mesh");
getFEEngine("CohesiveFEEngine").initShapeFunctions(_not_ghost);
getFEEngine("CohesiveFEEngine").initShapeFunctions(_ghost);
registerFEEngineObject<MyFEEngineType>("FacetsFEEngine",
mesh.getMeshFacets(),
spatial_dimension - 1);
if (is_extrinsic) {
getFEEngine("FacetsFEEngine").initShapeFunctions(_not_ghost);
getFEEngine("FacetsFEEngine").initShapeFunctions(_ghost);
}
AKANTU_DEBUG_OUT();
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
void SolidMechanicsModelCohesive::limitInsertion(BC::Axis axis,
Real first_limit,
Real second_limit) {
AKANTU_DEBUG_IN();
inserter->setLimit(axis, first_limit, second_limit);
AKANTU_DEBUG_OUT();
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
void SolidMechanicsModelCohesive::insertIntrinsicElements() {
AKANTU_DEBUG_IN();
inserter->insertIntrinsicElements();
AKANTU_DEBUG_OUT();
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
void SolidMechanicsModelCohesive::initAutomaticInsertion() {
AKANTU_DEBUG_IN();
#if defined(AKANTU_PARALLEL_COHESIVE_ELEMENT)
if (facet_stress_synchronizer != NULL) {
DataAccessor * data_accessor = this;
const ElementTypeMapArray<UInt> & rank_to_element = synch_parallel->getPrankToElement();
facet_stress_synchronizer->updateFacetStressSynchronizer(*inserter,
rank_to_element,
*data_accessor);
}
#endif
inserter->getMeshFacets().initElementTypeMapArray(facet_stress,
2 * spatial_dimension * spatial_dimension,
spatial_dimension - 1);
resizeFacetStress();
/// compute normals on facets
computeNormals();
initStressInterpolation();
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
void SolidMechanicsModelCohesive::updateAutomaticInsertion() {
AKANTU_DEBUG_IN();
inserter->limitCheckFacets();
#if defined(AKANTU_PARALLEL_COHESIVE_ELEMENT)
if (facet_stress_synchronizer != NULL) {
DataAccessor * data_accessor = this;
const ElementTypeMapArray<UInt> & rank_to_element = synch_parallel->getPrankToElement();
facet_stress_synchronizer->updateFacetStressSynchronizer(*inserter,
rank_to_element,
*data_accessor);
}
#endif
AKANTU_DEBUG_OUT();
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
void SolidMechanicsModelCohesive::initStressInterpolation() {
Mesh & mesh_facets = inserter->getMeshFacets();
/// compute quadrature points coordinates on facets
Array<Real> & position = mesh.getNodes();
ElementTypeMapArray<Real> quad_facets("quad_facets", id);
mesh_facets.initElementTypeMapArray(quad_facets,
spatial_dimension, spatial_dimension - 1);
getFEEngine("FacetsFEEngine").interpolateOnQuadraturePoints(position, quad_facets);
/// compute elements quadrature point positions and build
/// element-facet quadrature points data structure
ElementTypeMapArray<Real> elements_quad_facets("elements_quad_facets", id);
mesh.initElementTypeMapArray(elements_quad_facets,
spatial_dimension,
spatial_dimension);
for (ghost_type_t::iterator gt = ghost_type_t::begin();
gt != ghost_type_t::end(); ++gt) {
GhostType elem_gt = *gt;
Mesh::type_iterator it = mesh.firstType(spatial_dimension, elem_gt);
Mesh::type_iterator last = mesh.lastType(spatial_dimension, elem_gt);
for (; it != last; ++it) {
ElementType type = *it;
UInt nb_element = mesh.getNbElement(type, elem_gt);
if (nb_element == 0) continue;
/// compute elements' quadrature points and list of facet
/// quadrature points positions by element
Array<Element> & facet_to_element = mesh_facets.getSubelementToElement(type,
elem_gt);
UInt nb_facet_per_elem = facet_to_element.getNbComponent();
Array<Real> & el_q_facet = elements_quad_facets(type, elem_gt);
ElementType facet_type = Mesh::getFacetType(type);
UInt nb_quad_per_facet =
getFEEngine("FacetsFEEngine").getNbQuadraturePoints(facet_type);
el_q_facet.resize(nb_element * nb_facet_per_elem * nb_quad_per_facet);
for (UInt el = 0; el < nb_element; ++el) {
for (UInt f = 0; f < nb_facet_per_elem; ++f) {
Element global_facet_elem = facet_to_element(el, f);
UInt global_facet = global_facet_elem.element;
GhostType facet_gt = global_facet_elem.ghost_type;
const Array<Real> & quad_f = quad_facets(facet_type, facet_gt);
for (UInt q = 0; q < nb_quad_per_facet; ++q) {
for (UInt s = 0; s < spatial_dimension; ++s) {
el_q_facet(el * nb_facet_per_elem * nb_quad_per_facet
+ f * nb_quad_per_facet + q, s)
= quad_f(global_facet * nb_quad_per_facet + q, s);
}
}
}
}
}
}
/// loop over non cohesive materials
for (UInt m = 0; m < materials.size(); ++m) {
try {
MaterialCohesive & mat __attribute__((unused)) =
dynamic_cast<MaterialCohesive &>(*materials[m]);
} catch(std::bad_cast&) {
/// initialize the interpolation function
materials[m]->initElementalFieldInterpolation(elements_quad_facets);
}
}
AKANTU_DEBUG_OUT();
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
void SolidMechanicsModelCohesive::updateResidual(bool need_initialize) {
AKANTU_DEBUG_IN();
if (need_initialize) initializeUpdateResidualData();
// f -= fint
std::vector<Material *>::iterator mat_it;
for(mat_it = materials.begin(); mat_it != materials.end(); ++mat_it) {
try {
MaterialCohesive & mat = dynamic_cast<MaterialCohesive &>(**mat_it);
mat.computeTraction(_not_ghost);
} catch (std::bad_cast & bce) { }
}
SolidMechanicsModel::updateResidual(false);
for(mat_it = materials.begin(); mat_it != materials.end(); ++mat_it) {
try {
MaterialCohesive & mat = dynamic_cast<MaterialCohesive &>(**mat_it);
mat.computeEnergies();
} catch (std::bad_cast & bce) { }
}
AKANTU_DEBUG_OUT();
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
void SolidMechanicsModelCohesive::computeNormals() {
AKANTU_DEBUG_IN();
Mesh & mesh_facets = this->inserter->getMeshFacets();
this->getFEEngine("FacetsFEEngine").computeNormalsOnControlPoints(_not_ghost);
/**
* @todo store tangents while computing normals instead of
* recomputing them as follows:
*/
/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
UInt tangent_components = spatial_dimension * (spatial_dimension - 1);
mesh_facets.initElementTypeMapArray(tangents,
tangent_components,
spatial_dimension - 1);
Mesh::type_iterator it = mesh_facets.firstType(spatial_dimension - 1);
Mesh::type_iterator last = mesh_facets.lastType(spatial_dimension - 1);
for (; it != last; ++it) {
ElementType facet_type = *it;
const Array<Real> & normals =
this->getFEEngine("FacetsFEEngine").getNormalsOnQuadPoints(facet_type);
Array<Real> & tangents = this->tangents(facet_type);
Math::compute_tangents(normals, tangents);
}
AKANTU_DEBUG_OUT();
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
void SolidMechanicsModelCohesive::interpolateStress() {
for (UInt m = 0; m < materials.size(); ++m) {
try {
MaterialCohesive & mat __attribute__((unused)) =
dynamic_cast<MaterialCohesive &>(*materials[m]);
} catch(std::bad_cast&) {
/// interpolate stress on facet quadrature points positions
materials[m]->interpolateStressOnFacets(facet_stress);
}
}
#if defined(AKANTU_DEBUG_TOOLS)
debug::element_manager.printData(debug::_dm_model_cohesive,
"Interpolated stresses before",
facet_stress);
#endif
synch_registry->synchronize(_gst_smmc_facets_stress);
#if defined(AKANTU_DEBUG_TOOLS)
debug::element_manager.printData(debug::_dm_model_cohesive,
"Interpolated stresses",
facet_stress);
#endif
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
UInt SolidMechanicsModelCohesive::checkCohesiveStress() {
interpolateStress();
for (UInt m = 0; m < materials.size(); ++m) {
try {
MaterialCohesive & mat_cohesive = dynamic_cast<MaterialCohesive &>(*materials[m]);
/// check which not ghost cohesive elements are to be created
mat_cohesive.checkInsertion();
} catch(std::bad_cast&) { }
}
/* if(static and extrinsic) {
check max mean stresses
and change inserter.getInsertionFacets(type_facet);
}
*/
/// communicate data among processors
synch_registry->synchronize(_gst_smmc_facets);
/// insert cohesive elements
return inserter->insertElements();
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
void SolidMechanicsModelCohesive::onElementsAdded(const Array<Element> & element_list,
const NewElementsEvent & event) {
AKANTU_DEBUG_IN();
#if defined(AKANTU_PARALLEL_COHESIVE_ELEMENT)
updateCohesiveSynchronizers();
#endif
SolidMechanicsModel::onElementsAdded(element_list, event);
#if defined(AKANTU_PARALLEL_COHESIVE_ELEMENT)
if (cohesive_distributed_synchronizer != NULL)
cohesive_distributed_synchronizer->computeAllBufferSizes(*this);
#endif
/// update shape functions
getFEEngine("CohesiveFEEngine").initShapeFunctions(_not_ghost);
getFEEngine("CohesiveFEEngine").initShapeFunctions(_ghost);
if (is_extrinsic) resizeFacetStress();
AKANTU_DEBUG_OUT();
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
void SolidMechanicsModelCohesive::onNodesAdded(const Array<UInt> & doubled_nodes,
__attribute__((unused)) const NewNodesEvent & event) {
AKANTU_DEBUG_IN();
UInt nb_new_nodes = doubled_nodes.getSize();
Array<UInt> nodes_list(nb_new_nodes);
for (UInt n = 0; n < nb_new_nodes; ++n)
nodes_list(n) = doubled_nodes(n, 1);
SolidMechanicsModel::onNodesAdded(nodes_list, event);
for (UInt n = 0; n < nb_new_nodes; ++n) {
UInt old_node = doubled_nodes(n, 0);
UInt new_node = doubled_nodes(n, 1);
for (UInt dim = 0; dim < spatial_dimension; ++dim) {
(*displacement)(new_node, dim) = (*displacement)(old_node, dim);
(*velocity) (new_node, dim) = (*velocity) (old_node, dim);
(*acceleration)(new_node, dim) = (*acceleration)(old_node, dim);
(*blocked_dofs)(new_node, dim) = (*blocked_dofs)(old_node, dim);
if (current_position)
(*current_position)(new_node, dim) = (*current_position)(old_node, dim);
if (increment_acceleration)
(*increment_acceleration)(new_node, dim)
= (*increment_acceleration)(old_node, dim);
if (increment)
(*increment)(new_node, dim) = (*increment)(old_node, dim);
if (previous_displacement)
(*previous_displacement)(new_node, dim)
= (*previous_displacement)(old_node, dim);
}
}
AKANTU_DEBUG_OUT();
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
void SolidMechanicsModelCohesive::onEndSolveStep(const AnalysisMethod & method) {
AKANTU_DEBUG_IN();
/******************************************************************************
This is required because the Cauchy stress is the stress measure that is used
to check the insertion of cohesive elements
******************************************************************************/
std::vector<Material *>::iterator mat_it;
for(mat_it = materials.begin(); mat_it != materials.end(); ++mat_it) {
Material & mat = **mat_it;
if(mat.isFiniteDeformation())
mat.computeAllCauchyStresses(_not_ghost);
}
AKANTU_DEBUG_OUT();
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
void SolidMechanicsModelCohesive::printself(std::ostream & stream, int indent) const {
std::string space;
for(Int i = 0; i < indent; i++, space += AKANTU_INDENT);
stream << space << "SolidMechanicsModelCohesive [" << std::endl;
SolidMechanicsModel::printself(stream, indent + 1);
stream << space << "]" << std::endl;
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
void SolidMechanicsModelCohesive::resizeFacetStress() {
AKANTU_DEBUG_IN();
Mesh & mesh_facets = inserter->getMeshFacets();
for (ghost_type_t::iterator gt = ghost_type_t::begin();
gt != ghost_type_t::end();
++gt) {
GhostType ghost_type = *gt;
Mesh::type_iterator it = mesh_facets.firstType(spatial_dimension - 1, ghost_type);
Mesh::type_iterator end = mesh_facets.lastType(spatial_dimension - 1, ghost_type);
for(; it != end; ++it) {
ElementType type = *it;
UInt nb_facet = mesh_facets.getNbElement(type, ghost_type);
UInt nb_quadrature_points =
getFEEngine("FacetsFEEngine").getNbQuadraturePoints(type, ghost_type);
UInt new_size = nb_facet * nb_quadrature_points;
facet_stress(type, ghost_type).resize(new_size);
}
}
AKANTU_DEBUG_OUT();
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
void SolidMechanicsModelCohesive::addDumpGroupFieldToDumper(const std::string & dumper_name,
const std::string & field_id,
const std::string & group_name,
const ElementKind & element_kind,
bool padding_flag) {
AKANTU_DEBUG_IN();
UInt spatial_dimension = this->spatial_dimension;
ElementKind _element_kind = element_kind;
if (dumper_name == "cohesive elements") {
_element_kind = _ek_cohesive;
} else if (dumper_name == "facets") {
spatial_dimension = this->spatial_dimension - 1;
}
SolidMechanicsModel::addDumpGroupFieldToDumper(dumper_name,
field_id,
group_name,
spatial_dimension,
_element_kind,
padding_flag);
AKANTU_DEBUG_OUT();
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
void SolidMechanicsModelCohesive::onDump(){
this->flattenAllRegisteredInternals(_ek_cohesive);
SolidMechanicsModel::onDump();
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
__END_AKANTU__

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