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Fri, Jun 28, 17:07
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rAKA akantu
material_cohesive_linear.cc
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/**
* Copyright (©) 2012-2023 EPFL (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne)
* Laboratory (LSMS - Laboratoire de Simulation en Mécanique des Solides)
*
* This file is part of Akantu
*
* Akantu is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
* terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by the Free
* Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any
* later version.
*
* Akantu is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
* WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
* A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Lesser General Public License for more
* details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
* along with Akantu. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*/
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
#include "material_cohesive_linear.hh"
#include "dof_synchronizer.hh"
#include "solid_mechanics_model_cohesive.hh"
#include "sparse_matrix.hh"
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
#include <algorithm>
#include <numeric>
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
namespace
akantu
{
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
template
<
Int
dim
>
MaterialCohesiveLinear
<
dim
>::
MaterialCohesiveLinear
(
SolidMechanicsModel
&
model
,
const
ID
&
id
)
:
MaterialCohesive
(
model
,
id
),
sigma_c_eff
(
registerInternal
<
Real
,
CohesiveRandomInternalField
>
(
"sigma_c_eff"
,
1
)),
delta_c_eff
(
registerInternal
<
Real
,
CohesiveInternalField
>
(
"delta_c_eff"
,
1
)),
insertion_stress
(
registerInternal
<
Real
,
CohesiveInternalField
>
(
"insertion_stress"
,
dim
))
{
AKANTU_DEBUG_IN
();
this
->
registerParam
(
"beta"
,
beta
,
Real
(
0.
),
_pat_parsable
|
_pat_readable
,
"Beta parameter"
);
this
->
registerParam
(
"G_c"
,
G_c
,
Real
(
0.
),
_pat_parsable
|
_pat_readable
,
"Mode I fracture energy"
);
this
->
registerParam
(
"penalty"
,
penalty
,
Real
(
0.
),
_pat_parsable
|
_pat_readable
,
"Penalty coefficient"
);
this
->
registerParam
(
"volume_s"
,
volume_s
,
Real
(
0.
),
_pat_parsable
|
_pat_readable
,
"Reference volume for sigma_c scaling"
);
this
->
registerParam
(
"m_s"
,
m_s
,
Real
(
1.
),
_pat_parsable
|
_pat_readable
,
"Weibull exponent for sigma_c scaling"
);
this
->
registerParam
(
"kappa"
,
kappa
,
Real
(
1.
),
_pat_parsable
|
_pat_readable
,
"Kappa parameter"
);
this
->
registerParam
(
"contact_after_breaking"
,
contact_after_breaking
,
false
,
_pat_parsable
|
_pat_readable
,
"Activation of contact when the elements are fully damaged"
);
this
->
registerParam
(
"max_quad_stress_insertion"
,
max_quad_stress_insertion
,
false
,
_pat_parsable
|
_pat_readable
,
"Insertion of cohesive element when stress is high "
"enough just on one quadrature point"
);
this
->
registerParam
(
"recompute"
,
recompute
,
false
,
_pat_parsable
|
_pat_modifiable
,
"recompute solution"
);
this
->
use_previous_delta_max
=
true
;
AKANTU_DEBUG_OUT
();
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
template
<
Int
dim
>
void
MaterialCohesiveLinear
<
dim
>::
initMaterial
()
{
AKANTU_DEBUG_IN
();
MaterialCohesive
::
initMaterial
();
if
(
not
Math
::
are_float_equal
(
delta_c
,
0.
))
{
delta_c_eff
.
setDefaultValue
(
delta_c
);
}
else
{
Real
sigma_c
=
this
->
sigma_c
;
delta_c_eff
.
setDefaultValue
(
2
*
G_c
/
sigma_c
);
}
if
(
model
->
getIsExtrinsic
())
{
scaleInsertionTraction
();
}
AKANTU_DEBUG_OUT
();
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
template
<
Int
dim
>
void
MaterialCohesiveLinear
<
dim
>::
updateInternalParameters
()
{
/// compute scalars
beta2_kappa2
=
beta
*
beta
/
kappa
/
kappa
;
beta2_kappa
=
beta
*
beta
/
kappa
;
if
(
Math
::
are_float_equal
(
beta
,
0
))
{
beta2_inv
=
0
;
}
else
{
beta2_inv
=
1.
/
beta
/
beta
;
}
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
template
<
Int
dim
>
void
MaterialCohesiveLinear
<
dim
>::
scaleInsertionTraction
()
{
AKANTU_DEBUG_IN
();
// do nothing if volume_s hasn't been specified by the user
if
(
Math
::
are_float_equal
(
volume_s
,
0.
))
{
return
;
}
const
auto
&
mesh_facets
=
model
->
getMeshFacets
();
const
auto
&
fe_engine
=
model
->
getFEEngine
();
const
auto
&
fe_engine_facet
=
model
->
getFEEngine
(
"FacetsFEEngine"
);
for
(
const
auto
&
type_facet
:
mesh_facets
.
elementTypes
(
dim
-
1
))
{
const
auto
&
facet_to_element
=
mesh_facets
.
getElementToSubelement
(
type_facet
);
auto
nb_quad_per_facet
=
fe_engine_facet
.
getNbIntegrationPoints
(
type_facet
);
for
(
auto
data
:
enumerate
(
make_view
(
sigma_c
(
type_facet
),
nb_quad_per_facet
)))
{
auto
f
=
std
::
get
<
0
>
(
data
);
auto
&&
sigma_c
=
std
::
get
<
1
>
(
data
);
// compute bounding volume
Real
volume
=
0
;
for
(
auto
&&
elem
:
facet_to_element
(
f
))
{
if
(
elem
==
ElementNull
)
{
continue
;
}
// unit vector for integration in order to obtain the volume
auto
nb_quadrature_points
=
fe_engine
.
getNbIntegrationPoints
(
elem
.
type
);
Vector
<
Real
>
unit_vector
(
nb_quadrature_points
);
unit_vector
.
fill
(
1
);
volume
+=
fe_engine
.
integrate
(
unit_vector
,
elem
);
}
// scale sigma_c
Vector
<
Real
>
base_sigma_c_v
(
sigma_c
.
rows
());
sigma_c
=
(
sigma_c
.
colwise
()
-
base_sigma_c_v
)
*
std
::
pow
(
volume_s
/
volume
,
1.
/
m_s
)
+
base_sigma_c_v
;
}
}
AKANTU_DEBUG_OUT
();
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
template
<
Int
dim
>
// NOLINTNEXTLINE(readability-function-cognitive-complexity)
void
MaterialCohesiveLinear
<
dim
>::
checkInsertion
(
bool
check_only
)
{
AKANTU_DEBUG_IN
();
const
auto
&
mesh_facets
=
model
->
getMeshFacets
();
auto
&
inserter
=
model
->
getElementInserter
();
for
(
const
auto
&
type_facet
:
mesh_facets
.
elementTypes
(
dim
-
1
))
{
auto
type_cohesive
=
FEEngine
::
getCohesiveElementType
(
type_facet
);
const
auto
&
facets_check
=
inserter
.
getCheckFacets
(
type_facet
);
auto
&
f_insertion
=
inserter
.
getInsertionFacets
(
type_facet
);
auto
&
sig_c_eff
=
sigma_c_eff
(
type_cohesive
);
auto
&
del_c
=
delta_c_eff
(
type_cohesive
);
auto
&
ins_stress
=
insertion_stress
(
type_cohesive
);
auto
&
trac_old
=
tractions
.
previous
(
type_cohesive
);
const
auto
&
f_stress
=
model
->
getStressOnFacets
(
type_facet
);
const
auto
&
facet_filter_array
=
getFacetFilter
(
type_facet
);
const
auto
&
sigma_limit_array
=
sigma_c
(
type_facet
);
auto
nb_quad_facet
=
model
->
getFEEngine
(
"FacetsFEEngine"
).
getNbIntegrationPoints
(
type_facet
);
#ifndef AKANTU_NDEBUG
auto
nb_quad_cohesive
=
model
->
getFEEngine
(
"CohesiveFEEngine"
)
.
getNbIntegrationPoints
(
type_cohesive
);
AKANTU_DEBUG_ASSERT
(
nb_quad_cohesive
==
nb_quad_facet
,
"The cohesive element and the corresponding facet do "
"not have the same numbers of integration points"
);
#endif
Matrix
<
Real
,
dim
,
dim
>
stress_tmp
;
Matrix
<
Real
>
normal_traction
(
dim
,
nb_quad_facet
);
Vector
<
Real
>
stress_check
(
nb_quad_facet
);
const
auto
&
tangents
=
model
->
getTangents
(
type_facet
);
const
auto
&
normals
=
model
->
getFEEngine
(
"FacetsFEEngine"
)
.
getNormalsOnIntegrationPoints
(
type_facet
);
auto
normal_begin
=
make_view
<
dim
>
(
normals
).
begin
();
auto
tangent_begin
=
make_view
<
dim
,
(
dim
==
3
?
2
:
1
)
>
(
tangents
).
begin
();
auto
facet_stress_begin
=
make_view
(
f_stress
,
dim
,
dim
,
2
).
begin
();
std
::
vector
<
Real
>
new_sigmas
;
std
::
vector
<
Vector
<
Real
>>
new_normal_traction
;
std
::
vector
<
Real
>
new_delta_c
;
// loop over each facet belonging to this material
for
(
auto
&&
[
facet
,
sigma_limit
]
:
zip
(
facet_filter_array
,
sigma_limit_array
))
{
// skip facets where check shouldn't be realized
if
(
!
facets_check
(
facet
))
{
continue
;
}
// compute the effective norm on each quadrature point of the facet
for
(
Int
q
=
0
;
q
<
nb_quad_facet
;
++
q
)
{
auto
current_quad
=
facet
*
nb_quad_facet
+
q
;
auto
&&
normal
=
normal_begin
[
current_quad
];
auto
&&
tangent
=
tangent_begin
[
current_quad
];
auto
&&
facet_stress
=
facet_stress_begin
[
current_quad
];
// compute average stress on the current quadrature point
auto
&&
stress_1
=
facet_stress
(
0
);
auto
&&
stress_2
=
facet_stress
(
1
);
auto
&&
stress_avg
=
(
stress_1
+
stress_2
)
/
2.
;
// compute normal and effective stress
stress_check
(
q
)
=
computeEffectiveNorm
(
stress_avg
,
normal
,
tangent
,
normal_traction
(
q
));
}
// verify if the effective stress overcomes the threshold
auto
final_stress
=
stress_check
.
mean
();
if
(
max_quad_stress_insertion
)
{
final_stress
=
*
std
::
max_element
(
stress_check
.
begin
(),
stress_check
.
end
());
}
if
(
final_stress
>
sigma_limit
)
{
f_insertion
(
facet
)
=
true
;
if
(
check_only
)
{
continue
;
}
// store the new cohesive material parameters for each quadrature
// point
for
(
Int
q
=
0
;
q
<
nb_quad_facet
;
++
q
)
{
auto
new_sigma
=
stress_check
(
q
);
auto
&&
normal_traction_vec
=
normal_traction
(
q
);
if
(
dim
!=
3
)
{
normal_traction_vec
*=
-
1.
;
}
new_sigmas
.
push_back
(
new_sigma
);
new_normal_traction
.
emplace_back
(
normal_traction_vec
);
Real
new_delta
{};
// set delta_c in function of G_c or a given delta_c value
if
(
Math
::
are_float_equal
(
delta_c
,
0.
))
{
new_delta
=
2
*
G_c
/
new_sigma
;
}
else
{
new_delta
=
sigma_limit
/
new_sigma
*
delta_c
;
}
new_delta_c
.
push_back
(
new_delta
);
}
}
}
// update material data for the new elements
auto
old_nb_quad_points
=
sig_c_eff
.
size
();
Int
new_nb_quad_points
=
Int
(
new_sigmas
.
size
());
sig_c_eff
.
resize
(
old_nb_quad_points
+
new_nb_quad_points
);
ins_stress
.
resize
(
old_nb_quad_points
+
new_nb_quad_points
);
trac_old
.
resize
(
old_nb_quad_points
+
new_nb_quad_points
);
del_c
.
resize
(
old_nb_quad_points
+
new_nb_quad_points
);
for
(
Int
q
=
0
;
q
<
new_nb_quad_points
;
++
q
)
{
sig_c_eff
(
old_nb_quad_points
+
q
)
=
new_sigmas
[
q
];
del_c
(
old_nb_quad_points
+
q
)
=
new_delta_c
[
q
];
for
(
Int
d
=
0
;
d
<
dim
;
++
d
)
{
ins_stress
(
old_nb_quad_points
+
q
,
d
)
=
new_normal_traction
[
q
](
d
);
trac_old
(
old_nb_quad_points
+
q
,
d
)
=
new_normal_traction
[
q
](
d
);
}
}
}
AKANTU_DEBUG_OUT
();
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
template
<
Int
dim
>
void
MaterialCohesiveLinear
<
dim
>::
computeTraction
(
ElementType
el_type
,
GhostType
ghost_type
)
{
for
(
auto
&&
args
:
getArguments
(
el_type
,
ghost_type
))
{
this
->
computeTractionOnQuad
(
args
);
}
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
template
<
Int
dim
>
void
MaterialCohesiveLinear
<
dim
>::
computeTangentTraction
(
ElementType
el_type
,
Array
<
Real
>
&
tangent_matrix
,
GhostType
ghost_type
)
{
AKANTU_DEBUG_IN
();
for
(
auto
&&
[
args
,
tangent
]
:
zip
(
getArguments
(
el_type
,
ghost_type
),
make_view
<
dim
,
dim
>
(
tangent_matrix
)))
{
computeTangentTractionOnQuad
(
tangent
,
args
);
}
AKANTU_DEBUG_OUT
();
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
template
class
MaterialCohesiveLinear
<
1
>
;
template
class
MaterialCohesiveLinear
<
2
>
;
template
class
MaterialCohesiveLinear
<
3
>
;
const
bool
material_is_alocated_cohesive_linear
[[
maybe_unused
]]
=
instantiateMaterial
<
MaterialCohesiveLinear
>
(
"cohesive_linear"
);
}
// namespace akantu
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