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rAKA/test/test_model/test_solid_mechanics_model/test_solid_mechanics_model_material_eigenstrain.cc
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test_solid_mechanics_model_material_eigenstrain.cc
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/**
* @file test_solid_mechanics_model_material_eigenstrain.cc
*
* @author Aurelia Isabel Cuba Ramos <aurelia.cubaramos@epfl.ch>
* @author Nicolas Richart <nicolas.richart@epfl.ch>
*
* @date creation: Sat Apr 16 2011
* @date last modification: Sat Dec 19 2020
*
* @brief test the internal field prestrain
*
*
* @section LICENSE
*
* Copyright (©) 2010-2021 EPFL (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne)
* Laboratory (LSMS - Laboratoire de Simulation en Mécanique des Solides)
*
* Akantu is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
* terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by the Free
* Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any
* later version.
*
* Akantu is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
* WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
* A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Lesser General Public License for more
* details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
* along with Akantu. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*
*/
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
#include "mesh_utils.hh"
#include "non_linear_solver.hh"
#include "solid_mechanics_model.hh"
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
using namespace akantu;
Real alpha[3][4] = {{0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04},
{0.05, 0.06, 0.07, 0.08},
{0.09, 0.10, 0.11, 0.12}};
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
template <ElementType type> static Matrix<Real> prescribed_strain() {
UInt spatial_dimension = ElementClass<type>::getSpatialDimension();
Matrix<Real> strain(spatial_dimension, spatial_dimension);
for (UInt i = 0; i < spatial_dimension; ++i) {
for (UInt j = 0; j < spatial_dimension; ++j) {
strain(i, j) = alpha[i][j + 1];
}
}
return strain;
}
template <ElementType type>
static Matrix<Real> prescribed_stress(Matrix<Real> prescribed_eigengradu) {
UInt spatial_dimension = ElementClass<type>::getSpatialDimension();
Matrix<Real> stress(spatial_dimension, spatial_dimension);
// plane strain in 2d
Matrix<Real> strain(spatial_dimension, spatial_dimension);
Matrix<Real> pstrain;
pstrain = prescribed_strain<type>();
Real nu = 0.3;
Real E = 2.1e11;
Real trace = 0;
/// symetric part of the strain tensor
for (UInt i = 0; i < spatial_dimension; ++i)
for (UInt j = 0; j < spatial_dimension; ++j)
strain(i, j) = 0.5 * (pstrain(i, j) + pstrain(j, i));
// elastic strain is equal to elastic strain minus the eigenstrain
strain -= prescribed_eigengradu;
for (UInt i = 0; i < spatial_dimension; ++i)
trace += strain(i, i);
Real lambda = nu * E / ((1 + nu) * (1 - 2 * nu));
Real mu = E / (2 * (1 + nu));
if (spatial_dimension == 1) {
stress(0, 0) = E * strain(0, 0);
} else {
for (UInt i = 0; i < spatial_dimension; ++i)
for (UInt j = 0; j < spatial_dimension; ++j) {
stress(i, j) = (i == j) * lambda * trace + 2 * mu * strain(i, j);
}
}
return stress;
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
int main(int argc, char * argv[]) {
initialize("material_elastic_plane_strain.dat", argc, argv);
UInt dim = 3;
const ElementType element_type = _tetrahedron_4;
Matrix<Real> prescribed_eigengradu(dim, dim);
prescribed_eigengradu.set(0.1);
/// load mesh
Mesh mesh(dim);
mesh.read("cube_3d_tet_4.msh");
/// declaration of model
SolidMechanicsModel model(mesh);
/// model initialization
model.initFull(_analysis_method = _static);
// model.getNewSolver("static", TimeStepSolverType::_static,
// NonLinearSolverType::_newton_raphson_modified);
auto & solver = model.getNonLinearSolver("static");
solver.set("threshold", 2e-4);
solver.set("max_iterations", 2);
solver.set("convergence_type", SolveConvergenceCriteria::_residual);
const Array<Real> & coordinates = mesh.getNodes();
Array<Real> & displacement = model.getDisplacement();
Array<bool> & boundary = model.getBlockedDOFs();
MeshUtils::buildFacets(mesh);
mesh.createBoundaryGroupFromGeometry();
// Loop over (Sub)Boundar(ies)
for (auto & group : mesh.iterateElementGroups()) {
for (const auto & n : group.getNodeGroup()) {
std::cout << "Node " << n << std::endl;
for (UInt i = 0; i < dim; ++i) {
displacement(n, i) = alpha[i][0];
for (UInt j = 0; j < dim; ++j) {
displacement(n, i) += alpha[i][j + 1] * coordinates(n, j);
}
boundary(n, i) = true;
}
}
}
/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
/* Apply eigenstrain in each element */
/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
Array<Real> & eigengradu_vect =
model.getMaterial(0).getInternal<Real>("eigen_grad_u")(element_type);
auto eigengradu_it = eigengradu_vect.begin(dim, dim);
auto eigengradu_end = eigengradu_vect.end(dim, dim);
for (; eigengradu_it != eigengradu_end; ++eigengradu_it) {
*eigengradu_it = prescribed_eigengradu;
}
/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
/* Static solve */
/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
model.solveStep();
std::cout << "Converged in " << Int(solver.get("nb_iterations")) << " ("
<< Real(solver.get("error")) << ")" << std::endl;
/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
/* Checks */
/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
const Array<Real> & stress_vect =
model.getMaterial(0).getStress(element_type);
auto stress_it = stress_vect.begin(dim, dim);
auto stress_end = stress_vect.end(dim, dim);
Matrix<Real> presc_stress;
presc_stress = prescribed_stress<element_type>(prescribed_eigengradu);
Real stress_tolerance = 1e-13;
for (; stress_it != stress_end; ++stress_it) {
const auto & stress = *stress_it;
Matrix<Real> diff(dim, dim);
diff = stress;
diff -= presc_stress;
Real stress_error = diff.norm<L_inf>() / stress.norm<L_inf>();
if (stress_error > stress_tolerance) {
std::cerr << "stress error: " << stress_error << " > " << stress_tolerance
<< std::endl;
std::cerr << "stress: " << stress << std::endl
<< "prescribed stress: " << presc_stress << std::endl;
return EXIT_FAILURE;
} // else {
// std::cerr << "stress error: " << stress_error
// << " < " << stress_tolerance << std::endl;
// }
}
finalize();
return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}
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