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structural_mechanics_dynamics.py
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			#!/usr/bin/env python
			__copyright__ = (
			"Copyright (©) 2021-2023 EPFL (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne)"
			"Laboratory (LSMS - Laboratoire de Simulation en Mécanique des Solides)"
			)
			__license__ = "LGPLv3"


			import numpy as np
			try:
			import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
			has_matplotlib = True
			except ImportError:
			has_matplotlib = False
			import akantu as aka

			# ### Creating the Mesh
			# Create a mesh for the two dimensional case
			el_type = aka._bernoulli_beam_2
			beam = aka.Mesh(2)

			# We now create the connectivity array for the beam.
			beam.addConnectivityType(el_type)

			# We need a `MeshAccessor` in order to change the size of the mesh entities.
			beamAcc = aka.MeshAccessor(beam)

			# Now we create the array to store the nodes and the connectivities and give
			# them their size.
			nb_elem = 40
			L = 2
			beamAcc.resizeConnectivity(nb_elem, el_type)
			beamAcc.resizeNodes(nb_elem + 1)

			# #### Setting the Nodes
			Nodes = beam.getNodes()
			length = L / nb_elem
			Nodes[:, :] = 0.
			Nodes[:, 0] = np.arange(nb_elem+1) * length

			# #### Setting the Connections
			Conn = beam.getConnectivity(el_type)

			for e in range(nb_elem):
			Conn[e, :] = [e, e + 1]

			# #### Ready
			# We have to make the mesh ready.
			beamAcc.makeReady()

			# ### Creating the Model
			model = aka.StructuralMechanicsModel(beam)

			if el_type == aka._bernoulli_beam_3:
			normal = beam.getDataReal("extra_normal", el_type)

			for e in range(nb_elem):
			normal[e, :] = [0, 0, 1]

			# #### Setting up the Modell
			# ##### Creating and Inserting the Materials
			mat1 = aka.StructuralMaterial()
			mat1.E = 1e9
			mat1.rho = 10.
			mat1.I = 1. # noqa: E741
			mat1.Iz = 1.
			mat1.Iy = 1.
			mat1.A = 1.
			mat1.GJ = 1.
			model.addMaterial(mat1, 'mat1')

			# ##### Initializing the Model
			model.initFull(aka.AnalysisMethod._implicit_dynamic)

			# ##### Assigning the Materials
			materials = model.getElementMaterial(el_type)
			materials[:, :] = 0

			# ##### Setting Boundaries
			# Neumann
			F = 1e4
			no_print = int(nb_elem / 2)

			# Apply a force of `10` at the last (right most) node.
			forces = model.getExternalForce()
			forces[:, :] = 0
			forces[no_print, 1] = F

			# Dirichlets
			# Block all dofs of the first node, since it is fixed.
			# All other nodes have no restrictions
			boundary = model.getBlockedDOFs()
			boundary[:, :] = False

			boundary[0, 0] = True
			boundary[0, 1] = True

			if el_type == aka._bernoulli_beam_3:
			boundary[0, 2] = True

			boundary[nb_elem, 1] = True

			# ### Solving the System
			# Set up the system
			deltaT = 1e-6
			model.setTimeStep(deltaT)
			solver = model.getNonLinearSolver()
			solver.set("max_iterations", 100)
			solver.set("threshold", 1e-8)
			solver.set("convergence_type", aka.SolveConvergenceCriteria.solution)

			model.assembleMatrix("M")
			M_ = model.getDOFManager().getMatrix("M")
			M = aka.AkantuSparseMatrix(M_)

			model.assembleMatrix("K")
			K_ = model.getDOFManager().getMatrix("K")
			K = aka.AkantuSparseMatrix(K_)

			C_ = model.getDOFManager().getMatrix("C")
			C_.add(M_, 0.00001)
			C_.add(K_, 0.00001)


			def analytical_solution(time, L=1., rho=1.,
			E=1., A=1., I=1., F=1.): # noqa: E741
			"""Compute the analytical solution of the beam bending at a give time."""
			omega = np.pi2 / L2 * np.sqrt(E * I / rho)
			sum = 0.
			N = 110
			for n in range(1, N, 2):
			sum += (1. - np.cos(n * n * omega * time)) / n**4

			return 2. * F * L3 / np.pi4 / E / I * sum


			# Perform N time steps.
			# At each step records the displacement of all three nodes in x direction.
			N = 900

			mat1 = model.getMaterial('mat1')

			disp = model.getDisplacement()
			velo = model.getVelocity()
			disp[:, :] = 0.

			displs = np.zeros(N)

			ekin = np.zeros(N)
			epot = np.zeros(N)
			ework = np.zeros(N)
			_ework = 0.

			for i in range(1, N):
			model.solveStep()
			displs[i] = disp[no_print, 1]

			_ework += F * velo[no_print, 1] * deltaT

			ekin[i] = model.getEnergy("kinetic")
			epot[i] = model.getEnergy("potential")
			ework[i] = _ework


			def sol(x):
			"""Wrap the call to the analytical solution using mat1."""
			return analytical_solution(x, L=L, rho=mat1.rho, E=mat1.E,
			A=mat1.A, I=mat1.I, F=F)


			if has_matplotlib:
			times = np.arange(N) * deltaT
			plt.plot(times, sol(times))
			plt.plot(times, displs)
			plt.plot(times, displs - sol(times))

			# What I do not fully understand is why the middle node first go backwards
			# until it goes forward. I could imagine that there is some vibration,
			# because everything is in rest.
			np.max(displs - sol(times))
			plt.plot(times, ekin+epot)
			plt.plot(times, ework)

rAKA/examples/python/structural_mechanics/structural_mechanics_dynamics.pya8660d48ad0cfeatures/issue-template

structural_mechanics_dynamics.pyView Options

rAKA/examples/python/structural_mechanics/structural_mechanics_dynamics.py
a8660d48ad0cfeatures/issue-template

structural_mechanics_dynamics.py
View Options