.. _app-elements: Shape Functions =============== Schematic overview of all the element types defined in `Akantu` is described in Section :ref:`sec-elements`. In this appendix, more detailed information (shape function, location of Gaussian quadrature points, and so on) of each of these types is listed. For each element type, the coordinates of the nodes are given in the iso-parametric frame of reference, together with the shape functions (and their derivatives) on these respective nodes. Also all the Gaussian quadrature points within each element are assigned (together with the weight that is applied on these points). The graphical representations of all the element types can be found in Section :ref:`sec-elements`. Iso-parametric Elements ----------------------- 1D-Shape Functions `````````````````` Segment 2 ''''''''' .. list-table:: Elements properties :header-rows: 1 * - Node (:math:`i`) - Coord. (:math:`\xi`) - Shape function (:math:`N_i`) - Derivative (:math:`\frac{\partial N_i}{\partial \xi}`) * - 1 - -1 - :math:`\frac{1}{2}\left(1-\xi\right)` - :math:`-\frac{1}{2}` * - 2 - 1 - :math:`\frac{1}{2}\left(1+\xi\right)` - :math:`\frac{1}{2}` .. list-table:: Gaussian quadrature points :align: center * - Coord. (:math:`\xi`) - Weight * - 0 - 2 Segment 3 ''''''''' .. list-table:: Elements properties :header-rows: 1 * - Node (:math:`i`) - Coord. (:math:`\xi`) - Shape function (:math:`N_i`) - Derivative (:math:`\frac{\partial N_i}{\partial \xi}`) * - 1 - -1 - :math:`\frac{1}{2}\xi\left(\xi-1\right)` - :math:`\xi-\frac{1}{2}` * - 2 - 1 - :math:`\frac{1}{2}\xi\left(\xi+1\right)` - :math:`\xi+\frac{1}{2}` * - 3 - 0 - :math:`1-\xi^{2}` - :math:`-2\xi` .. list-table:: Gaussian quadrature points :align: center * - Coord. (:math:`\xi`) - Weight * - :math:`-1/\sqrt{3}` - 1 * - :math:`1/\sqrt{3}` - 1 2D-Shape Functions `````````````````` Triangle 3 '''''''''' .. list-table:: Elements properties :header-rows: 1 * - Node (:math:`i`) - Coord. (:math:`\xi`, :math:`\eta`) - Shape function (:math:`N_i`) - Derivative (:math:`\frac{\partial N_i}{\partial \xi}`, :math:`\frac{\partial N_i}{\partial \eta}`) * - 1 - (:math:`0`, :math:`0`) - :math:`1-\xi-\eta` - (:math:`-1`, :math:`-1`) * - 2 - (:math:`1`, :math:`0`) - :math:`\xi` - (:math:`1`, :math:`0`) * - 3 - (:math:`0`, :math:`1`) - :math:`\eta` - (:math:`0`, :math:`1`) .. list-table:: Gaussian quadrature points :align: center * - Coord. (:math:`\xi`, :math:`\eta`) - Weight * - (:math:`\frac{1}{3}`, :math:`\frac{1}{3}`) - :math:`\frac{1}{2}` Triangle 6 '''''''''' .. list-table:: Elements properties :header-rows: 1 * - Node (:math:`i`) - Coord. (:math:`\xi`, :math:`\eta`) - Shape function (:math:`N_i`) - Derivative (:math:`\frac{\partial N_i}{\partial \xi}`, :math:`\frac{\partial N_i}{\partial \eta}`) * - 1 - (:math:`0`, :math:`0`) - :math:`-\left(1-\xi-\eta\right)\left(1-2\left(1-\xi-\eta\right)\right)` - (:math:`1-4\left(1-\xi-\eta\right)`, :math:`1-4\left(1-\xi-\eta\right)`) * - 2 - (:math:`1`, :math:`0`) - :math:`-\xi\left(1-2\xi\right)` - (:math:`4\xi-1`, :math:`0`) * - 3 - (:math:`0`, :math:`1`) - :math:`-\eta\left(1-2\eta\right)` - (:math:`0`, :math:`4\eta-1`) * - 4 - (:math:`\frac{1}{2}`, :math:`0`) - :math:`4\xi\left(1-\xi-\eta\right)` - (:math:`4\left(1-2\xi-\eta\right)`, :math:`-4\xi`) * - 5 - (:math:`\frac{1}{2}`, :math:`\frac{1}{2}`) - :math:`4\xi\eta` - (:math:`4\eta`, :math:`4\xi`) * - 6 - (:math:`0`, :math:`\frac{1}{2}`) - :math:`4\eta\left(1-\xi-\eta\right)` - (:math:`-4\eta`, :math:`4\left(1-\xi-2\eta\right)`) .. list-table:: Gaussian quadrature points :align: center * - Coord. (:math:`\xi`, :math:`\eta`) - Weight * - (:math:`\frac{1}{6}`, :math:`\frac{1}{6}`) - :math:`\frac{1}{6}` * - (:math:`\frac{2}{3}`, :math:`\frac{1}{6}`) - :math:`\frac{1}{6}` * - (:math:`\frac{1}{6}`, :math:`\frac{2}{3}`) - :math:`\frac{1}{6}` Quadrangle 4 '''''''''''' .. list-table:: Elements properties :header-rows: 1 * - Node (:math:`i`) - Coord. (:math:`\xi`, :math:`\eta`) - Shape function (:math:`N_i`) - Derivative (:math:`\frac{\partial N_i}{\partial \xi}`, :math:`\frac{\partial N_i}{\partial \eta}`) * - 1 - (:math:`-1`, :math:`-1`) - :math:`\frac{1}{4}\left(1-\xi\right)\left(1-\eta\right)` - (:math:`-\frac{1}{4}\left(1-\eta\right)`, :math:`-\frac{1}{4}\left(1-\xi\right)`) * - 2 - (:math:`1`, :math:`-1`) - :math:`\frac{1}{4}\left(1+\xi\right)\left(1-\eta\right)` - (:math:`\frac{1}{4}\left(1-\eta\right)`, :math:`-\frac{1}{4}\left(1+\xi\right)`) * - 3 - (:math:`1`, :math:`1`) - :math:`\frac{1}{4}\left(1+\xi\right)\left(1+\eta\right)` - (:math:`\frac{1}{4}\left(1+\eta\right)`, :math:`\frac{1}{4}\left(1+\xi\right)`) * - 4 - (:math:`-1`, :math:`1`) - :math:`\frac{1}{4}\left(1-\xi\right)\left(1+\eta\right)` - (:math:`-\frac{1}{4}\left(1+\eta\right)`, :math:`\frac{1}{4}\left(1-\xi\right)`) .. list-table:: Gaussian quadrature points :align: center * - Coord. (:math:`\xi`, :math:`\eta`) - Weight * - (:math:`-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}`, :math:`-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}`) - 1 * - (:math:`\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}`, :math:`-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}`) - 1 * - (:math:`\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}`, :math:`\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}`) - 1 * - (:math:`-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}`, :math:`\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}`) - 1 Quadrangle 8 '''''''''''' .. list-table:: Elements properties :header-rows: 1 * - Node (:math:`i`) - Coord. (:math:`\xi`, :math:`\eta`) - Shape function (:math:`N_i`) - Derivative (:math:`\frac{\partial N_i}{\partial \xi}`, :math:`\frac{\partial N_i}{\partial \eta}`) * - 1 - (:math:`-1`, :math:`-1`) - :math:`\frac{1}{4}\left(1-\xi\right)\left(1-\eta\right)\left(-1-\xi-\eta\right)` - (:math:`\frac{1}{4}\left(1-\eta\right)\left(2\xi+\eta\right)`, :math:`\frac{1}{4}\left(1-\xi\right)\left(\xi+2\eta\right)`) * - 2 - (:math:`1`, :math:`-1`) - :math:`\frac{1}{4}\left(1+\xi\right)\left(1-\eta\right)\left(-1+\xi-\eta\right)` - (:math:`\frac{1}{4}\left(1-\eta\right)\left(2\xi-\eta\right)`, :math:`-\frac{1}{4}\left(1+\xi\right)\left(\xi-2\eta\right)`) * - 3 - (:math:`1`, :math:`1`) - :math:`\frac{1}{4}\left(1+\xi\right)\left(1+\eta\right)\left(-1+\xi+\eta\right)` - (:math:`\frac{1}{4}\left(1+\eta\right)\left(2\xi+\eta\right)`, :math:`\frac{1}{4}\left(1+\xi\right)\left(\xi+2\eta\right)`) * - 4 - (:math:`-1`, :math:`1`) - :math:`\frac{1}{4}\left(1-\xi\right)\left(1+\eta\right)\left(-1-\xi+\eta\right)` - (:math:`\frac{1}{4}\left(1+\eta\right)\left(2\xi-\eta\right)`, :math:`-\frac{1}{4}\left(1-\xi\right)\left(\xi-2\eta\right)`) * - 5 - (:math:`0`, :math:`-1`) - :math:`\frac{1}{2}\left(1-\xi^{2}\right)\left(1-\eta\right)` - (:math:`-\xi\left(1-\eta\right)`, :math:`-\frac{1}{2}\left(1-\xi^{2}\right)`) * - 6 - (:math:`1`, :math:`0`) - :math:`\frac{1}{2}\left(1+\xi\right)\left(1-\eta^{2}\right)` - (:math:`\frac{1}{2}\left(1-\eta^{2}\right)`, :math:`-\eta\left(1+\xi\right)`) * - 7 - (:math:`0`, :math:`1`) - :math:`\frac{1}{2}\left(1-\xi^{2}\right)\left(1+\eta\right)` - (:math:`-\xi\left(1+\eta\right)`, :math:`\frac{1}{2}\left(1-\xi^{2}\right)`) * - 8 - (:math:`-1`, :math:`0`) - :math:`\frac{1}{2}\left(1-\xi\right)\left(1-\eta^{2}\right)` - (:math:`-\frac{1}{2}\left(1-\eta^{2}\right)`, :math:`-\eta\left(1-\xi\right)`) .. list-table:: Gaussian quadrature points :align: center * - Coord. (:math:`\xi`, :math:`\eta`) - Weight * - (:math:`0`, :math:`0`) - :math:`\frac{64}{81}` * - (:math:`\sqrt{\tfrac{3}{5}}`, :math:`\sqrt{\tfrac{3}{5}}`) - :math:`\frac{25}{81}` * - (:math:`-\sqrt{\tfrac{3}{5}}`, :math:`\sqrt{\tfrac{3}{5}}`) - :math:`\frac{25}{81}` * - (:math:`-\sqrt{\tfrac{3}{5}}`, :math:`-\sqrt{\tfrac{3}{5}}`) - :math:`\frac{25}{81}` * - (:math:`\sqrt{\tfrac{3}{5}}`, :math:`-\sqrt{\tfrac{3}{5}}`) - :math:`\frac{25}{81}` * - (:math:`0`, :math:`\sqrt{\tfrac{3}{5}}`) - :math:`\frac{40}{81}` * - (:math:`-\sqrt{\tfrac{3}{5}}`, :math:`0`) - :math:`\frac{40}{81}` * - (:math:`0`, :math:`-\sqrt{\tfrac{3}{5}}`) - :math:`\frac{40}{81}` * - (:math:`\sqrt{\tfrac{3}{5}}`, :math:`0`) - :math:`\frac{40}{81}` 3D-Shape Functions `````````````````` Tetrahedron 4 ''''''''''''' .. list-table:: Elements properties :header-rows: 1 * - Node (:math:`i`) - Coord. (:math:`\xi`, :math:`\eta`, :math:`\zeta`) - Shape function (:math:`N_i`) - Derivative (:math:`\frac{\partial N_i}{\partial \xi}`, :math:`\frac{\partial N_i}{\partial \eta}`, :math:`\frac{\partial N_i}{\partial \zeta}`) * - 1 - (:math:`0`, :math:`0`, :math:`0`) - :math:`1-\xi-\eta-\zeta` - (:math:`-1`, :math:`-1`, :math:`-1`) * - 2 - (:math:`1`, :math:`0`, :math:`0`) - :math:`\xi` - (:math:`1`, :math:`0`, :math:`0`) * - 3 - (:math:`0`, :math:`1`, :math:`0`) - :math:`\eta` - (:math:`0`, :math:`1`, :math:`0`) * - 4 - (:math:`0`, :math:`0`, :math:`1`) - :math:`\zeta` - (:math:`0`, :math:`0`, :math:`1`) .. list-table:: Gaussian quadrature points :align: center * - Coord. (:math:`\xi`, :math:`\eta`, :math:`\zeta`) - Weight * - (:math:`\frac{1}{4}`, :math:`\frac{1}{4}`, :math:`\frac{1}{4}`) - :math:`\frac{1}{6}` Tetrahedron 10 '''''''''''''' .. list-table:: Elements properties :header-rows: 1 * - Node (:math:`i`) - Coord. (:math:`\xi`, :math:`\eta`, :math:`\zeta`) - Shape function (:math:`N_i`) - Derivative (:math:`\frac{\partial N_i}{\partial \xi}`, :math:`\frac{\partial N_i}{\partial \eta}`, :math:`\frac{\partial N_i}{\partial \zeta}`) * - 1 - (:math:`0`, :math:`0`, :math:`0`) - :math:`\left(1-\xi-\eta-\zeta\right)\left(1-2\xi-2\eta-2\zeta\right)` - :math:`4\xi+4\eta+4\zeta-3`, :math:`4\xi+4\eta+4\zeta-3`, :math:`4\xi+4\eta+4\zeta-3` * - 2 - (:math:`1`, :math:`0`, :math:`0`) - :math:`\xi\left(2\xi-1\right)` - (:math:`4\xi-1`, :math:`0`, :math:`0`) * - 3 - (:math:`0`, :math:`1`, :math:`0`) - :math:`\eta\left(2\eta-1\right)` - (:math:`0`, :math:`4\eta-1`, :math:`0`) * - 4 - (:math:`0`, :math:`0`, :math:`1`) - :math:`\zeta\left(2\zeta-1\right)` - (:math:`0`, :math:`0`, :math:`4\zeta-1`) * - 5 - (:math:`\frac{1}{2}`, :math:`0`, :math:`0`) - :math:`4\xi\left(1-\xi-\eta-\zeta\right)` - (:math:`4-8\xi-4\eta-4\zeta`, :math:`-4\xi`, :math:`-4\xi`) * - 6 - (:math:`\frac{1}{2}`, :math:`\frac{1}{2}`, :math:`0`) - :math:`4\xi\eta` - (:math:`4\eta`, :math:`4\xi`, :math:`0`) * - 7 - (:math:`0`, :math:`\frac{1}{2}`, :math:`0`) - :math:`4\eta\left(1-\xi-\eta-\zeta\right)` - (:math:`-4\eta`, :math:`4-4\xi-8\eta-4\zeta`, :math:`-4\eta`) * - 8 - (:math:`0`, :math:`0`, :math:`\frac{1}{2}`) - :math:`4\zeta\left(1-\xi-\eta-\zeta\right)` - (:math:`-4\zeta`, :math:`-4\zeta`, :math:`4-4\xi-4\eta-8\zeta`) * - 9 - (:math:`\frac{1}{2}`, :math:`0`, :math:`\frac{1}{2}`) - :math:`4\xi\zeta` - (:math:`4\zeta`, :math:`0`, :math:`4\xi`) * - 10 - (:math:`0`, :math:`\frac{1}{2}`, :math:`\frac{1}{2}`) - :math:`4\eta\zeta` - (:math:`0`, :math:`4\zeta`, :math:`4\eta`) .. list-table:: Gaussian quadrature points :align: center * - Coord. (:math:`\xi`, :math:`\eta`, :math:`\zeta`) - Weight * - (:math:`\frac{5-\sqrt{5}}{20}`, :math:`\frac{5-\sqrt{5}}{20}`, :math:`\frac{5-\sqrt{5}}{20}`) - :math:`\frac{1}{24}` * - (:math:`\frac{5+3\sqrt{5}}{20}`, :math:`\frac{5-\sqrt{5}}{20}`, :math:`\frac{5-\sqrt{5}}{20}`) - :math:`\frac{1}{24}` * - (:math:`\frac{5-\sqrt{5}}{20}`, :math:`\frac{5+3\sqrt{5}}{20}`, :math:`\frac{5-\sqrt{5}}{20}`) - :math:`\frac{1}{24}` * - (:math:`\frac{5-\sqrt{5}}{20}`, :math:`\frac{5-\sqrt{5}}{20}`, :math:`\frac{5+3\sqrt{5}}{20}`) - :math:`\frac{1}{24}` Hexahedron 8 '''''''''''' .. list-table:: Elements properties :header-rows: 1 * - Node (:math:`i`) - Coord. (:math:`\xi`, :math:`\eta`, :math:`\zeta`) - Shape function (:math:`N_i`) - Derivative (:math:`\frac{\partial N_i}{\partial \xi}`, :math:`\frac{\partial N_i}{\partial \eta}`, :math:`\frac{\partial N_i}{\partial \zeta}`) * - 1 - (:math:`-1`, :math:`-1`, :math:`-1`) - :math:`\frac{1}{8}\left(1-\xi\right)\left(1-\eta\right)\left(1-\zeta\right)` - (:math:`-\frac{1}{8}\left(1-\eta\right)\left(1-\zeta\right)`, :math:`-\frac{1}{8}\left(1-\xi\right)\left(1-\zeta\right)`, :math:`3`) * - 2 - (:math:`1`, :math:`-1`, :math:`-1`) - :math:`\frac{1}{8}\left(1+\xi\right)\left(1-\eta\right)\left(1-\zeta\right)` - (:math:`\frac{1}{8}\left(1-\eta\right)\left(1-\zeta\right)`, :math:`-\frac{1}{8}\left(1+\xi\right)\left(1-\zeta\right)`, :math:`3`) * - 3 - (:math:`1`, :math:`1`, :math:`-1`) - :math:`\frac{1}{8}\left(1+\xi\right)\left(1+\eta\right)\left(1-\zeta\right)` - (:math:`\frac{1}{8}\left(1+\eta\right)\left(1-\zeta\right)`, :math:`\frac{1}{8}\left(1+\xi\right)\left(1-\zeta\right)`, :math:`3`) * - 4 - (:math:`-1`, :math:`1`, :math:`-1`) - :math:`\frac{1}{8}\left(1-\xi\right)\left(1+\eta\right)\left(1-\zeta\right)` - (:math:`-\frac{1}{8}\left(1+\eta\right)\left(1-\zeta\right)`, :math:`\frac{1}{8}\left(1-\xi\right)\left(1-\zeta\right)`, :math:`3`) * - 5 - (:math:`-1`, :math:`-1`, :math:`1`) - :math:`\frac{1}{8}\left(1-\xi\right)\left(1-\eta\right)\left(1+\zeta\right)` - (:math:`-\frac{1}{8}\left(1-\eta\right)\left(1+\zeta\right)`, :math:`-\frac{1}{8}\left(1-\xi\right)\left(1+\zeta\right)`, :math:`3`) * - 6 - (:math:`1`, :math:`-1`, :math:`1`) - :math:`\frac{1}{8}\left(1+\xi\right)\left(1-\eta\right)\left(1+\zeta\right)` - (:math:`\frac{1}{8}\left(1-\eta\right)\left(1+\zeta\right)`, :math:`-\frac{1}{8}\left(1+\xi\right)\left(1+\zeta\right)`, :math:`3`) * - 7 - (:math:`1`, :math:`1`, :math:`1`) - :math:`\frac{1}{8}\left(1+\xi\right)\left(1+\eta\right)\left(1+\zeta\right)` - (:math:`\frac{1}{8}\left(1+\eta\right)\left(1+\zeta\right)`, :math:`\frac{1}{8}\left(1+\xi\right)\left(1+\zeta\right)`, :math:`3`) * - 8 - (:math:`-1`, :math:`1`, :math:`1`) - :math:`\frac{1}{8}\left(1-\xi\right)\left(1+\eta\right)\left(1+\zeta\right)` - (:math:`-\frac{1}{8}\left(1+\eta\right)\left(1+\zeta\right)`, :math:`\frac{1}{8}\left(1-\xi\right)\left(1+\zeta\right)`, :math:`3`) .. list-table:: Gaussian quadrature points :align: center * - Coord. (:math:`\xi`, :math:`\eta`, :math:`\zeta`) - Weight * - (:math:`-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}`, :math:`-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}`, :math:`-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}`) - 1 * - (:math:`\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}`, :math:`-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}`, :math:`-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}`) - 1 * - (:math:`\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}`, :math:`\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}`, :math:`-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}`) - 1 * - (:math:`-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}`, :math:`\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}`, :math:`-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}`) - 1 * - (:math:`-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}`, :math:`-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}`, :math:`\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}`) - 1 * - (:math:`\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}`, :math:`-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}`, :math:`\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}`) - 1 * - (:math:`\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}`, :math:`\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}`, :math:`\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}`) - 1 * - (:math:`-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}`, :math:`\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}`, :math:`\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}`) - 1 Pentahedron 6 ''''''''''''' .. list-table:: Elements properties :header-rows: 1 * - Node (:math:`i`) - Coord. (:math:`\xi`, :math:`\eta`, :math:`\zeta`) - Shape function (:math:`N_i`) - Derivative (:math:`\frac{\partial N_i}{\partial \xi}`, :math:`\frac{\partial N_i}{\partial \eta}`, :math:`\frac{\partial N_i}{\partial \zeta}`) * - 1 - (:math:`-1`, :math:`1`, :math:`0`) - :math:`\frac{1}{2}\left(1-\xi\right)\eta` - (:math:`-\frac{1}{2}\eta`, :math:`\frac{1}{2}\left(1-\xi\right)`, :math:`3`) * - 2 - (:math:`-1`, :math:`0`, :math:`1`) - :math:`\frac{1}{2}\left(1-\xi\right)\zeta` - (:math:`-\frac{1}{2}\zeta`, :math:`0.0`, :math:`3`) * - 3 - (:math:`-1`, :math:`0`, :math:`0`) - :math:`\frac{1}{2}\left(1-\xi\right)\left(1-\eta-\zeta\right)` - (:math:`-\frac{1}{2}\left(1-\eta-\zeta\right)`, :math:`-\frac{1}{2}\left(1-\xi\right)`, :math:`3`) * - 4 - (:math:`1`, :math:`1`, :math:`0`) - :math:`\frac{1}{2}\left(1+\xi\right)\eta` - (:math:`\frac{1}{2}\eta`, :math:`\frac{1}{2}\left(1+\xi\right)`, :math:`3`) * - 5 - (:math:`1`, :math:`0`, :math:`1`) - :math:`\frac{1}{2}\left(1+\xi\right)\zeta` - (:math:`\frac{1}{2}\zeta`, :math:`0.0`, :math:`3`) * - 6 - (:math:`1`, :math:`0`, :math:`0`) - :math:`\frac{1}{2}\left(1+\xi\right)\left(1-\eta-\zeta\right)` - (:math:`\frac{1}{2}\left(1-\eta-\zeta\right)`, :math:`-\frac{1}{2}\left(1+\xi\right)`, :math:`3`) .. list-table:: Gaussian quadrature points :align: center * - Coord. (:math:`\xi`, :math:`\eta`, :math:`\zeta`) - Weight * - (:math:`-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}`, :math:`0.5`, :math:`0.5`) - :math:`\frac{1}{6}` * - (:math:`-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}`, :math:`0.0`, :math:`0.5`) - :math:`\frac{1}{6}` * - (:math:`-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}`, :math:`0.5`, :math:`0.0`) - :math:`\frac{1}{6}` * - (:math:`\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}`, :math:`0.5`, :math:`0.5`) - :math:`\frac{1}{6}` * - (:math:`\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}`, :math:`0.0`, :math:`0.5`) - :math:`\frac{1}{6}` * - (:math:`\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}`, :math:`0.5`, :math:`0.0`) - :math:`\frac{1}{6}` Hexahedron 20 ''''''''''''' .. list-table:: Elements properties :header-rows: 1 * - Node (:math:`i`) - Coord. (:math:`\xi`, :math:`\eta`, :math:`\zeta`) - Shape function (:math:`N_i`) - Derivative (:math:`\frac{\partial N_i}{\partial \xi}`, :math:`\frac{\partial N_i}{\partial \eta}`, :math:`\frac{\partial N_i}{\partial \zeta}`) * - 1 - (:math:`-1`, :math:`-1`, :math:`-1`) - :math:`\frac{1}{8}\left(1-\xi\right)\left(1-\eta\right)\left(1-\zeta\right)\left(-2-\xi-\eta-\zeta\right)` - (:math:`\frac{1}{4}\left(\xi+\frac{1}{2}\left(\eta+\zeta+1\right)\right)\left(\eta-1\right)\left(\zeta-1\right)`, :math:`\frac{1}{4}\left(\eta+\frac{1}{2}\left(\xi+\zeta+1\right)\right)\left(\xi-1\right)\left(\zeta-1\right)`, :math:`3`) * - 2 - (:math:`1`, :math:`-1`, :math:`-1`) - :math:`\frac{1}{8}\left(1+\xi\right)\left(1-\eta\right)\left(1-\zeta\right)\left(-2+\xi-\eta-\zeta\right)` - (:math:`\frac{1}{4}\left(\xi-\frac{1}{2}\left(\eta+\zeta+1\right)\right)\left(\eta-1\right)\left(\zeta-1\right)`, :math:`-\frac{1}{4}\left(\eta-\frac{1}{2}\left(\xi-\zeta-1\right)\right)\left(\xi+1\right)\left(\zeta-1\right)`, :math:`3`) * - 3 - (:math:`1`, :math:`1`, :math:`-1`) - :math:`\frac{1}{8}\left(1+\xi\right)\left(1+\eta\right)\left(1-\zeta\right)\left(-2+\xi+\eta-\zeta\right)` - (:math:`-\frac{1}{4}\left(\xi+\frac{1}{2}\left(\eta-\zeta-1\right)\right)\left(\eta+1\right)\left(\zeta-1\right)`, :math:`-\frac{1}{4}\left(\eta+\frac{1}{2}\left(\xi-\zeta-1\right)\right)\left(\xi+1\right)\left(\zeta-1\right)`, :math:`3`) * - 4 - (:math:`-1`, :math:`1`, :math:`-1`) - :math:`\frac{1}{8}\left(1-\xi\right)\left(1+\eta\right)\left(1-\zeta\right)\left(-2-\xi+\eta-\zeta\right)` - (:math:`-\frac{1}{4}\left(\xi-\frac{1}{2}\left(\eta-\zeta-1\right)\right)\left(\eta+1\right)\left(\zeta-1\right)`, :math:`\frac{1}{4}\left(\eta-\frac{1}{2}\left(\xi+\zeta+1\right)\right)\left(\xi-1\right)\left(\zeta-1\right)`, :math:`3`) * - 5 - (:math:`-1`, :math:`-1`, :math:`1`) - :math:`\frac{1}{8}\left(1-\xi\right)\left(1-\eta\right)\left(1+\zeta\right)\left(-2-\xi-\eta+\zeta\right)` - (:math:`-\frac{1}{4}\left(\xi+\frac{1}{2}\left(\eta-\zeta+1\right)\right)\left(\eta-1\right)\left(\zeta+1\right)`, :math:`-\frac{1}{4}\left(\eta+\frac{1}{2}\left(\xi-\zeta+1\right)\right)\left(\xi-1\right)\left(\zeta+1\right)`, :math:`3`) * - 6 - (:math:`1`, :math:`-1`, :math:`1`) - :math:`\frac{1}{8}\left(1+\xi\right)\left(1-\eta\right)\left(1+\zeta\right)\left(-2+\xi-\eta+\zeta\right)` - (:math:`-\frac{1}{4}\left(\xi-\frac{1}{2}\left(\eta-\zeta+1\right)\right)\left(\eta-1\right)\left(\zeta+1\right)`, :math:`\frac{1}{4}\left(\eta-\frac{1}{2}\left(\xi+\zeta-1\right)\right)\left(\xi+1\right)\left(\zeta+1\right)`, :math:`3`) * - 7 - (:math:`1`, :math:`1`, :math:`1`) - :math:`\frac{1}{8}\left(1+\xi\right)\left(1+\eta\right)\left(1+\zeta\right)\left(-2+\xi+\eta+\zeta\right)` - (:math:`\frac{1}{4}\left(\xi+\frac{1}{2}\left(\eta+\zeta-1\right)\right)\left(\eta+1\right)\left(\zeta+1\right)`, :math:`\frac{1}{4}\left(\eta+\frac{1}{2}\left(\xi+\zeta-1\right)\right)\left(\xi+1\right)\left(\zeta+1\right)`, :math:`3`) * - 8 - (:math:`-1`, :math:`1`, :math:`1`) - :math:`\frac{1}{8}\left(1-\xi\right)\left(1+\eta\right)\left(1+\zeta\right)\left(-2-\xi+\eta+\zeta\right)` - (:math:`\frac{1}{4}\left(\xi-\frac{1}{2}\left(\eta+\zeta-1\right)\right)\left(\eta+1\right)\left(\zeta+1\right)`, :math:`-\frac{1}{4}\left(\eta-\frac{1}{2}\left(\xi-\zeta+1\right)\right)\left(\xi-1\right)\left(\zeta+1\right)`, :math:`3`) * - 9 - (:math:`0`, :math:`-1`, :math:`-1`) - :math:`\frac{1}{4}\left(1-\xi^{2}\right)\left(1-\eta\right)\left(1-\zeta\right)` - (:math:`-\frac{1}{2}\xi\left(\eta-1\right)\left(\zeta-1\right)`, :math:`-\frac{1}{4}\left(\xi^{2}-1\right)\left(\zeta-1\right)`, :math:`3`) * - 10 - (:math:`1`, :math:`0`, :math:`-1`) - :math:`\frac{1}{4}\left(1+\xi\right)\left(1-\eta^{2}\right)\left(1-\zeta\right)` - (:math:`\frac{1}{4}\left(\eta^{2}-1\right)\left(\zeta-1\right)`, :math:`\frac{1}{2}\eta\left(\xi+1\right)\left(\zeta-1\right)`, :math:`3`) * - 11 - (:math:`0`, :math:`1`, :math:`-1`) - :math:`\frac{1}{4}\left(1-\xi^{2}\right)\left(1+\eta\right)\left(1-\zeta\right)` - (:math:`\frac{1}{2}\xi\left(\eta+1\right)\left(\zeta-1\right)`, :math:`\frac{1}{4}\left(\xi^{2}-1\right)\left(\zeta-1\right)`, :math:`3`) * - 12 - (:math:`-1`, :math:`0`, :math:`-1`) - :math:`\frac{1}{4}\left(1-\xi\right)\left(1-\eta^{2}\right)\left(1-\zeta\right)` - (:math:`-\frac{1}{4}\left(\eta^{2}-1\right)\left(\zeta-1\right)`, :math:`-\frac{1}{2}\eta\left(\xi-1\right)\left(\zeta-1\right)`, :math:`3`) * - 13 - (:math:`-1`, :math:`-1`, :math:`0`) - :math:`\frac{1}{4}\left(1-\xi\right)\left(1-\eta\right)\left(1-\zeta^{2}\right)` - (:math:`-\frac{1}{4}\left(\eta-1\right)\left(\zeta^{2}-1\right)`, :math:`-\frac{1}{4}\left(\xi-1\right)\left(\zeta^{2}-1\right)`, :math:`3`) * - 14 - (:math:`1`, :math:`-1`, :math:`0`) - :math:`\frac{1}{4}\left(1+\xi\right)\left(1-\eta\right)\left(1-\zeta^{2}\right)` - (:math:`\frac{1}{4}\left(\eta-1\right)\left(\zeta^{2}-1\right)`, :math:`\frac{1}{4}\left(\xi+1\right)\left(\zeta^{2}-1\right)`, :math:`3`) * - 15 - (:math:`1`, :math:`1`, :math:`0`) - :math:`\frac{1}{4}\left(1+\xi\right)\left(1+\eta\right)\left(1-\zeta^{2}\right)` - (:math:`-\frac{1}{4}\left(\eta+1\right)\left(\zeta^{2}-1\right)`, :math:`-\frac{1}{4}\left(\xi+1\right)\left(\zeta^{2}-1\right)`, :math:`3`) * - 16 - (:math:`-1`, :math:`1`, :math:`0`) - :math:`\frac{1}{4}\left(1-\xi\right)\left(1+\eta\right)\left(1-\zeta^{2}\right)` - (:math:`\frac{1}{4}\left(\eta+1\right)\left(\zeta^{2}-1\right)`, :math:`\frac{1}{4}\left(\xi-1\right)\left(\zeta^{2}-1\right)`, :math:`3`) * - 17 - (:math:`0`, :math:`-1`, :math:`1`) - :math:`\frac{1}{4}\left(1-\xi^{2}\right)\left(1-\eta\right)\left(1+\zeta\right)` - (:math:`\frac{1}{2}\xi\left(\eta-1\right)\left(\zeta+1\right)`, :math:`\frac{1}{4}\left(\xi^{2}-1\right)\left(\zeta+1\right)`, :math:`3`) * - 18 - (:math:`1`, :math:`0`, :math:`1`) - :math:`\frac{1}{4}\left(1+\xi\right)\left(1-\eta^{2}\right)\left(1+\zeta\right)` - (:math:`-\frac{1}{4}\left(\eta^{2}-1\right)\left(\zeta+1\right)`, :math:`-\frac{1}{2}\eta\left(\xi+1\right)\left(\zeta+1\right)`, :math:`3`) * - 19 - (:math:`0`, :math:`1`, :math:`1`) - :math:`\frac{1}{4}\left(1-\xi^{2}\right)\left(1+\eta\right)\left(1+\zeta\right)` - (:math:`-\frac{1}{2}\xi\left(\eta+1\right)\left(\zeta+1\right)`, :math:`-\frac{1}{4}\left(\xi^{2}-1\right)\left(\zeta+1\right)`, :math:`3`) * - 20 - (:math:`-1`, :math:`0`, :math:`1`) - :math:`\frac{1}{4}\left(1-\xi\right)\left(1-\eta^{2}\right)\left(1+\zeta\right)` - (:math:`\frac{1}{4}\left(\eta^{2}-1\right)\left(\zeta+1\right)`, :math:`\frac{1}{2}\eta\left(\xi-1\right)\left(\zeta+1\right)`, :math:`3`) .. list-table:: Gaussian quadrature points :align: center * - Coord. (:math:`\xi`, :math:`\eta`, :math:`\zeta`) - Weight * - (:math:`-\sqrt{\tfrac{3}{5}}`, :math:`-\sqrt{\tfrac{3}{5}}`, :math:`-\sqrt{\tfrac{3}{5}}`) - :math:`\frac{125}{729}` * - (:math:`-\sqrt{\tfrac{3}{5}}`, :math:`-\sqrt{\tfrac{3}{5}}`, :math:`0`) - :math:`\frac{200}{729}` * - (:math:`-\sqrt{\tfrac{3}{5}}`, :math:`-\sqrt{\tfrac{3}{5}}`, :math:`\sqrt{\tfrac{3}{5}}`) - :math:`\frac{125}{729}` * - (:math:`-\sqrt{\tfrac{3}{5}}`, :math:`0`, :math:`-\sqrt{\tfrac{3}{5}}`) - :math:`\frac{200}{729}` * - (:math:`-\sqrt{\tfrac{3}{5}}`, :math:`0`, :math:`0`) - :math:`\frac{320}{729}` * - (:math:`-\sqrt{\tfrac{3}{5}}`, :math:`0`, :math:`\sqrt{\tfrac{3}{5}}`) - :math:`\frac{200}{729}` * - (:math:`-\sqrt{\tfrac{3}{5}}`, :math:`\sqrt{\tfrac{3}{5}}`, :math:`-\sqrt{\tfrac{3}{5}}`) - :math:`\frac{125}{729}` * - (:math:`-\sqrt{\tfrac{3}{5}}`, :math:`\sqrt{\tfrac{3}{5}}`, :math:`0`) - :math:`\frac{200}{729}` * - (:math:`-\sqrt{\tfrac{3}{5}}`, :math:`\sqrt{\tfrac{3}{5}}`, :math:`\sqrt{\tfrac{3}{5}}`) - :math:`\frac{125}{729}` * - (:math:`0`, :math:`-\sqrt{\tfrac{3}{5}}`, :math:`-\sqrt{\tfrac{3}{5}}`) - :math:`\frac{200}{729}` * - (:math:`0`, :math:`-\sqrt{\tfrac{3}{5}}`, :math:`0`) - :math:`\frac{320}{729}` * - (:math:`0`, :math:`-\sqrt{\tfrac{3}{5}}`, :math:`\sqrt{\tfrac{3}{5}}`) - :math:`\frac{200}{729}` * - (:math:`0`, :math:`0`, :math:`-\sqrt{\tfrac{3}{5}}`) - :math:`\frac{320}{729}` * - (:math:`0`, :math:`0`, :math:`0`) - :math:`\frac{512}{729}` * - (:math:`0`, :math:`0`, :math:`\sqrt{\tfrac{3}{5}}`) - :math:`\frac{320}{729}` * - (:math:`0`, :math:`\sqrt{\tfrac{3}{5}}`, :math:`-\sqrt{\tfrac{3}{5}}`) - :math:`\frac{200}{729}` * - (:math:`0`, :math:`\sqrt{\tfrac{3}{5}}`, :math:`0`) - :math:`\frac{320}{729}` * - (:math:`0`, :math:`\sqrt{\tfrac{3}{5}}`, :math:`\sqrt{\tfrac{3}{5}}`) - :math:`\frac{200}{729}` * - (:math:`\sqrt{\tfrac{3}{5}}`, :math:`-\sqrt{\tfrac{3}{5}}`, :math:`-\sqrt{\tfrac{3}{5}}`) - :math:`\frac{125}{729}` * - (:math:`\sqrt{\tfrac{3}{5}}`, :math:`-\sqrt{\tfrac{3}{5}}`, :math:`0`) - :math:`\frac{200}{729}` * - (:math:`\sqrt{\tfrac{3}{5}}`, :math:`-\sqrt{\tfrac{3}{5}}`, :math:`\sqrt{\tfrac{3}{5}}`) - :math:`\frac{125}{729}` * - (:math:`\sqrt{\tfrac{3}{5}}`, :math:`0`, :math:`-\sqrt{\tfrac{3}{5}}`) - :math:`\frac{200}{729}` * - (:math:`\sqrt{\tfrac{3}{5}}`, :math:`0`, :math:`0`) - :math:`\frac{320}{729}` * - (:math:`\sqrt{\tfrac{3}{5}}`, :math:`0`, :math:`\sqrt{\tfrac{3}{5}}`) - :math:`\frac{200}{729}` * - (:math:`\sqrt{\tfrac{3}{5}}`, :math:`\sqrt{\tfrac{3}{5}}`, :math:`-\sqrt{\tfrac{3}{5}}`) - :math:`\frac{125}{729}` * - (:math:`\sqrt{\tfrac{3}{5}}`, :math:`\sqrt{\tfrac{3}{5}}`, :math:`0`) - :math:`\frac{200}{729}` * - (:math:`\sqrt{\tfrac{3}{5}}`, :math:`\sqrt{\tfrac{3}{5}}`, :math:`\sqrt{\tfrac{3}{5}}`) - :math:`\frac{125}{729}` Pentahedron 15 '''''''''''''' .. list-table:: Elements properties :header-rows: 1 * - Node (:math:`i`) - Coord. (:math:`\xi`, :math:`\eta`, :math:`\zeta`) - Shape function (:math:`N_i`) - Derivative (:math:`\frac{\partial N_i}{\partial \xi}`, :math:`\frac{\partial N_i}{\partial \eta}`, :math:`\frac{\partial N_i}{\partial \zeta}`) * - 1 - (:math:`-1`, :math:`1`, :math:`0`) - :math:`\frac{1}{2}\eta\left(1-\xi\right)\left(2\eta-2-\xi\right)` - (:math:`\frac{1}{2}\eta\left(2\xi-2\eta+1\right)`, :math:`-\frac{1}{2}\left(\xi-1\right)\left(4\eta-\xi-2\right)`, :math:`3`) * - 2 - (:math:`-1`, :math:`0`, :math:`1`) - :math:`\frac{1}{2}\zeta\left(1-\xi\right)\left(2\zeta-2-\xi\right)` - (:math:`\frac{1}{2}\zeta\left(2\xi-2\zeta+1\right)`, :math:`0.0`, :math:`3`) * - 3 - (:math:`-1`, :math:`0`, :math:`0`) - :math:`\frac{1}{2}\left(\xi-1\right)\left(1-\eta-\zeta\right)\left(\xi+2\eta+2\zeta\right)` - (:math:`-\frac{1}{2}\left(2\xi+2\eta+2\zeta-1\right)\left(\eta+\zeta-1\right)`, :math:`-\frac{1}{2}\left(\xi-1\right)\left(4\eta+\xi+2\left(2\zeta-1\right)\right)`, :math:`3`) * - 4 - (:math:`1`, :math:`1`, :math:`0`) - :math:`\frac{1}{2}\eta\left(1+\xi\right)\left(2\eta-2+\xi\right)` - (:math:`\frac{1}{2}\eta\left(2\xi+2\eta-1\right)`, :math:`\frac{1}{2}\left(\xi+1\right)\left(4\eta+\xi-2\right)`, :math:`3`) * - 5 - (:math:`1`, :math:`0`, :math:`1`) - :math:`\frac{1}{2}\zeta\left(1+\xi\right)\left(2\zeta-2+\xi\right)` - (:math:`\frac{1}{2}\zeta\left(2\xi+2\zeta-1\right)`, :math:`0.0`, :math:`3`) * - 6 - (:math:`1`, :math:`0`, :math:`0`) - :math:`\frac{1}{2}\left(-\xi-1\right)\left(1-\eta-\zeta\right)\left(-\xi+2\eta+2\zeta\right)` - (:math:`-\frac{1}{2}\left(\eta+\zeta-1\right)\left(2\xi-2\eta-2\zeta+1\right)`, :math:`\frac{1}{2}\left(\xi+1\right)\left(4\eta-\xi+2\left(2\zeta-1\right)\right)`, :math:`3`) * - 7 - (:math:`-1`, :math:`0.5`, :math:`0.5`) - :math:`2\eta\zeta\left(1-\xi\right)` - (:math:`-2\eta\zeta`, :math:`-2\left(\xi-1\right)\zeta`, :math:`3`) * - 8 - (:math:`-1`, :math:`0`, :math:`0.5`) - :math:`2\zeta\left(1-\eta-\zeta\right)\left(1-\xi\right)` - (:math:`2\zeta\left(\eta+\zeta-1\right)`, :math:`2\zeta-\left(\xi-1\right)`, :math:`3`) * - 9 - (:math:`-1`, :math:`0.5`, :math:`0`) - :math:`2\eta\left(1-\xi\right)\left(1-\eta-\zeta\right)` - (:math:`2\eta\left(\eta+\zeta-1\right)`, :math:`2\left(2\eta+\zeta-1\right)\left(\xi-1\right)`, :math:`3`) * - 10 - (:math:`0`, :math:`1`, :math:`0`) - :math:`\eta\left(1-\xi^{2}\right)` - (:math:`-2\xi\eta`, :math:`-\left(\xi^{2}-1\right)`, :math:`3`) * - 11 - (:math:`0`, :math:`0`, :math:`1`) - :math:`\zeta\left(1-\xi^{2}\right)` - (:math:`-2\xi\zeta`, :math:`0.0`, :math:`3`) * - 12 - (:math:`0`, :math:`0`, :math:`0`) - :math:`\left(1-\xi^{2}\right)\left(1-\eta-\zeta\right)` - (:math:`2\xi\left(\eta+\zeta-1\right)`, :math:`\left(\xi^{2}-1\right)`, :math:`3`) * - 13 - (:math:`1`, :math:`0.5`, :math:`0.5`) - :math:`2\eta\zeta\left(1+\xi\right)` - (:math:`2\eta\zeta`, :math:`2\zeta\left(\xi+1\right)`, :math:`3`) * - 14 - (:math:`1`, :math:`0`, :math:`0.5`) - :math:`2\zeta\left(1+\xi\right)\left(1-\eta-\zeta\right)` - (:math:`-2\zeta\left(\eta+\zeta-1\right)`, :math:`-2\zeta\left(\xi+1\right)`, :math:`3`) * - 15 - (:math:`1`, :math:`0.5`, :math:`0`) - :math:`2\eta\left(1+\xi\right)\left(1-\eta-\zeta\right)` - (:math:`-2\eta\left(\eta+\zeta-1\right)`, :math:`-2\left(2\eta+\zeta-1\right)\left(\xi+1\right)`, :math:`3`) .. list-table:: Gaussian quadrature points :align: center * - Coord. (:math:`\xi`, :math:`\eta`, :math:`\zeta`) - Weight * - (:math:`-{\tfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}}`, :math:`\tfrac{1}{3}`, :math:`\tfrac{1}{3}`) - -:math:`\frac{27}{96}` * - (:math:`-{\tfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}}`, :math:`0.6`, :math:`0.2`) - :math:`\frac{25}{96}` * - (:math:`-{\tfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}}`, :math:`0.2`, :math:`0.6`) - :math:`\frac{25}{96}` * - (:math:`-{\tfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}}`, :math:`0.2`, :math:`0.2`) - :math:`\frac{25}{96}` * - (:math:`{\tfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}}`, :math:`\tfrac{1}{3}`, :math:`\tfrac{1}{3}`) - -:math:`\frac{27}{96}` * - (:math:`{\tfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}}`, :math:`0.6`, :math:`0.2`) - :math:`\frac{25}{96}` * - (:math:`{\tfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}}`, :math:`0.2`, :math:`0.6`) - :math:`\frac{25}{96}` * - (:math:`{\tfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}}`, :math:`0.2`, :math:`0.2`) - :math:`\frac{25}{96}`