mesh.hh
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mesh.hh
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	/**
	* @file mesh.hh
	*
	* @author Guillaume Anciaux <guillaume.anciaux@epfl.ch>
	* @author Dana Christen <dana.christen@epfl.ch>
	* @author David Simon Kammer <david.kammer@epfl.ch>
	* @author Nicolas Richart <nicolas.richart@epfl.ch>
	* @author Marco Vocialta <marco.vocialta@epfl.ch>
	*
	* @date creation: Fri Jun 18 2010
	* @date last modification: Mon Feb 19 2018
	*
	* @brief the class representing the meshes
	*
	* @section LICENSE
	*
	* Copyright (©) 2010-2018 EPFL (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne)
	* Laboratory (LSMS - Laboratoire de Simulation en Mécanique des Solides)
	*
	* Akantu is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
	* terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by the Free
	* Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any
	* later version.
	*
	* Akantu is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
	* WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
	* A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Lesser General Public License for more
	* details.
	*
	* You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
	* along with Akantu. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
	*
	*/

	/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
	#ifndef __AKANTU_MESH_HH__
	#define __AKANTU_MESH_HH__

	/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
	#include "aka_array.hh"
	#include "aka_bbox.hh"
	#include "aka_event_handler_manager.hh"
	#include "aka_memory.hh"
	#include "dumpable.hh"
	#include "element.hh"
	#include "element_class.hh"
	#include "element_type_map.hh"
	#include "group_manager.hh"
	#include "mesh_data.hh"
	#include "mesh_events.hh"
	/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
	#include <set>
	#include <unordered_map>
	/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

	namespace akantu {
	class Communicator;
	class ElementSynchronizer;
	class NodeSynchronizer;
	class PeriodicNodeSynchronizer;
	class MeshGlobalDataUpdater;
	} // namespace akantu

	namespace akantu {

	/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
	/* Mesh */
	/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

	/**
	* @class Mesh this contain the coordinates of the nodes in the Mesh.nodes
	* Array, and the connectivity. The connectivity are stored in by element
	* types.
	*
	* In order to loop on all element you have to loop on all types like this :
	* @code{.cpp}
	for(auto & type : mesh.elementTypes()) {
	UInt nb_element = mesh.getNbElement(type);
	const Array<UInt> & conn = mesh.getConnectivity(type);
	for(UInt e = 0; e < nb_element; ++e) {
	...
	}
	}

	or

	for_each_element(mesh, [](Element & element) {
	std::cout << element << std::endl
	});
	@endcode
	*/
	class Mesh : protected Memory,
	public EventHandlerManager<MeshEventHandler>,
	public GroupManager,
	public MeshData,
	public Dumpable {
	/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
	/* Constructors/Destructors */
	/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
	private:
	/// default constructor used for chaining, the last parameter is just to
	/// differentiate constructors
	Mesh(UInt spatial_dimension, const ID & id, const MemoryID & memory_id,
	Communicator & communicator);

	public:
	/// constructor that create nodes coordinates array
	Mesh(UInt spatial_dimension, const ID & id = "mesh",
	const MemoryID & memory_id = 0);

	/// mesh not distributed and not using the default communicator
	Mesh(UInt spatial_dimension, Communicator & communicator,
	const ID & id = "mesh", const MemoryID & memory_id = 0);

	/**
	* constructor that use an existing nodes coordinates
	* array, by getting the vector of coordinates
	*/
	Mesh(UInt spatial_dimension, const std::shared_ptr<Array<Real>> & nodes,
	const ID & id = "mesh", const MemoryID & memory_id = 0);

	~Mesh() override;

	/// read the mesh from a file
	void read(const std::string & filename,
	const MeshIOType & mesh_io_type = _miot_auto);
	/// write the mesh to a file
	void write(const std::string & filename,
	const MeshIOType & mesh_io_type = _miot_auto);

	protected:
	void makeReady();

	private:
	/// initialize the connectivity to NULL and other stuff
	void init();

	/// function that computes the bounding box (fills xmin, xmax)
	void computeBoundingBox();

	/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
	/* Distributed memory methods and accessors */
	/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
	public:
	/// patitionate the mesh among the processors involved in their computation
	virtual void distribute(Communicator & communicator);
	virtual void distribute();

	/// defines is the mesh is distributed or not
	inline bool isDistributed() const { return this->is_distributed; }

	/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
	/* Periodicity methods and accessors */
	/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
	public:
	/// set the periodicity in a given direction
	void makePeriodic(const SpatialDirection & direction);
	void makePeriodic(const SpatialDirection & direction, const ID & list_1,
	const ID & list_2);

	protected:
	void makePeriodic(const SpatialDirection & direction,
	const Array<UInt> & list_1, const Array<UInt> & list_2);

	/// Removes the face that the mesh is periodic
	void wipePeriodicInfo();

	inline void addPeriodicSlave(UInt slave, UInt master);

	template <typename T>
	void synchronizePeriodicSlaveDataWithMaster(Array<T> & data);

	// update the periodic synchronizer (creates it if it does not exists)
	void updatePeriodicSynchronizer();

	public:
	/// defines if the mesh is periodic or not
	inline bool isPeriodic() const { return (this->is_periodic != 0); }

	inline bool isPeriodic(const SpatialDirection & direction) const {
	return ((this->is_periodic & (1 << direction)) != 0);
	}

	class PeriodicSlaves;

	/// get the master node for a given slave nodes, except if node not a slave
	inline UInt getPeriodicMaster(UInt slave) const;

	#ifndef SWIG
	/// get an iterable list of slaves for a given master node
	inline decltype(auto) getPeriodicSlaves(UInt master) const;
	#endif

	/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
	/* General Methods */
	/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
	public:
	/// function to print the containt of the class
	void printself(std::ostream & stream, int indent = 0) const override;

	/// extract coordinates of nodes from an element
	template <typename T>
	inline void extractNodalValuesFromElement(const Array<T> & nodal_values,
	T * elemental_values,
	UInt * connectivity, UInt n_nodes,
	UInt nb_degree_of_freedom) const;

	// /// extract coordinates of nodes from a reversed element
	// inline void extractNodalCoordinatesFromPBCElement(Real * local_coords,
	// UInt * connectivity,
	// UInt n_nodes);

	/// add a Array of connectivity for the type <type>.
	inline void addConnectivityType(const ElementType & type,
	const GhostType & ghost_type = _not_ghost);

	/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
	template <class Event> inline void sendEvent(Event & event) {
	// if(event.getList().size() != 0)
	EventHandlerManager<MeshEventHandler>::sendEvent<Event>(event);
	}

	/// prepare the event to remove the elements listed
	void eraseElements(const Array<Element> & elements);

	/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
	template <typename T>
	inline void removeNodesFromArray(Array<T> & vect,
	const Array<UInt> & new_numbering);

	/// initialize normals
	void initNormals();

	/// init facets' mesh
	Mesh & initMeshFacets(const ID & id = "mesh_facets");

	/// define parent mesh
	void defineMeshParent(const Mesh & mesh);

	/// get global connectivity array
	void getGlobalConnectivity(ElementTypeMapArray<UInt> & global_connectivity);

	public:
	void getAssociatedElements(const Array<UInt> & node_list,
	Array<Element> & elements);

	private:
	/// fills the nodes_to_elements structure
	void fillNodesToElements();

	/// update the global ids, nodes type, ...
	std::tuple<UInt, UInt> updateGlobalData(NewNodesEvent & nodes_event,
	NewElementsEvent & elements_event);

	void registerGlobalDataUpdater(
	std::unique_ptr<MeshGlobalDataUpdater> && global_data_updater);
	/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
	/* Accessors */
	/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
	public:
	/// get the id of the mesh
	AKANTU_GET_MACRO(ID, Memory::id, const ID &);

	/// get the id of the mesh
	AKANTU_GET_MACRO(MemoryID, Memory::memory_id, const MemoryID &);

	/// get the spatial dimension of the mesh = number of component of the
	/// coordinates
	AKANTU_GET_MACRO(SpatialDimension, spatial_dimension, UInt);

	/// get the nodes Array aka coordinates
	AKANTU_GET_MACRO(Nodes, *nodes, const Array<Real> &);
	AKANTU_GET_MACRO_NOT_CONST(Nodes, *nodes, Array<Real> &);

	/// get the normals for the elements
	AKANTU_GET_MACRO_BY_ELEMENT_TYPE(Normals, normals, Real);

	/// get the number of nodes
	AKANTU_GET_MACRO(NbNodes, nodes->size(), UInt);

	/// get the Array of global ids of the nodes (only used in parallel)
	AKANTU_GET_MACRO(GlobalNodesIds, *nodes_global_ids, const Array<UInt> &);
	//AKANTU_GET_MACRO_NOT_CONST(GlobalNodesIds, *nodes_global_ids, Array<UInt> &);

	/// get the global id of a node
	inline UInt getNodeGlobalId(UInt local_id) const;

	/// get the global id of a node
	inline UInt getNodeLocalId(UInt global_id) const;

	/// get the global number of nodes
	inline UInt getNbGlobalNodes() const;

	/// get the nodes type Array
	AKANTU_GET_MACRO(NodesFlags, *nodes_flags, const Array<NodeFlag> &);

	protected:
	AKANTU_GET_MACRO_NOT_CONST(NodesFlags, *nodes_flags, Array<NodeFlag> &);

	public:
	inline NodeFlag getNodeFlag(UInt local_id) const;
	inline Int getNodePrank(UInt local_id) const;

	/// say if a node is a pure ghost node
	inline bool isPureGhostNode(UInt n) const;

	/// say if a node is pur local or master node
	inline bool isLocalOrMasterNode(UInt n) const;

	inline bool isLocalNode(UInt n) const;
	inline bool isMasterNode(UInt n) const;
	inline bool isSlaveNode(UInt n) const;

	inline bool isPeriodicSlave(UInt n) const;
	inline bool isPeriodicMaster(UInt n) const;

	const Vector<Real> & getLowerBounds() const { return bbox.getLowerBounds(); }
	const Vector<Real> & getUpperBounds() const { return bbox.getUpperBounds(); }
	AKANTU_GET_MACRO(BBox, bbox, const BBox &);

	const Vector<Real> & getLocalLowerBounds() const {
	return bbox_local.getLowerBounds();
	}
	const Vector<Real> & getLocalUpperBounds() const {
	return bbox_local.getUpperBounds();
	}
	AKANTU_GET_MACRO(LocalBBox, bbox_local, const BBox &);

	/// get the connectivity Array for a given type
	AKANTU_GET_MACRO_BY_ELEMENT_TYPE_CONST(Connectivity, connectivities, UInt);
	AKANTU_GET_MACRO_BY_ELEMENT_TYPE(Connectivity, connectivities, UInt);
	AKANTU_GET_MACRO(Connectivities, connectivities,
	const ElementTypeMapArray<UInt> &);

	/// get the number of element of a type in the mesh
	inline UInt getNbElement(const ElementType & type,
	const GhostType & ghost_type = _not_ghost) const;

	/// get the number of element for a given ghost_type and a given dimension
	inline UInt getNbElement(const UInt spatial_dimension = _all_dimensions,
	const GhostType & ghost_type = _not_ghost,
	const ElementKind & kind = _ek_not_defined) const;

	/// compute the barycenter of a given element
	inline void getBarycenter(const Element & element,
	Vector<Real> & barycenter) const;

	void getBarycenters(Array<Real> & barycenter, const ElementType & type,
	const GhostType & ghost_type) const;

	#ifndef SWIG
	/// get the element connected to a subelement (element of lower dimension)
	const auto & getElementToSubelement() const;

	/// get the element connected to a subelement
	const auto &
	getElementToSubelement(const ElementType & el_type,
	const GhostType & ghost_type = _not_ghost) const;

	/// get the element connected to a subelement
	auto & getElementToSubelement(const ElementType & el_type,
	const GhostType & ghost_type = _not_ghost);

	/// get the elements connected to a subelement
	const auto & getElementToSubelement(const Element & element) const;

	/// get the subelement (element of lower dimension) connected to a element
	const auto & getSubelementToElement() const;

	/// get the subelement connected to an element
	const auto &
	getSubelementToElement(const ElementType & el_type,
	const GhostType & ghost_type = _not_ghost) const;
	/// get the subelement connected to an element
	auto & getSubelementToElement(const ElementType & el_type,
	const GhostType & ghost_type = _not_ghost);

	/// get the subelement (element of lower dimension) connected to a element
	VectorProxy<Element> getSubelementToElement(const Element & element) const;

	/// get connectivity of a given element
	inline VectorProxy<UInt> getConnectivity(const Element & element) const;
	inline Vector<UInt>
	getConnectivityWithPeriodicity(const Element & element) const;

	protected:
	inline auto & getElementToSubelement(const Element & element);
	inline VectorProxy<Element> getSubelementToElement(const Element & element);
	inline VectorProxy<UInt> getConnectivity(const Element & element);
	#endif

	public:
	/// get a name field associated to the mesh
	template <typename T>
	inline const Array<T> &
	getData(const ID & data_name, const ElementType & el_type,
	const GhostType & ghost_type = _not_ghost) const;

	/// get a name field associated to the mesh
	template <typename T>
	inline Array<T> & getData(const ID & data_name, const ElementType & el_type,
	const GhostType & ghost_type = _not_ghost);

	/// get a name field associated to the mesh
	template <typename T>
	inline const ElementTypeMapArray<T> & getData(const ID & data_name) const;

	/// get a name field associated to the mesh
	template <typename T>
	inline ElementTypeMapArray<T> & getData(const ID & data_name);

	template <typename T>
	ElementTypeMap<UInt> getNbDataPerElem(ElementTypeMapArray<T> & array,
	const ElementKind & element_kind);

	template <typename T>
	dumper::Field * createFieldFromAttachedData(const std::string & field_id,
	const std::string & group_name,
	const ElementKind & element_kind);

	/// templated getter returning the pointer to data in MeshData (modifiable)
	template <typename T>
	inline Array<T> &
	getDataPointer(const std::string & data_name, const ElementType & el_type,
	const GhostType & ghost_type = _not_ghost,
	UInt nb_component = 1, bool size_to_nb_element = true,
	bool resize_with_parent = false);

	template <typename T>
	inline Array<T> & getDataPointer(const ID & data_name,
	const ElementType & el_type,
	const GhostType & ghost_type,
	UInt nb_component, bool size_to_nb_element,
	bool resize_with_parent, const T & defaul_);

	/// Facets mesh accessor
	inline const Mesh & getMeshFacets() const;
	inline Mesh & getMeshFacets();

	/// Parent mesh accessor
	inline const Mesh & getMeshParent() const;

	inline bool isMeshFacets() const { return this->is_mesh_facets; }

	#ifndef SWIG
	/// return the dumper from a group and and a dumper name
	DumperIOHelper & getGroupDumper(const std::string & dumper_name,
	const std::string & group_name);
	#endif
	/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
	/* Wrappers on ElementClass functions */
	/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
	public:
	/// get the number of nodes per element for a given element type
	static inline UInt getNbNodesPerElement(const ElementType & type);

	/// get the number of nodes per element for a given element type considered as
	/// a first order element
	static inline ElementType getP1ElementType(const ElementType & type);

	/// get the kind of the element type
	static inline ElementKind getKind(const ElementType & type);

	/// get spatial dimension of a type of element
	static inline UInt getSpatialDimension(const ElementType & type);

	/// get number of facets of a given element type
	static inline UInt getNbFacetsPerElement(const ElementType & type);

	/// get number of facets of a given element type
	static inline UInt getNbFacetsPerElement(const ElementType & type, UInt t);

	#ifndef SWIG
	/// get local connectivity of a facet for a given facet type
	static inline auto getFacetLocalConnectivity(const ElementType & type,
	UInt t = 0);

	/// get connectivity of facets for a given element
	inline auto getFacetConnectivity(const Element & element, UInt t = 0) const;

	#endif

	/// get the number of type of the surface element associated to a given
	/// element type
	static inline UInt getNbFacetTypes(const ElementType & type, UInt t = 0);

	#ifndef SWIG

	/// get the type of the surface element associated to a given element
	static inline constexpr auto getFacetType(const ElementType & type,
	UInt t = 0);

	/// get all the type of the surface element associated to a given element
	static inline constexpr auto getAllFacetTypes(const ElementType & type);

	#endif

	/// get the number of nodes in the given element list
	static inline UInt getNbNodesPerElementList(const Array<Element> & elements);

	/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
	/* Element type Iterator */
	/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
	#ifndef SWIG
	using type_iterator[[deprecated]] =
	ElementTypeMapArray<UInt, ElementType>::type_iterator;
	using ElementTypesIteratorHelper =
	ElementTypeMapArray<UInt, ElementType>::ElementTypesIteratorHelper;

	template <typename... pack>
	ElementTypesIteratorHelper elementTypes(pack &&... _pack) const;

	[[deprecated("Use elementTypes instead")]] inline decltype(auto)
	firstType(UInt dim = _all_dimensions, GhostType ghost_type = _not_ghost,
	ElementKind kind = _ek_regular) const {
	return connectivities.elementTypes(dim, ghost_type, kind).begin();
	}

	[[deprecated("Use elementTypes instead")]] inline decltype(auto)
	lastType(UInt dim = _all_dimensions, GhostType ghost_type = _not_ghost,
	ElementKind kind = _ek_regular) const {
	return connectivities.elementTypes(dim, ghost_type, kind).end();
	}
	#endif

	AKANTU_GET_MACRO(ElementSynchronizer, *element_synchronizer,
	const ElementSynchronizer &);
	AKANTU_GET_MACRO_NOT_CONST(ElementSynchronizer, *element_synchronizer,
	ElementSynchronizer &);
	AKANTU_GET_MACRO(NodeSynchronizer, *node_synchronizer,
	const NodeSynchronizer &);
	AKANTU_GET_MACRO_NOT_CONST(NodeSynchronizer, *node_synchronizer,
	NodeSynchronizer &);
	AKANTU_GET_MACRO(PeriodicNodeSynchronizer, *periodic_node_synchronizer,
	const PeriodicNodeSynchronizer &);
	AKANTU_GET_MACRO_NOT_CONST(PeriodicNodeSynchronizer,
	*periodic_node_synchronizer,
	PeriodicNodeSynchronizer &);

	// AKANTU_GET_MACRO_NOT_CONST(Communicator, *communicator, StaticCommunicator
	// &);
	#ifndef SWIG
	AKANTU_GET_MACRO(Communicator, *communicator, const auto &);
	AKANTU_GET_MACRO_NOT_CONST(Communicator, *communicator, auto &);
	AKANTU_GET_MACRO(PeriodicMasterSlaves, periodic_master_slave, const auto &);
	#endif

	/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
	/* Private methods for friends */
	/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
	private:
	friend class MeshAccessor;
	friend class MeshUtils;

	AKANTU_GET_MACRO(NodesPointer, *nodes, Array<Real> &);

	/// get a pointer to the nodes_global_ids Array<UInt> and create it if
	/// necessary
	inline Array<UInt> & getNodesGlobalIdsPointer();

	/// get a pointer to the nodes_type Array<Int> and create it if necessary
	inline Array<NodeFlag> & getNodesFlagsPointer();

	/// get a pointer to the connectivity Array for the given type and create it
	/// if necessary
	inline Array<UInt> &
	getConnectivityPointer(const ElementType & type,
	const GhostType & ghost_type = _not_ghost);

	/// get the ghost element counter
	inline Array<UInt> &
	getGhostsCounters(const ElementType & type,
	const GhostType & ghost_type = _ghost) {
	AKANTU_DEBUG_ASSERT(ghost_type != _not_ghost,
	"No ghost counter for _not_ghost elements");
	return ghosts_counters(type, ghost_type);
	}

	/// get a pointer to the element_to_subelement Array for the given type and
	/// create it if necessary
	inline Array<std::vector<Element>> &
	getElementToSubelementPointer(const ElementType & type,
	const GhostType & ghost_type = _not_ghost);

	/// get a pointer to the subelement_to_element Array for the given type and
	/// create it if necessary
	inline Array<Element> &
	getSubelementToElementPointer(const ElementType & type,
	const GhostType & ghost_type = _not_ghost);

	/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
	/* Class Members */
	/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
	private:
	/// array of the nodes coordinates
	std::shared_ptr<Array<Real>> nodes;

	/// global node ids
	std::shared_ptr<Array<UInt>> nodes_global_ids;

	/// node flags (shared/periodic/...)
	std::shared_ptr<Array<NodeFlag>> nodes_flags;

	/// processor handling the node when not local or master
	std::unordered_map<UInt, Int> nodes_prank;

	/// global number of nodes;
	UInt nb_global_nodes{0};

	/// all class of elements present in this mesh (for heterogenous meshes)
	ElementTypeMapArray<UInt> connectivities;

	/// count the references on ghost elements
	ElementTypeMapArray<UInt> ghosts_counters;

	/// map to normals for all class of elements present in this mesh
	ElementTypeMapArray<Real> normals;

	/// the spatial dimension of this mesh
	UInt spatial_dimension{0};

	/// size covered by the mesh on each direction
	Vector<Real> size;
	/// global bounding box
	BBox bbox;

	/// local bounding box
	BBox bbox_local;

	/// Extra data loaded from the mesh file
	// MeshData mesh_data;

	/// facets' mesh
	std::unique_ptr<Mesh> mesh_facets;

	/// parent mesh (this is set for mesh_facets meshes)
	const Mesh * mesh_parent{nullptr};

	/// defines if current mesh is mesh_facets or not
	bool is_mesh_facets{false};

	/// defines if the mesh is centralized or distributed
	bool is_distributed{false};

	/// defines if the mesh is periodic
	bool is_periodic{false};

	/// Communicator on which mesh is distributed
	Communicator * communicator;

	/// Element synchronizer
	std::unique_ptr<ElementSynchronizer> element_synchronizer;

	/// Node synchronizer
	std::unique_ptr<NodeSynchronizer> node_synchronizer;

	/// Node synchronizer for periodic nodes
	std::unique_ptr<PeriodicNodeSynchronizer> periodic_node_synchronizer;

	using NodesToElements = std::vector<std::unique_ptr<std::set<Element>>>;

	/// class to update global data using external knowledge
	std::unique_ptr<MeshGlobalDataUpdater> global_data_updater;

	/// This info is stored to simplify the dynamic changes
	NodesToElements nodes_to_elements;

	/// periodicity local info
	std::unordered_map<UInt, UInt> periodic_slave_master;
	std::unordered_multimap<UInt, UInt> periodic_master_slave;
	};

	/// standard output stream operator
	inline std::ostream & operator<<(std::ostream & stream, const Mesh & _this) {
	_this.printself(stream);
	return stream;
	}

	} // namespace akantu

	/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
	/* Inline functions */
	/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
	#include "element_type_map_tmpl.hh"
	#include "mesh_inline_impl.cc"

	#endif /* __AKANTU_MESH_HH__ */

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