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material_cohesive.cc
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/**
* @file material_cohesive.cc
* @author Marco Vocialta <marco.vocialta@epfl.ch>
* @date Tue Feb 7 18:24:52 2012
*
* @brief Specialization of the material class for cohesive elements
*
* @section LICENSE
*
* Copyright (©) 2010-2011 EPFL (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne)
* Laboratory (LSMS - Laboratoire de Simulation en Mécanique des Solides)
*
* Akantu is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
* terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by the Free
* Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any
* later version.
*
* Akantu is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
* WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
* A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Lesser General Public License for more
* details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
* along with Akantu. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*
*/
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
#include "material_cohesive.hh"
#include "solid_mechanics_model.hh"
#include "sparse_matrix.hh"
#include "dof_synchronizer.hh"
__BEGIN_AKANTU__
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
MaterialCohesive::MaterialCohesive(Model & model, const ID & id) :
Material(model,id),
reversible_energy("reversible_energy", id),
total_energy("total_energy", id),
tractions_old("tractions (old)",id),
opening_old("opening (old)",id),
tractions("tractions",id),
opening("opening",id) {
AKANTU_DEBUG_IN();
initInternalVector(reversible_energy, spatial_dimension);
initInternalVector(total_energy, spatial_dimension);
initInternalVector(tractions_old, spatial_dimension);
initInternalVector(tractions, spatial_dimension);
initInternalVector(opening_old, spatial_dimension);
initInternalVector(opening, spatial_dimension);
AKANTU_DEBUG_OUT();
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
MaterialCohesive::~MaterialCohesive() {
AKANTU_DEBUG_IN();
AKANTU_DEBUG_OUT();
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
bool MaterialCohesive::setParam(const std::string & key, const std::string & value,
const ID & id) {
return Material::setParam(key,value,id);
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
void MaterialCohesive::initMaterial() {
AKANTU_DEBUG_IN();
Material::initMaterial();
fem_cohesive = &(model->getFEMClass<MyFEMCohesiveType>("CohesiveFEM"));
resizeInternalVector(reversible_energy);
resizeInternalVector(total_energy);
resizeInternalVector(tractions_old);
resizeInternalVector(tractions);
resizeInternalVector(opening_old);
resizeInternalVector(opening);
AKANTU_DEBUG_OUT();
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/**
* Compute the residual by assembling @f$\int_{e} t_e N_e dS @f$
*
* @param[in] displacements nodes displacements
* @param[in] ghost_type compute the residual for _ghost or _not_ghost element
*/
void MaterialCohesive::updateResidual(Vector<Real> & displacement, GhostType ghost_type) {
AKANTU_DEBUG_IN();
/// compute traction
computeTraction(ghost_type);
/// update and assemble residual
assembleResidual(ghost_type);
/// compute energies
computeEnergies();
/// update old values
Mesh & mesh = model->getFEM().getMesh();
Mesh::type_iterator it = mesh.firstType(spatial_dimension, ghost_type);
Mesh::type_iterator last_type = mesh.lastType(spatial_dimension, ghost_type);
for(; it != last_type; ++it) {
tractions_old(*it, ghost_type).copy(tractions(*it, ghost_type));
opening_old(*it, ghost_type).copy(opening(*it, ghost_type));
}
AKANTU_DEBUG_OUT();
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
void MaterialCohesive::assembleResidual(GhostType ghost_type) {
AKANTU_DEBUG_IN();
UInt spatial_dimension = model->getSpatialDimension();
Vector<Real> & residual = const_cast<Vector<Real> &>(model->getResidual());
Mesh & mesh = model->getFEM().getMesh();
Mesh::type_iterator it = mesh.firstType(spatial_dimension, ghost_type);
Mesh::type_iterator last_type = mesh.lastType(spatial_dimension, ghost_type);
for(; it != last_type; ++it) {
const Vector<Real> & shapes = model->getFEM().getShapes(*it, ghost_type);
Vector<UInt> & elem_filter = element_filter(*it, ghost_type);
Vector<Real> & traction = tractions(*it, ghost_type);
UInt size_of_shapes = shapes.getNbComponent();
UInt nb_nodes_per_element = Mesh::getNbNodesPerElement(*it);
UInt nb_quadrature_points = model->getFEM().getNbQuadraturePoints(*it, ghost_type);
UInt nb_element = elem_filter.getSize();
/// compute @f$t_i N_a@f$
Real * shapes_val = shapes.storage();
UInt * elem_filter_val = elem_filter.storage();
Vector<Real> * shapes_filtered =
new Vector<Real>(nb_element*nb_quadrature_points, size_of_shapes, "filtered shapes");
Real * shapes_filtered_val = shapes_filtered->values;
for (UInt el = 0; el < nb_element; ++el) {
shapes_val = shapes.storage() + elem_filter_val[el] *
size_of_shapes * nb_quadrature_points;
memcpy(shapes_filtered_val, shapes_val,
size_of_shapes * nb_quadrature_points * sizeof(Real));
shapes_filtered_val += size_of_shapes * nb_quadrature_points;
}
// multiply traction by shapes
Vector<Real> traction_cpy(traction);
traction_cpy.extendComponentsInterlaced(size_of_shapes, spatial_dimension);
Real * traction_cpy_val = traction_cpy.storage();
for (UInt el = 0; el < nb_element; ++el) {
for (UInt q = 0; q < nb_quadrature_points; ++q) {
for (UInt n = 0; n < size_of_shapes; ++n,++shapes_val) {
for (UInt i = 0; i < spatial_dimension; ++i) {
*traction_cpy_val++ *= *shapes_filtered_val;
}
}
}
}
delete shapes_filtered;
/**
* compute @f$\int t \cdot N\, dS@f$ by @f$ \sum_q \mathbf{N}^t
* \mathbf{t}_q \overline w_q J_q@f$
*/
Vector<Real> int_t_N(nb_element,spatial_dimension*size_of_shapes,
"int_t_N");
model->getFEM().integrate(traction_cpy, int_t_N,
spatial_dimension*size_of_shapes,
*it, ghost_type,
&elem_filter);
int_t_N.extendComponentsInterlaced(2,spatial_dimension);
Real * int_t_N_val = int_t_N.storage();
for (UInt el = 0; el < nb_element; ++el) {
for (UInt n = 0; n < size_of_shapes*spatial_dimension; ++n) {
int_t_N_val[n] *= -1.;
}
int_t_N_val += nb_nodes_per_element*spatial_dimension;
}
/// assemble
model->getFEMBoundary().assembleVector(int_t_N, residual,
model->getDOFSynchronizer().getLocalDOFEquationNumbers(),
residual.getNbComponent(),
*it, ghost_type, &elem_filter, -1);
}
AKANTU_DEBUG_OUT();
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/**
* Compute traction from displacements
*
* @param[in] ghost_type compute the residual for _ghost or _not_ghost element
*/
void MaterialCohesive::computeTraction(GhostType ghost_type) {
AKANTU_DEBUG_IN();
UInt spatial_dimension = model->getSpatialDimension();
Mesh & mesh = model->getFEM().getMesh();
Mesh::type_iterator it = mesh.firstType(spatial_dimension, ghost_type);
Mesh::type_iterator last_type = mesh.lastType(spatial_dimension, ghost_type);
for(; it != last_type; ++it) {
Vector<UInt> & elem_filter = element_filter(*it, ghost_type);
UInt nb_element = elem_filter.getSize();
UInt nb_quadrature_points = nb_element*model->getFEM().getNbQuadraturePoints(*it, ghost_type);
Vector<Real> normal(nb_quadrature_points, spatial_dimension,
"normal");
/// compute normals @f$\mathbf{n}@f$
computeNormal(model->getCurrentPosition(), normal, *it, ghost_type);
/// compute openings @f$\mathbf{\delta}@f$
computeOpening(model->getDisplacement(), opening(*it, ghost_type), *it, ghost_type);
/// compute traction @f$\mathbf{t}@f$
computeTraction(normal, *it, ghost_type);
}
AKANTU_DEBUG_OUT();
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
void MaterialCohesive::computeNormal(const Vector<Real> & position,
Vector<Real> & normal,
ElementType type,
GhostType ghost_type) {
AKANTU_DEBUG_IN();
#define COMPUTE_NORMAL(type) \
fem_cohesive->getShapeFunctions(). \
computeNormalsOnControlPoints<type, CohesiveReduceFunctionMean>(position, \
normal, \
ghost_type, \
&(element_filter(type, ghost_type)))
AKANTU_BOOST_COHESIVE_ELEMENT_SWITCH(COMPUTE_NORMAL);
#undef COMPUTE_NORMAL
AKANTU_DEBUG_OUT();
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
void MaterialCohesive::computeOpening(const Vector<Real> & displacement,
Vector<Real> & opening,
ElementType type,
GhostType ghost_type) {
AKANTU_DEBUG_IN();
#define COMPUTE_OPENING(type) \
fem_cohesive->getShapeFunctions(). \
interpolateOnControlPoints<type, CohesiveReduceFunctionOpening>(displacement, \
opening, \
spatial_dimension, \
ghost_type, \
&(element_filter(type, ghost_type)))
AKANTU_BOOST_COHESIVE_ELEMENT_SWITCH(COMPUTE_OPENING);
#undef COMPUTE_OPENING
AKANTU_DEBUG_OUT();
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
void MaterialCohesive::computeEnergies() {
AKANTU_DEBUG_IN();
Mesh & mesh = model->getFEM().getMesh();
Mesh::type_iterator it = mesh.firstType(spatial_dimension);
Mesh::type_iterator last_type = mesh.lastType(spatial_dimension);
for(; it != last_type; ++it) {
Vector<Real>::iterator<Real> erev =
reversible_energy(*it, _not_ghost).begin();
Vector<Real>::iterator<Real> etot =
total_energy(*it, _not_ghost).begin();
Vector<Real>::iterator<types::RVector> traction_it =
tractions(*it, _not_ghost).begin(spatial_dimension);
Vector<Real>::iterator<types::RVector> traction_old_it =
tractions_old(*it, _not_ghost).begin(spatial_dimension);
Vector<Real>::iterator<types::RVector> opening_it =
opening(*it, _not_ghost).begin(spatial_dimension);
Vector<Real>::iterator<types::RVector> opening_old_it =
opening_old(*it, _not_ghost).begin(spatial_dimension);
Vector<Real>::iterator<types::RVector>traction_end =
tractions(*it, _not_ghost).end(spatial_dimension);
/// loop on each quadrature point
for (; traction_it != traction_end;
++traction_it, ++traction_old_it,
++opening_it, ++opening_old_it,
++erev, ++etot) {
/// trapezoidal integration
types::RVector b(spatial_dimension);
b = *opening_old_it;
b -= *opening_it;
types::RVector h(spatial_dimension);
h = *traction_old_it;
h += *traction_it;
*etot += .5 * b.dot(h);
*erev = .5 * traction_it->dot(*opening_it);
}
}
AKANTU_DEBUG_OUT();
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
Real MaterialCohesive::getReversibleEnergy() {
AKANTU_DEBUG_IN();
Real erev = 0.;
/// integrate the dissipated energy for each type of elements
Mesh & mesh = model->getFEM().getMesh();
Mesh::type_iterator it = mesh.firstType(spatial_dimension);
Mesh::type_iterator last_type = mesh.lastType(spatial_dimension);
for(; it != last_type; ++it) {
erev += model->getFEM().integrate(reversible_energy(*it, _not_ghost), *it,
_not_ghost, &element_filter(*it, _not_ghost));
}
AKANTU_DEBUG_OUT();
return erev;
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
Real MaterialCohesive::getDissipatedEnergy() {
AKANTU_DEBUG_IN();
Real edis = 0.;
/// integrate the dissipated energy for each type of elements
Mesh & mesh = model->getFEM().getMesh();
Mesh::type_iterator it = mesh.firstType(spatial_dimension);
Mesh::type_iterator last_type = mesh.lastType(spatial_dimension);
for(; it != last_type; ++it) {
Vector<Real> dissipated_energy(total_energy(*it));
dissipated_energy -= reversible_energy(*it);
edis += model->getFEM().integrate(dissipated_energy(*it), *it,
_not_ghost, &element_filter(*it));
}
AKANTU_DEBUG_OUT();
return edis;
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
void MaterialCohesive::printself(std::ostream & stream, int indent) const {
std::string space;
for(Int i = 0; i < indent; i++, space += AKANTU_INDENT);
stream << space << "Material Cohesive [" << std::endl;
Material::printself(stream, indent + 1);
stream << space << "]" << std::endl;
}
__END_AKANTU__

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