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material_viscoelastic_maxwell.cc
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rAKA akantu
material_viscoelastic_maxwell.cc
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/**
* @file material_viscoelastic_maxwell.hh
*
* @author Emil Gallyamov <emil.gallyamov@epfl.ch>
*
* @date creation: Tue May 08 2018
* @date last modification: Tue May 08 2018
*
* @brief Material Visco-elastic, based on Maxwell chain,
* see
* [] R. de Borst and A.H. van den Boogaard "Finite-element modeling of
* deformation and cracking in early-age concrete", J.Eng.Mech., 1994
* as well as
* [] Manual of DIANA FEA Theory manual v.10.2 Section 37.6
*
*
* Copyright (©) 2010-2018 EPFL (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne)
* Laboratory (LSMS - Laboratoire de Simulation en Mécanique des Solides)
*
* Akantu is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
* terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by the Free
* Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any
* later version.
*
* Akantu is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
* WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
* A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Lesser General Public License for more
* details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
* along with Akantu. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*
*/
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
#include "material_viscoelastic_maxwell.hh"
#include "solid_mechanics_model.hh"
namespace
akantu
{
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
template
<
UInt
spatial_dimension
>
MaterialViscoelasticMaxwell
<
spatial_dimension
>::
MaterialViscoelasticMaxwell
(
SolidMechanicsModel
&
model
,
const
ID
&
id
)
:
MaterialElastic
<
spatial_dimension
>
(
model
,
id
),
C
(
voigt_h
::
size
,
voigt_h
::
size
),
D
(
voigt_h
::
size
,
voigt_h
::
size
),
sigma_v
(
"sigma_v"
,
*
this
),
epsilon_v
(
"epsilon_v"
,
*
this
),
dissipated_energy
(
"dissipated_energy"
,
*
this
),
mechanical_work
(
"mechanical_work"
,
*
this
)
{
AKANTU_DEBUG_IN
();
this
->
registerParam
(
"Einf"
,
Einf
,
Real
(
1.
),
_pat_parsable
|
_pat_modifiable
,
"Stiffness of the elastic element"
);
this
->
registerParam
(
"previous_dt"
,
previous_dt
,
Real
(
0.
),
_pat_readable
,
"Time step of previous solveStep"
);
this
->
registerParam
(
"Eta"
,
Eta
,
_pat_parsable
|
_pat_modifiable
,
"Viscosity of a Maxwell element"
);
this
->
registerParam
(
"Ev"
,
Ev
,
_pat_parsable
|
_pat_modifiable
,
"Stiffness of a Maxwell element"
);
this
->
update_variable_flag
=
true
;
this
->
use_previous_stress
=
true
;
this
->
use_previous_gradu
=
true
;
this
->
use_previous_stress_thermal
=
true
;
this
->
dissipated_energy
.
initialize
(
1
);
this
->
mechanical_work
.
initialize
(
1
);
AKANTU_DEBUG_OUT
();
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
template
<
UInt
spatial_dimension
>
void
MaterialViscoelasticMaxwell
<
spatial_dimension
>::
initMaterial
()
{
AKANTU_DEBUG_IN
();
this
->
E
=
Einf
+
Ev
.
norm
<
L_1
>
();
// this->E = std::min(this->Einf, this->Ev(0));
MaterialElastic
<
spatial_dimension
>::
initMaterial
();
AKANTU_DEBUG_ASSERT
(
this
->
Eta
.
size
()
==
this
->
Ev
.
size
(),
"Eta and Ev have different dimensions! Please correct."
);
AKANTU_DEBUG_ASSERT
(
!
this
->
finite_deformation
,
"Current material works only in infinitesimal deformations."
);
UInt
stress_size
=
spatial_dimension
*
spatial_dimension
;
this
->
sigma_v
.
initialize
(
stress_size
*
this
->
Ev
.
size
());
this
->
epsilon_v
.
initialize
(
stress_size
*
this
->
Ev
.
size
());
AKANTU_DEBUG_OUT
();
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
template
<
UInt
spatial_dimension
>
void
MaterialViscoelasticMaxwell
<
spatial_dimension
>::
updateInternalParameters
()
{
MaterialElastic
<
spatial_dimension
>::
updateInternalParameters
();
Real
pre_mult
=
1
/
(
1
+
this
->
nu
)
/
(
1
-
2
*
this
->
nu
);
UInt
n
=
voigt_h
::
size
;
Real
Miiii
=
pre_mult
*
(
1
-
this
->
nu
);
Real
Miijj
=
pre_mult
*
this
->
nu
;
Real
Mijij
=
pre_mult
*
0.5
*
(
1
-
2
*
this
->
nu
);
Real
Diiii
=
1
;
Real
Diijj
=
-
this
->
nu
;
Real
Dijij
=
(
2
+
2
*
this
->
nu
);
if
(
spatial_dimension
==
1
)
{
C
(
0
,
0
)
=
1
;
D
(
0
,
0
)
=
1
;
}
else
{
C
(
0
,
0
)
=
Miiii
;
D
(
0
,
0
)
=
Diiii
;
}
if
(
spatial_dimension
>=
2
)
{
C
(
1
,
1
)
=
Miiii
;
C
(
0
,
1
)
=
Miijj
;
C
(
1
,
0
)
=
Miijj
;
C
(
n
-
1
,
n
-
1
)
=
Mijij
;
D
(
1
,
1
)
=
Diiii
;
D
(
0
,
1
)
=
Diijj
;
D
(
1
,
0
)
=
Diijj
;
D
(
n
-
1
,
n
-
1
)
=
Dijij
;
}
if
(
spatial_dimension
==
3
)
{
C
(
2
,
2
)
=
Miiii
;
C
(
0
,
2
)
=
Miijj
;
C
(
1
,
2
)
=
Miijj
;
C
(
2
,
0
)
=
Miijj
;
C
(
2
,
1
)
=
Miijj
;
C
(
3
,
3
)
=
Mijij
;
C
(
4
,
4
)
=
Mijij
;
D
(
2
,
2
)
=
Diiii
;
D
(
0
,
2
)
=
Diijj
;
D
(
1
,
2
)
=
Diijj
;
D
(
2
,
0
)
=
Diijj
;
D
(
2
,
1
)
=
Diijj
;
D
(
3
,
3
)
=
Dijij
;
D
(
4
,
4
)
=
Dijij
;
}
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
template
<>
void
MaterialViscoelasticMaxwell
<
2
>::
updateInternalParameters
()
{
MaterialElastic
<
2
>::
updateInternalParameters
();
Real
pre_mult
=
1
/
(
1
+
this
->
nu
)
/
(
1
-
2
*
this
->
nu
);
UInt
n
=
voigt_h
::
size
;
Real
Miiii
=
pre_mult
*
(
1
-
this
->
nu
);
Real
Miijj
=
pre_mult
*
this
->
nu
;
Real
Mijij
=
pre_mult
*
0.5
*
(
1
-
2
*
this
->
nu
);
Real
Diiii
=
1
;
Real
Diijj
=
-
this
->
nu
;
Real
Dijij
=
(
2
+
2
*
this
->
nu
);
C
(
0
,
0
)
=
Miiii
;
C
(
1
,
1
)
=
Miiii
;
C
(
0
,
1
)
=
Miijj
;
C
(
1
,
0
)
=
Miijj
;
C
(
n
-
1
,
n
-
1
)
=
Mijij
;
D
(
0
,
0
)
=
Diiii
;
D
(
1
,
1
)
=
Diiii
;
D
(
0
,
1
)
=
Diijj
;
D
(
1
,
0
)
=
Diijj
;
D
(
n
-
1
,
n
-
1
)
=
Dijij
;
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
template
<
UInt
spatial_dimension
>
void
MaterialViscoelasticMaxwell
<
spatial_dimension
>::
computeStress
(
ElementType
el_type
,
GhostType
ghost_type
)
{
AKANTU_DEBUG_IN
();
// NOLINTNEXTLINE(bugprone-parent-virtual-call)
MaterialThermal
<
spatial_dimension
>::
computeStress
(
el_type
,
ghost_type
);
auto
sigma_th_it
=
this
->
sigma_th
(
el_type
,
ghost_type
).
begin
();
auto
previous_gradu_it
=
this
->
gradu
.
previous
(
el_type
,
ghost_type
)
.
begin
(
spatial_dimension
,
spatial_dimension
);
auto
previous_stress_it
=
this
->
stress
.
previous
(
el_type
,
ghost_type
)
.
begin
(
spatial_dimension
,
spatial_dimension
);
auto
sigma_v_it
=
this
->
sigma_v
(
el_type
,
ghost_type
)
.
begin
(
spatial_dimension
,
spatial_dimension
,
this
->
Eta
.
size
());
MATERIAL_STRESS_QUADRATURE_POINT_LOOP_BEGIN
(
el_type
,
ghost_type
);
computeStressOnQuad
(
grad_u
,
*
previous_gradu_it
,
sigma
,
*
sigma_v_it
,
*
sigma_th_it
);
++
sigma_th_it
;
++
previous_gradu_it
;
++
sigma_v_it
;
MATERIAL_STRESS_QUADRATURE_POINT_LOOP_END
;
AKANTU_DEBUG_OUT
();
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
template
<
UInt
spatial_dimension
>
void
MaterialViscoelasticMaxwell
<
spatial_dimension
>::
computeStressOnQuad
(
const
Matrix
<
Real
>
&
grad_u
,
const
Matrix
<
Real
>
&
previous_grad_u
,
Matrix
<
Real
>
&
sigma
,
Tensor3
<
Real
>
&
sigma_v
,
const
Real
&
sigma_th
)
{
// Wikipedia convention:
// 2*eps_ij (i!=j) = voigt_eps_I
// http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voigt_notation
Vector
<
Real
>
voigt_current_strain
(
voigt_h
::
size
);
Vector
<
Real
>
voigt_previous_strain
(
voigt_h
::
size
);
Vector
<
Real
>
voigt_stress
(
voigt_h
::
size
);
Vector
<
Real
>
voigt_sigma_v
(
voigt_h
::
size
);
for
(
UInt
I
=
0
;
I
<
voigt_h
::
size
;
++
I
)
{
Real
voigt_factor
=
voigt_h
::
factors
[
I
];
UInt
i
=
voigt_h
::
vec
[
I
][
0
];
UInt
j
=
voigt_h
::
vec
[
I
][
1
];
voigt_current_strain
(
I
)
=
voigt_factor
*
(
grad_u
(
i
,
j
)
+
grad_u
(
j
,
i
))
/
2.
;
voigt_previous_strain
(
I
)
=
voigt_factor
*
(
previous_grad_u
(
i
,
j
)
+
previous_grad_u
(
j
,
i
))
/
2.
;
}
voigt_stress
=
this
->
Einf
*
this
->
C
*
voigt_current_strain
;
Real
dt
=
this
->
model
.
getTimeStep
();
for
(
UInt
k
=
0
;
k
<
Eta
.
size
();
++
k
)
{
Real
lambda
=
this
->
Eta
(
k
)
/
this
->
Ev
(
k
);
Real
exp_dt_lambda
=
exp
(
-
dt
/
lambda
);
Real
E_additional
;
if
(
exp_dt_lambda
==
1
)
{
E_additional
=
this
->
Ev
(
k
);
}
else
{
E_additional
=
(
1
-
exp_dt_lambda
)
*
this
->
Ev
(
k
)
*
lambda
/
dt
;
}
for
(
UInt
I
=
0
;
I
<
voigt_h
::
size
;
++
I
)
{
UInt
i
=
voigt_h
::
vec
[
I
][
0
];
UInt
j
=
voigt_h
::
vec
[
I
][
1
];
voigt_sigma_v
(
I
)
=
sigma_v
(
i
,
j
,
k
);
}
voigt_stress
+=
E_additional
*
this
->
C
*
(
voigt_current_strain
-
voigt_previous_strain
)
+
exp_dt_lambda
*
voigt_sigma_v
;
}
for
(
UInt
I
=
0
;
I
<
voigt_h
::
size
;
++
I
)
{
UInt
i
=
voigt_h
::
vec
[
I
][
0
];
UInt
j
=
voigt_h
::
vec
[
I
][
1
];
sigma
(
i
,
j
)
=
sigma
(
j
,
i
)
=
voigt_stress
(
I
)
+
Math
::
kronecker
(
i
,
j
)
*
sigma_th
;
}
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
template
<
UInt
spatial_dimension
>
void
MaterialViscoelasticMaxwell
<
spatial_dimension
>::
computePotentialEnergy
(
ElementType
el_type
)
{
AKANTU_DEBUG_IN
();
// NOLINTNEXTLINE(bugprone-parent-virtual-call)
MaterialThermal
<
spatial_dimension
>::
computePotentialEnergy
(
el_type
);
auto
epot
=
this
->
potential_energy
(
el_type
).
begin
();
auto
sigma_v_it
=
this
->
sigma_v
(
el_type
).
begin
(
spatial_dimension
,
spatial_dimension
,
this
->
Eta
.
size
());
auto
epsilon_v_it
=
this
->
epsilon_v
(
el_type
).
begin
(
spatial_dimension
,
spatial_dimension
,
this
->
Eta
.
size
());
MATERIAL_STRESS_QUADRATURE_POINT_LOOP_BEGIN
(
el_type
,
_not_ghost
);
this
->
computePotentialEnergyOnQuad
(
grad_u
,
*
epot
,
*
sigma_v_it
,
*
epsilon_v_it
);
++
epot
;
++
sigma_v_it
;
++
epsilon_v_it
;
MATERIAL_STRESS_QUADRATURE_POINT_LOOP_END
;
AKANTU_DEBUG_OUT
();
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
template
<
UInt
spatial_dimension
>
void
MaterialViscoelasticMaxwell
<
spatial_dimension
>::
computePotentialEnergyOnQuad
(
const
Matrix
<
Real
>
&
grad_u
,
Real
&
epot
,
Tensor3
<
Real
>
&
sigma_v
,
Tensor3
<
Real
>
&
epsilon_v
)
{
Vector
<
Real
>
voigt_strain
(
voigt_h
::
size
);
Vector
<
Real
>
voigt_stress
(
voigt_h
::
size
);
Vector
<
Real
>
voigt_sigma_v
(
voigt_h
::
size
);
for
(
UInt
I
=
0
;
I
<
voigt_h
::
size
;
++
I
)
{
Real
voigt_factor
=
voigt_h
::
factors
[
I
];
UInt
i
=
voigt_h
::
vec
[
I
][
0
];
UInt
j
=
voigt_h
::
vec
[
I
][
1
];
voigt_strain
(
I
)
=
voigt_factor
*
(
grad_u
(
i
,
j
)
+
grad_u
(
j
,
i
))
/
2.
;
}
voigt_stress
=
this
->
Einf
*
this
->
C
*
voigt_strain
;
epot
=
0.5
*
voigt_stress
.
dot
(
voigt_strain
);
for
(
UInt
k
=
0
;
k
<
this
->
Eta
.
size
();
++
k
)
{
Matrix
<
Real
>
stress_v
=
sigma_v
(
k
);
Matrix
<
Real
>
strain_v
=
epsilon_v
(
k
);
epot
+=
0.5
*
stress_v
.
doubleDot
(
strain_v
);
}
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
template
<
UInt
spatial_dimension
>
void
MaterialViscoelasticMaxwell
<
spatial_dimension
>::
afterSolveStep
(
bool
converged
)
{
Material
::
afterSolveStep
(
converged
);
if
(
not
converged
)
{
return
;
}
for
(
auto
&
el_type
:
this
->
element_filter
.
elementTypes
(
_all_dimensions
,
_not_ghost
,
_ek_not_defined
))
{
if
(
this
->
update_variable_flag
)
{
auto
previous_gradu_it
=
this
->
gradu
.
previous
(
el_type
,
_not_ghost
)
.
begin
(
spatial_dimension
,
spatial_dimension
);
auto
sigma_v_it
=
this
->
sigma_v
(
el_type
,
_not_ghost
)
.
begin
(
spatial_dimension
,
spatial_dimension
,
this
->
Eta
.
size
());
auto
epsilon_v_it
=
this
->
epsilon_v
(
el_type
,
_not_ghost
)
.
begin
(
spatial_dimension
,
spatial_dimension
,
this
->
Eta
.
size
());
MATERIAL_STRESS_QUADRATURE_POINT_LOOP_BEGIN
(
el_type
,
_not_ghost
);
updateIntVarOnQuad
(
grad_u
,
*
previous_gradu_it
,
*
sigma_v_it
,
*
epsilon_v_it
);
++
previous_gradu_it
;
++
sigma_v_it
;
++
epsilon_v_it
;
MATERIAL_STRESS_QUADRATURE_POINT_LOOP_END
;
}
this
->
updateDissipatedEnergy
(
el_type
);
}
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
template
<
UInt
spatial_dimension
>
void
MaterialViscoelasticMaxwell
<
spatial_dimension
>::
updateIntVarOnQuad
(
const
Matrix
<
Real
>
&
grad_u
,
const
Matrix
<
Real
>
&
previous_grad_u
,
Tensor3
<
Real
>
&
sigma_v
,
Tensor3
<
Real
>
&
epsilon_v
)
{
Matrix
<
Real
>
grad_delta_u
(
grad_u
);
grad_delta_u
-=
previous_grad_u
;
Real
dt
=
this
->
model
.
getTimeStep
();
Vector
<
Real
>
voigt_delta_strain
(
voigt_h
::
size
);
for
(
UInt
I
=
0
;
I
<
voigt_h
::
size
;
++
I
)
{
Real
voigt_factor
=
voigt_h
::
factors
[
I
];
UInt
i
=
voigt_h
::
vec
[
I
][
0
];
UInt
j
=
voigt_h
::
vec
[
I
][
1
];
voigt_delta_strain
(
I
)
=
voigt_factor
*
(
grad_delta_u
(
i
,
j
)
+
grad_delta_u
(
j
,
i
))
/
2.
;
}
for
(
UInt
k
=
0
;
k
<
this
->
Eta
.
size
();
++
k
)
{
Real
lambda
=
this
->
Eta
(
k
)
/
this
->
Ev
(
k
);
Real
exp_dt_lambda
=
exp
(
-
dt
/
lambda
);
Real
E_ef_v
;
if
(
exp_dt_lambda
==
1
)
{
E_ef_v
=
this
->
Ev
(
k
);
}
else
{
E_ef_v
=
(
1
-
exp_dt_lambda
)
*
this
->
Ev
(
k
)
*
lambda
/
dt
;
}
Vector
<
Real
>
voigt_sigma_v
(
voigt_h
::
size
);
Vector
<
Real
>
voigt_epsilon_v
(
voigt_h
::
size
);
for
(
UInt
I
=
0
;
I
<
voigt_h
::
size
;
++
I
)
{
UInt
i
=
voigt_h
::
vec
[
I
][
0
];
UInt
j
=
voigt_h
::
vec
[
I
][
1
];
voigt_sigma_v
(
I
)
=
sigma_v
(
i
,
j
,
k
);
}
voigt_sigma_v
=
exp_dt_lambda
*
voigt_sigma_v
+
E_ef_v
*
this
->
C
*
voigt_delta_strain
;
voigt_epsilon_v
=
1
/
Ev
(
k
)
*
this
->
D
*
voigt_sigma_v
;
for
(
UInt
I
=
0
;
I
<
voigt_h
::
size
;
++
I
)
{
UInt
i
=
voigt_h
::
vec
[
I
][
0
];
UInt
j
=
voigt_h
::
vec
[
I
][
1
];
sigma_v
(
i
,
j
,
k
)
=
sigma_v
(
j
,
i
,
k
)
=
voigt_sigma_v
(
I
);
epsilon_v
(
i
,
j
,
k
)
=
epsilon_v
(
j
,
i
,
k
)
=
voigt_epsilon_v
(
I
);
}
}
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
template
<
UInt
spatial_dimension
>
void
MaterialViscoelasticMaxwell
<
spatial_dimension
>::
computeTangentModuli
(
ElementType
el_type
,
Array
<
Real
>
&
tangent_matrix
,
GhostType
ghost_type
)
{
AKANTU_DEBUG_IN
();
Real
dt
=
this
->
model
.
getTimeStep
();
Real
E_ef
=
this
->
Einf
;
for
(
UInt
k
=
0
;
k
<
Eta
.
size
();
++
k
)
{
Real
lambda
=
this
->
Eta
(
k
)
/
this
->
Ev
(
k
);
Real
exp_dt_lambda
=
exp
(
-
dt
/
lambda
);
if
(
exp_dt_lambda
==
1
)
{
E_ef
+=
this
->
Ev
(
k
);
}
else
{
E_ef
+=
(
1
-
exp_dt_lambda
)
*
this
->
Ev
(
k
)
*
lambda
/
dt
;
}
}
this
->
previous_dt
=
dt
;
MATERIAL_TANGENT_QUADRATURE_POINT_LOOP_BEGIN
(
tangent_matrix
);
this
->
computeTangentModuliOnQuad
(
tangent
);
MATERIAL_TANGENT_QUADRATURE_POINT_LOOP_END
;
tangent_matrix
*=
E_ef
;
this
->
was_stiffness_assembled
=
true
;
AKANTU_DEBUG_OUT
();
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
template
<
UInt
spatial_dimension
>
void
MaterialViscoelasticMaxwell
<
spatial_dimension
>::
computeTangentModuliOnQuad
(
Matrix
<
Real
>
&
tangent
)
{
tangent
.
copy
(
C
);
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
template
<
UInt
spatial_dimension
>
void
MaterialViscoelasticMaxwell
<
spatial_dimension
>::
savePreviousState
()
{
for
(
auto
&
el_type
:
this
->
element_filter
.
elementTypes
(
_all_dimensions
,
_not_ghost
,
_ek_not_defined
))
{
auto
sigma_th_it
=
this
->
sigma_th
(
el_type
,
_not_ghost
).
begin
();
auto
previous_sigma_th_it
=
this
->
sigma_th
.
previous
(
el_type
,
_not_ghost
).
begin
();
auto
previous_gradu_it
=
this
->
gradu
.
previous
(
el_type
,
_not_ghost
)
.
begin
(
spatial_dimension
,
spatial_dimension
);
auto
previous_sigma_it
=
this
->
stress
.
previous
(
el_type
,
_not_ghost
)
.
begin
(
spatial_dimension
,
spatial_dimension
);
auto
sigma_v_it
=
this
->
sigma_v
(
el_type
,
_not_ghost
)
.
begin
(
spatial_dimension
,
spatial_dimension
,
this
->
Eta
.
size
());
MATERIAL_STRESS_QUADRATURE_POINT_LOOP_BEGIN
(
el_type
,
_not_ghost
);
auto
&
previous_grad_u
=
*
previous_gradu_it
;
auto
&
previous_sigma
=
*
previous_sigma_it
;
previous_grad_u
.
copy
(
grad_u
);
previous_sigma
.
copy
(
sigma
);
*
previous_sigma_th_it
=
*
sigma_th_it
;
++
previous_gradu_it
,
++
previous_sigma_it
,
++
previous_sigma_th_it
,
++
sigma_v_it
,
++
sigma_th_it
;
MATERIAL_STRESS_QUADRATURE_POINT_LOOP_END
;
}
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
template
<
UInt
spatial_dimension
>
void
MaterialViscoelasticMaxwell
<
spatial_dimension
>::
updateIntVariables
()
{
for
(
auto
&
el_type
:
this
->
element_filter
.
elementTypes
(
_all_dimensions
,
_not_ghost
,
_ek_not_defined
))
{
auto
previous_gradu_it
=
this
->
gradu
.
previous
(
el_type
,
_not_ghost
)
.
begin
(
spatial_dimension
,
spatial_dimension
);
auto
previous_sigma_it
=
this
->
stress
.
previous
(
el_type
,
_not_ghost
)
.
begin
(
spatial_dimension
,
spatial_dimension
);
auto
sigma_v_it
=
this
->
sigma_v
(
el_type
,
_not_ghost
)
.
begin
(
spatial_dimension
,
spatial_dimension
,
this
->
Eta
.
size
());
auto
epsilon_v_it
=
this
->
epsilon_v
(
el_type
,
_not_ghost
)
.
begin
(
spatial_dimension
,
spatial_dimension
,
this
->
Eta
.
size
());
MATERIAL_STRESS_QUADRATURE_POINT_LOOP_BEGIN
(
el_type
,
_not_ghost
);
updateIntVarOnQuad
(
grad_u
,
*
previous_gradu_it
,
*
sigma_v_it
,
*
epsilon_v_it
);
++
previous_gradu_it
;
++
sigma_v_it
;
++
epsilon_v_it
;
MATERIAL_STRESS_QUADRATURE_POINT_LOOP_END
;
}
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
template
<
UInt
spatial_dimension
>
void
MaterialViscoelasticMaxwell
<
spatial_dimension
>::
updateDissipatedEnergy
(
ElementType
el_type
)
{
AKANTU_DEBUG_IN
();
this
->
computePotentialEnergy
(
el_type
);
auto
epot
=
this
->
potential_energy
(
el_type
).
begin
();
auto
dis_energy
=
this
->
dissipated_energy
(
el_type
).
begin
();
auto
mech_work
=
this
->
mechanical_work
(
el_type
).
begin
();
auto
sigma_v_it
=
this
->
sigma_v
(
el_type
).
begin
(
spatial_dimension
,
spatial_dimension
,
this
->
Eta
.
size
());
auto
epsilon_v_it
=
this
->
epsilon_v
(
el_type
).
begin
(
spatial_dimension
,
spatial_dimension
,
this
->
Eta
.
size
());
auto
previous_gradu_it
=
this
->
gradu
.
previous
(
el_type
).
begin
(
spatial_dimension
,
spatial_dimension
);
auto
previous_sigma_it
=
this
->
stress
.
previous
(
el_type
).
begin
(
spatial_dimension
,
spatial_dimension
);
/// Loop on all quadrature points
MATERIAL_STRESS_QUADRATURE_POINT_LOOP_BEGIN
(
el_type
,
_not_ghost
);
updateDissipatedEnergyOnQuad
(
grad_u
,
*
previous_gradu_it
,
sigma
,
*
previous_sigma_it
,
*
dis_energy
,
*
mech_work
,
*
epot
);
++
previous_gradu_it
;
++
previous_sigma_it
;
++
dis_energy
;
++
mech_work
;
++
epot
;
MATERIAL_STRESS_QUADRATURE_POINT_LOOP_END
;
AKANTU_DEBUG_OUT
();
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
template
<
UInt
spatial_dimension
>
void
MaterialViscoelasticMaxwell
<
spatial_dimension
>::
updateDissipatedEnergyOnQuad
(
const
Matrix
<
Real
>
&
grad_u
,
const
Matrix
<
Real
>
&
previous_grad_u
,
const
Matrix
<
Real
>
&
sigma
,
const
Matrix
<
Real
>
&
previous_sigma
,
Real
&
dis_energy
,
Real
&
mech_work
,
const
Real
&
pot_energy
)
{
Real
dt
=
this
->
model
.
getTimeStep
();
Matrix
<
Real
>
strain_rate
=
grad_u
;
strain_rate
-=
previous_grad_u
;
strain_rate
/=
dt
;
Matrix
<
Real
>
av_stress
=
sigma
;
av_stress
+=
previous_sigma
;
av_stress
/=
2
;
mech_work
+=
av_stress
.
doubleDot
(
strain_rate
)
*
dt
;
dis_energy
=
mech_work
-
pot_energy
;
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
template
<
UInt
spatial_dimension
>
Real
MaterialViscoelasticMaxwell
<
spatial_dimension
>::
getDissipatedEnergy
()
const
{
AKANTU_DEBUG_IN
();
Real
de
=
0.
;
/// integrate the dissipated energy for each type of elements
for
(
auto
&
type
:
this
->
element_filter
.
elementTypes
(
spatial_dimension
,
_not_ghost
))
{
de
+=
this
->
fem
.
integrate
(
this
->
dissipated_energy
(
type
,
_not_ghost
),
type
,
_not_ghost
,
this
->
element_filter
(
type
,
_not_ghost
));
}
AKANTU_DEBUG_OUT
();
return
de
;
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
template
<
UInt
spatial_dimension
>
Real
MaterialViscoelasticMaxwell
<
spatial_dimension
>::
getDissipatedEnergy
(
ElementType
type
,
UInt
index
)
const
{
AKANTU_DEBUG_IN
();
UInt
nb_quadrature_points
=
this
->
fem
.
getNbIntegrationPoints
(
type
);
auto
it
=
this
->
dissipated_energy
(
type
,
_not_ghost
).
begin
(
nb_quadrature_points
);
UInt
gindex
=
(
this
->
element_filter
(
type
,
_not_ghost
))(
index
);
AKANTU_DEBUG_OUT
();
return
this
->
fem
.
integrate
(
it
[
index
],
type
,
gindex
);
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
template
<
UInt
spatial_dimension
>
Real
MaterialViscoelasticMaxwell
<
spatial_dimension
>::
getMechanicalWork
()
const
{
AKANTU_DEBUG_IN
();
Real
mw
=
0.
;
/// integrate the dissipated energy for each type of elements
for
(
auto
&
type
:
this
->
element_filter
.
elementTypes
(
spatial_dimension
,
_not_ghost
))
{
mw
+=
this
->
fem
.
integrate
(
this
->
mechanical_work
(
type
,
_not_ghost
),
type
,
_not_ghost
,
this
->
element_filter
(
type
,
_not_ghost
));
}
AKANTU_DEBUG_OUT
();
return
mw
;
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
template
<
UInt
spatial_dimension
>
Real
MaterialViscoelasticMaxwell
<
spatial_dimension
>::
getMechanicalWork
(
ElementType
type
,
UInt
index
)
const
{
AKANTU_DEBUG_IN
();
UInt
nb_quadrature_points
=
this
->
fem
.
getNbIntegrationPoints
(
type
);
auto
it
=
this
->
mechanical_work
(
type
,
_not_ghost
).
begin
(
nb_quadrature_points
);
UInt
gindex
=
(
this
->
element_filter
(
type
,
_not_ghost
))(
index
);
AKANTU_DEBUG_OUT
();
return
this
->
fem
.
integrate
(
it
[
index
],
type
,
gindex
);
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
template
<
UInt
spatial_dimension
>
Real
MaterialViscoelasticMaxwell
<
spatial_dimension
>::
getPotentialEnergy
()
const
{
AKANTU_DEBUG_IN
();
Real
epot
=
0.
;
/// integrate the dissipated energy for each type of elements
for
(
auto
&
type
:
this
->
element_filter
.
elementTypes
(
spatial_dimension
,
_not_ghost
))
{
epot
+=
this
->
fem
.
integrate
(
this
->
potential_energy
(
type
,
_not_ghost
),
type
,
_not_ghost
,
this
->
element_filter
(
type
,
_not_ghost
));
}
AKANTU_DEBUG_OUT
();
return
epot
;
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
template
<
UInt
spatial_dimension
>
Real
MaterialViscoelasticMaxwell
<
spatial_dimension
>::
getPotentialEnergy
(
ElementType
type
,
UInt
index
)
const
{
AKANTU_DEBUG_IN
();
UInt
nb_quadrature_points
=
this
->
fem
.
getNbIntegrationPoints
(
type
);
auto
it
=
this
->
potential_energy
(
type
,
_not_ghost
).
begin
(
nb_quadrature_points
);
UInt
gindex
=
(
this
->
element_filter
(
type
,
_not_ghost
))(
index
);
AKANTU_DEBUG_OUT
();
return
this
->
fem
.
integrate
(
it
[
index
],
type
,
gindex
);
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
template
<
UInt
spatial_dimension
>
Real
MaterialViscoelasticMaxwell
<
spatial_dimension
>::
getEnergy
(
const
std
::
string
&
type
)
{
if
(
type
==
"dissipated"
)
{
return
getDissipatedEnergy
();
}
if
(
type
==
"potential"
)
{
return
getPotentialEnergy
();
}
if
(
type
==
"work"
)
{
return
getMechanicalWork
();
}
return
MaterialElastic
<
spatial_dimension
>::
getEnergy
(
type
);
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
template
<
UInt
spatial_dimension
>
Real
MaterialViscoelasticMaxwell
<
spatial_dimension
>::
getEnergy
(
const
std
::
string
&
energy_id
,
ElementType
type
,
UInt
index
)
{
if
(
energy_id
==
"dissipated"
)
{
return
getDissipatedEnergy
(
type
,
index
);
}
if
(
energy_id
==
"potential"
)
{
return
getPotentialEnergy
(
type
,
index
);
}
if
(
energy_id
==
"work"
)
{
return
getMechanicalWork
(
type
,
index
);
}
return
MaterialElastic
<
spatial_dimension
>::
getEnergy
(
energy_id
,
type
,
index
);
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
template
<
UInt
spatial_dimension
>
void
MaterialViscoelasticMaxwell
<
spatial_dimension
>::
forceUpdateVariable
()
{
update_variable_flag
=
true
;
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
template
<
UInt
spatial_dimension
>
void
MaterialViscoelasticMaxwell
<
spatial_dimension
>::
forceNotUpdateVariable
()
{
update_variable_flag
=
false
;
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
INSTANTIATE_MATERIAL
(
viscoelastic_maxwell
,
MaterialViscoelasticMaxwell
);
}
// namespace akantu
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