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material_cohesive_linear.hh
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/**
* @file material_cohesive_linear.hh
*
* @author Mauro Corrado <mauro.corrado@epfl.ch>
* @author Nicolas Richart <nicolas.richart@epfl.ch>
* @author Marco Vocialta <marco.vocialta@epfl.ch>
*
* @date creation: Fri Jun 18 2010
* @date last modification: Wed Feb 21 2018
*
* @brief Linear irreversible cohesive law of mixed mode loading with
* random stress definition for extrinsic type
*
* @section LICENSE
*
* Copyright (©) 2010-2018 EPFL (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne)
* Laboratory (LSMS - Laboratoire de Simulation en Mécanique des Solides)
*
* Akantu is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
* terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by the Free
* Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any
* later version.
*
* Akantu is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
* WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
* A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Lesser General Public License for more
* details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
* along with Akantu. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*
*/
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
#include "material_cohesive.hh"
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
#ifndef __AKANTU_MATERIAL_COHESIVE_LINEAR_HH__
#define __AKANTU_MATERIAL_COHESIVE_LINEAR_HH__
namespace akantu {
/**
* Cohesive material linear damage for extrinsic case
*
* parameters in the material files :
* - sigma_c : critical stress sigma_c (default: 0)
* - beta : weighting parameter for sliding and normal opening (default:
* 0)
* - G_cI : fracture energy for mode I (default: 0)
* - G_cII : fracture energy for mode II (default: 0)
* - penalty : stiffness in compression to prevent penetration
*/
template <UInt spatial_dimension>
class MaterialCohesiveLinear : public MaterialCohesive {
/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
/* Constructors/Destructors */
/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
public:
MaterialCohesiveLinear(SolidMechanicsModel & model, const ID & id = "");
/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
/* Methods */
/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
public:
/// initialize the material parameters
void initMaterial() override;
void updateInternalParameters() override;
/// check stress for cohesive elements' insertion
void checkInsertion(bool check_only = false) override;
/// compute effective stress norm for insertion check
Real computeEffectiveNorm(const Matrix<Real> & stress,
const Vector<Real> & normal,
const Vector<Real> & tangent,
Vector<Real> & normal_stress) const;
protected:
/// constitutive law
void computeTraction(const Array<Real> & normal, ElementType el_type,
GhostType ghost_type = _not_ghost) override;
/// compute tangent stiffness matrix
void computeTangentTraction(const ElementType & el_type,
Array<Real> & tangent_matrix,
const Array<Real> & normal,
GhostType ghost_type) override;
/**
* Scale insertion traction sigma_c according to the volume of the
* two elements surrounding a facet
*
* see the article: F. Zhou and J. F. Molinari "Dynamic crack
* propagation with cohesive elements: a methodology to address mesh
* dependency" International Journal for Numerical Methods in
* Engineering (2004)
*/
void scaleInsertionTraction();
/// compute the traction for a given quadrature point
inline void computeTractionOnQuad(
Vector<Real> & traction, Vector<Real> & opening,
const Vector<Real> & normal, Real & delta_max, const Real & delta_c,
const Vector<Real> & insertion_stress, const Real & sigma_c,
Vector<Real> & normal_opening, Vector<Real> & tangential_opening,
Real & normal_opening_norm, Real & tangential_opening_norm, Real & damage,
bool & penetration, Vector<Real> & contact_traction,
Vector<Real> & contact_opening);
inline void computeTangentTractionOnQuad(
Matrix<Real> & tangent, Real & delta_max, const Real & delta_c,
const Real & sigma_c, Vector<Real> & opening, const Vector<Real> & normal,
Vector<Real> & normal_opening, Vector<Real> & tangential_opening,
Real & normal_opening_norm, Real & tangential_opening_norm, Real & damage,
bool & penetration, Vector<Real> & contact_opening);
/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
/* Accessors */
/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
public:
/// get sigma_c_eff
AKANTU_GET_MACRO_BY_ELEMENT_TYPE_CONST(InsertionTraction, sigma_c_eff, Real);
/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
/* Class Members */
/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
protected:
/// beta parameter
Real beta;
/// beta square inverse to compute effective norm
Real beta2_inv;
/// mode I fracture energy
Real G_c;
/// kappa parameter
Real kappa;
/// constitutive law scalar to compute delta
Real beta2_kappa2;
/// constitutive law scalar to compute traction
Real beta2_kappa;
/// penalty coefficient
Real penalty;
/// reference volume used to scale sigma_c
Real volume_s;
/// weibull exponent used to scale sigma_c
Real m_s;
/// variable defining if we are recomputing the last loading step
/// after load_reduction
bool recompute;
/// critical effective stress
RandomInternalField<Real, CohesiveInternalField> sigma_c_eff;
/// effective critical displacement (each element can have a
/// different value)
CohesiveInternalField<Real> delta_c_eff;
/// stress at insertion
CohesiveInternalField<Real> insertion_stress;
/// variable saying if there should be penalty contact also after
/// breaking the cohesive elements
bool contact_after_breaking;
/// insertion of cohesive element when stress is high enough just on
/// one quadrature point
bool max_quad_stress_insertion;
};
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/* inline functions */
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
} // namespace akantu
#include "material_cohesive_linear_inline_impl.cc"
#endif /* __AKANTU_MATERIAL_COHESIVE_LINEAR_HH__ */

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