diff --git a/src/read_data.cpp b/src/read_data.cpp
index 56a7651e0..dc687f7f0 100644
--- a/src/read_data.cpp
+++ b/src/read_data.cpp
@@ -1,1717 +1,1726 @@
 /* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
    LAMMPS - Large-scale Atomic/Molecular Massively Parallel Simulator
    http://lammps.sandia.gov, Sandia National Laboratories
    Steve Plimpton, sjplimp@sandia.gov
 
    Copyright (2003) Sandia Corporation.  Under the terms of Contract
    DE-AC04-94AL85000 with Sandia Corporation, the U.S. Government retains
    certain rights in this software.  This software is distributed under
    the GNU General Public License.
 
    See the README file in the top-level LAMMPS directory.
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
 
 #include "lmptype.h"
 #include "mpi.h"
 #include "math.h"
 #include "string.h"
 #include "stdlib.h"
 #include "ctype.h"
 #include "read_data.h"
 #include "atom.h"
 #include "atom_vec.h"
 #include "atom_vec_ellipsoid.h"
 #include "atom_vec_line.h"
 #include "atom_vec_tri.h"
 #include "comm.h"
 #include "update.h"
 #include "modify.h"
 #include "fix.h"
 #include "force.h"
 #include "pair.h"
 #include "domain.h"
 #include "bond.h"
 #include "angle.h"
 #include "dihedral.h"
 #include "improper.h"
 #include "special.h"
 #include "error.h"
 #include "memory.h"
 
 using namespace LAMMPS_NS;
 
 #define MAXLINE 256
 #define LB_FACTOR 1.1
 #define CHUNK 1024
 #define DELTA 4            // must be 2 or larger
 #define MAXBODY 20         // max # of lines in one body, also in Atom class
 
                            // customize for new sections
 #define NSECTIONS 25       // change when add to header::section_keywords
 
 /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
 
 ReadData::ReadData(LAMMPS *lmp) : Pointers(lmp)
 {
   MPI_Comm_rank(world,&me);
   line = new char[MAXLINE];
   keyword = new char[MAXLINE];
   buffer = new char[CHUNK*MAXLINE];
   narg = maxarg = 0;
   arg = NULL;
 
   // customize for new sections
   // pointers to atom styles that store extra info
 
   nellipsoids = 0;
   avec_ellipsoid = (AtomVecEllipsoid *) atom->style_match("ellipsoid");
   nlines = 0;
   avec_line = (AtomVecLine *) atom->style_match("line");
   ntris = 0;
   avec_tri = (AtomVecTri *) atom->style_match("tri");
   nbodies = 0;
   avec_body = (AtomVecBody *) atom->style_match("body");
 }
 
 /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
 
 ReadData::~ReadData()
 {
   delete [] line;
   delete [] keyword;
   delete [] buffer;
   memory->sfree(arg);
+
+  for (int i = 0; i < nfix; i++) {
+    delete [] fix_header[i];
+    delete [] fix_section[i];
+  }
+  memory->destroy(fix_index);
+  memory->sfree(fix_header);
+  memory->sfree(fix_section);
 }
 
 /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
 
 void ReadData::command(int narg, char **arg)
 {
   if (narg < 1) error->all(FLERR,"Illegal read_data command");
 
   if (domain->box_exist)
     error->all(FLERR,"Cannot read_data after simulation box is defined");
   if (domain->dimension == 2 && domain->zperiodic == 0)
     error->all(FLERR,"Cannot run 2d simulation with nonperiodic Z dimension");
 
   // fixes that process data file info
 
   nfix = 0;
   fix_index = NULL;
   fix_header = NULL;
   fix_section = NULL;
 
   int iarg = 1;
   while (iarg < narg) {
     if (strcmp(arg[iarg],"fix") == 0) {
       if (iarg+4 > narg)
         error->all(FLERR,"Illegal read_data command");
       memory->grow(fix_index,nfix+1,"read_data:fix_index");
       fix_header = (char **)
         memory->srealloc(fix_header,(nfix+1)*sizeof(char *),
                          "read_data:fix_header");
       fix_section = (char **)
         memory->srealloc(fix_section,(nfix+1)*sizeof(char *),
                          "read_data:fix_section");
       fix_index[nfix] = modify->find_fix(arg[iarg+1]);
       if (fix_index[nfix] < 0)
         error->all(FLERR,"Fix ID for read_data does not exist");
       int n = strlen(arg[iarg+2]) + 1;
       fix_header[nfix] = new char[n];
       strcpy(fix_header[nfix],arg[iarg+2]);
       n = strlen(arg[iarg+3]) + 1;
       fix_section[nfix] = new char[n];
       strcpy(fix_section[nfix],arg[iarg+3]);
       nfix++;
       iarg += 4;
     } else error->all(FLERR,"Illegal read_data command");
   }
 
   // scan data file to determine max topology needed per atom
   // allocate initial topology arrays
 
   if (atom->molecular) {
     if (me == 0) {
       if (screen) fprintf(screen,"Scanning data file ...\n");
       open(arg[0]);
       header(0);
       scan(atom->bond_per_atom,atom->angle_per_atom,
            atom->dihedral_per_atom,atom->improper_per_atom);
       if (compressed) pclose(fp);
       else fclose(fp);
       atom->bond_per_atom += atom->extra_bond_per_atom;
     }
 
     MPI_Bcast(&atom->bond_per_atom,1,MPI_INT,0,world);
     MPI_Bcast(&atom->angle_per_atom,1,MPI_INT,0,world);
     MPI_Bcast(&atom->dihedral_per_atom,1,MPI_INT,0,world);
     MPI_Bcast(&atom->improper_per_atom,1,MPI_INT,0,world);
 
   } else
     atom->bond_per_atom = atom->angle_per_atom =
       atom->dihedral_per_atom = atom->improper_per_atom = 0;
 
   // read header info
 
   if (me == 0) {
     if (screen) fprintf(screen,"Reading data file ...\n");
     open(arg[0]);
   }
   header(1);
   domain->box_exist = 1;
 
   // problem setup using info from header
 
   update->ntimestep = 0;
 
   int n;
   if (comm->nprocs == 1) n = static_cast<int> (atom->natoms);
   else n = static_cast<int> (LB_FACTOR * atom->natoms / comm->nprocs);
 
   atom->allocate_type_arrays();
   atom->avec->grow(n);
   n = atom->nmax;
 
   domain->print_box("  ");
   domain->set_initial_box();
   domain->set_global_box();
   comm->set_proc_grid();
   domain->set_local_box();
 
   // customize for new sections
   // read rest of file in free format
 
   int atomflag = 0;
 
   while (strlen(keyword)) {
 
     // allow special fixes first chance to match and process the section
     // if fix matches, continue to next section
 
     if (nfix) {
       for (n = 0; n < nfix; n++)
         if (strstr(line,fix_section[n])) {
           bigint nlines =
             modify->fix[fix_index[n]]->read_data_skip_lines(keyword);
           fix(n,keyword,nlines);
           parse_keyword(0,1);
           break;
         }
       if (n < nfix) continue;
     }
 
     if (strcmp(keyword,"Atoms") == 0) {
       atoms();
       atomflag = 1;
     } else if (strcmp(keyword,"Velocities") == 0) {
       if (atomflag == 0) error->all(FLERR,"Must read Atoms before Velocities");
       velocities();
 
     } else if (strcmp(keyword,"Ellipsoids") == 0) {
       if (!avec_ellipsoid)
         error->all(FLERR,"Invalid data file section: Ellipsoids");
       if (atomflag == 0) error->all(FLERR,"Must read Atoms before Ellipsoids");
       bonus(nellipsoids,(AtomVec *) avec_ellipsoid,"ellipsoids");
     } else if (strcmp(keyword,"Lines") == 0) {
       if (!avec_line)
         error->all(FLERR,"Invalid data file section: Lines");
       if (atomflag == 0) error->all(FLERR,"Must read Atoms before Lines");
       bonus(nlines,(AtomVec *) avec_line,"lines");
     } else if (strcmp(keyword,"Triangles") == 0) {
       if (!avec_tri)
         error->all(FLERR,"Invalid data file section: Triangles");
       if (atomflag == 0) error->all(FLERR,"Must read Atoms before Triangles");
       bonus(ntris,(AtomVec *) avec_tri,"triangles");
     } else if (strcmp(keyword,"Bodies") == 0) {
       if (!avec_body)
         error->all(FLERR,"Invalid data file section: Bodies");
       if (atomflag == 0) error->all(FLERR,"Must read Atoms before Bodies");
       bodies();
 
     } else if (strcmp(keyword,"Bonds") == 0) {
       if (atom->avec->bonds_allow == 0)
         error->all(FLERR,"Invalid data file section: Bonds");
       if (atomflag == 0) error->all(FLERR,"Must read Atoms before Bonds");
       bonds();
     } else if (strcmp(keyword,"Angles") == 0) {
       if (atom->avec->angles_allow == 0)
         error->all(FLERR,"Invalid data file section: Angles");
       if (atomflag == 0) error->all(FLERR,"Must read Atoms before Angles");
       angles();
     } else if (strcmp(keyword,"Dihedrals") == 0) {
       if (atom->avec->dihedrals_allow == 0)
         error->all(FLERR,"Invalid data file section: Dihedrals");
       if (atomflag == 0) error->all(FLERR,"Must read Atoms before Dihedrals");
       dihedrals();
     } else if (strcmp(keyword,"Impropers") == 0) {
       if (atom->avec->impropers_allow == 0)
         error->all(FLERR,"Invalid data file section: Impropers");
       if (atomflag == 0) error->all(FLERR,"Must read Atoms before Impropers");
       impropers();
 
     } else if (strcmp(keyword,"Masses") == 0) {
       mass();
     } else if (strcmp(keyword,"Pair Coeffs") == 0) {
       if (force->pair == NULL)
         error->all(FLERR,"Must define pair_style before Pair Coeffs");
       paircoeffs();
     } else if (strcmp(keyword,"PairIJ Coeffs") == 0) {
       if (force->pair == NULL)
         error->all(FLERR,"Must define pair_style before PairIJ Coeffs");
       pairIJcoeffs();
     } else if (strcmp(keyword,"Bond Coeffs") == 0) {
       if (atom->avec->bonds_allow == 0)
         error->all(FLERR,"Invalid data file section: Bond Coeffs");
       if (force->bond == NULL)
         error->all(FLERR,"Must define bond_style before Bond Coeffs");
       bondcoeffs();
     } else if (strcmp(keyword,"Angle Coeffs") == 0) {
       if (atom->avec->angles_allow == 0)
         error->all(FLERR,"Invalid data file section: Angle Coeffs");
       if (force->angle == NULL)
         error->all(FLERR,"Must define angle_style before Angle Coeffs");
       anglecoeffs(0);
     } else if (strcmp(keyword,"Dihedral Coeffs") == 0) {
       if (atom->avec->dihedrals_allow == 0)
         error->all(FLERR,"Invalid data file section: Dihedral Coeffs");
       if (force->dihedral == NULL)
         error->all(FLERR,"Must define dihedral_style before Dihedral Coeffs");
       dihedralcoeffs(0);
     } else if (strcmp(keyword,"Improper Coeffs") == 0) {
       if (atom->avec->impropers_allow == 0)
         error->all(FLERR,"Invalid data file section: Improper Coeffs");
       if (force->improper == NULL)
         error->all(FLERR,"Must define improper_style before Improper Coeffs");
       impropercoeffs(0);
 
     } else if (strcmp(keyword,"BondBond Coeffs") == 0) {
       if (atom->avec->angles_allow == 0)
         error->all(FLERR,"Invalid data file section: BondBond Coeffs");
       if (force->angle == NULL)
         error->all(FLERR,"Must define angle_style before BondBond Coeffs");
       anglecoeffs(1);
     } else if (strcmp(keyword,"BondAngle Coeffs") == 0) {
       if (atom->avec->angles_allow == 0)
         error->all(FLERR,"Invalid data file section: BondAngle Coeffs");
       if (force->angle == NULL)
         error->all(FLERR,"Must define angle_style before BondAngle Coeffs");
       anglecoeffs(2);
 
     } else if (strcmp(keyword,"MiddleBondTorsion Coeffs") == 0) {
       if (atom->avec->dihedrals_allow == 0)
         error->all(FLERR,"Invalid data file section: MiddleBondTorsion Coeffs");
       if (force->dihedral == NULL)
         error->all(FLERR,
                    "Must define dihedral_style before "
                    "MiddleBondTorsion Coeffs");
       dihedralcoeffs(1);
     } else if (strcmp(keyword,"EndBondTorsion Coeffs") == 0) {
       if (atom->avec->dihedrals_allow == 0)
         error->all(FLERR,"Invalid data file section: EndBondTorsion Coeffs");
       if (force->dihedral == NULL)
         error->all(FLERR,
                    "Must define dihedral_style before EndBondTorsion Coeffs");
       dihedralcoeffs(2);
     } else if (strcmp(keyword,"AngleTorsion Coeffs") == 0) {
       if (atom->avec->dihedrals_allow == 0)
         error->all(FLERR,"Invalid data file section: AngleTorsion Coeffs");
       if (force->dihedral == NULL)
         error->all(FLERR,
                    "Must define dihedral_style before AngleTorsion Coeffs");
       dihedralcoeffs(3);
     } else if (strcmp(keyword,"AngleAngleTorsion Coeffs") == 0) {
       if (atom->avec->dihedrals_allow == 0)
         error->all(FLERR,"Invalid data file section: AngleAngleTorsion Coeffs");
       if (force->dihedral == NULL)
         error->all(FLERR,
                    "Must define dihedral_style before "
                    "AngleAngleTorsion Coeffs");
       dihedralcoeffs(4);
     } else if (strcmp(keyword,"BondBond13 Coeffs") == 0) {
       if (atom->avec->dihedrals_allow == 0)
         error->all(FLERR,"Invalid data file section: BondBond13 Coeffs");
       if (force->dihedral == NULL)
         error->all(FLERR,"Must define dihedral_style before BondBond13 Coeffs");
       dihedralcoeffs(5);
 
     } else if (strcmp(keyword,"AngleAngle Coeffs") == 0) {
       if (atom->avec->impropers_allow == 0)
         error->all(FLERR,"Invalid data file section: AngleAngle Coeffs");
       if (force->improper == NULL)
         error->all(FLERR,"Must define improper_style before AngleAngle Coeffs");
       impropercoeffs(1);
 
     } else {
       char str[128];
       sprintf(str,"Unknown identifier in data file: %s",keyword);
       error->all(FLERR,str);
     }
 
     parse_keyword(0,1);
   }
 
   // close file
 
   if (me == 0) {
     if (compressed) pclose(fp);
     else fclose(fp);
   }
 
   // error if natoms > 0 yet no atoms were read
 
   if (atom->natoms > 0 && atomflag == 0)
     error->all(FLERR,"No atoms in data file");
 
   // create bond topology now that system is defined
 
   if (atom->molecular) {
     Special special(lmp);
     special.build();
   }
 }
 
 /* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
    read free-format header of data file
    if flag = 0, only called by proc 0
    if flag = 1, called by all procs so bcast lines as read them
    1st line and blank lines are skipped
    non-blank lines are checked for header keywords and leading value is read
    header ends with EOF or non-blank line containing no header keyword
      if EOF, line is set to blank line
      else line has first keyword line for rest of file
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
 
 void ReadData::header(int flag)
 {
   int n;
   char *ptr;
 
   // customize for new sections
 
   const char *section_keywords[NSECTIONS] =
     {"Atoms","Velocities","Ellipsoids","Lines","Triangles","Bodies",
      "Bonds","Angles","Dihedrals","Impropers",
      "Masses","Pair Coeffs","PairIJ Coeffs","Bond Coeffs","Angle Coeffs",
      "Dihedral Coeffs","Improper Coeffs",
      "BondBond Coeffs","BondAngle Coeffs","MiddleBondTorsion Coeffs",
      "EndBondTorsion Coeffs","AngleTorsion Coeffs",
      "AngleAngleTorsion Coeffs","BondBond13 Coeffs","AngleAngle Coeffs"};
 
   // skip 1st line of file
 
   if (me == 0) {
     char *eof = fgets(line,MAXLINE,fp);
     if (eof == NULL) error->one(FLERR,"Unexpected end of data file");
   }
 
   // customize for new header lines
 
   while (1) {
 
     // read a line and bcast length if flag is set
 
     if (me == 0) {
       if (fgets(line,MAXLINE,fp) == NULL) n = 0;
       else n = strlen(line) + 1;
     }
     if (flag) MPI_Bcast(&n,1,MPI_INT,0,world);
 
     // if n = 0 then end-of-file so return with blank line
 
     if (n == 0) {
       line[0] = '\0';
       return;
     }
 
     // bcast line if flag is set
 
     if (flag) MPI_Bcast(line,n,MPI_CHAR,0,world);
 
     // trim anything from '#' onward
     // if line is blank, continue
 
     if (ptr = strchr(line,'#')) *ptr = '\0';
     if (strspn(line," \t\n\r") == strlen(line)) continue;
 
     // allow special fixes first chance to match and process the line
     // if fix matches, continue to next header line
 
     if (nfix) {
       for (n = 0; n < nfix; n++)
         if (strstr(line,fix_header[n])) {
           modify->fix[fix_index[n]]->read_data_header(line);
           break;
         }
       if (n < nfix) continue;
     }
 
     // search line for header keyword and set corresponding variable
 
-    if (strstr(line,"atoms")) sscanf(line,BIGINT_FORMAT,&atom->natoms);
+    if (strstr(line,"atoms")) {
+      sscanf(line,BIGINT_FORMAT,&atom->natoms);
 
     // check for these first
     // otherwise "triangles" will be matched as "angles"
 
-    else if (strstr(line,"ellipsoids")) {
+    } else if (strstr(line,"ellipsoids")) {
       if (!avec_ellipsoid && me == 0)
         error->one(FLERR,"No ellipsoids allowed with this atom style");
       sscanf(line,BIGINT_FORMAT,&nellipsoids);
     } else if (strstr(line,"lines")) {
       if (!avec_line && me == 0)
         error->one(FLERR,"No lines allowed with this atom style");
       sscanf(line,BIGINT_FORMAT,&nlines);
     } else if (strstr(line,"triangles")) {
       if (!avec_tri && me == 0)
         error->one(FLERR,"No triangles allowed with this atom style");
       sscanf(line,BIGINT_FORMAT,&ntris);
     } else if (strstr(line,"bodies")) {
       if (!avec_body && me == 0)
         error->one(FLERR,"No bodies allowed with this atom style");
       sscanf(line,BIGINT_FORMAT,&nbodies);
     }
 
     else if (strstr(line,"bonds")) sscanf(line,BIGINT_FORMAT,&atom->nbonds);
     else if (strstr(line,"angles")) sscanf(line,BIGINT_FORMAT,&atom->nangles);
     else if (strstr(line,"dihedrals")) sscanf(line,BIGINT_FORMAT,
                                               &atom->ndihedrals);
     else if (strstr(line,"impropers")) sscanf(line,BIGINT_FORMAT,
                                               &atom->nimpropers);
 
     else if (strstr(line,"atom types")) sscanf(line,"%d",&atom->ntypes);
     else if (strstr(line,"bond types")) sscanf(line,"%d",&atom->nbondtypes);
     else if (strstr(line,"angle types")) sscanf(line,"%d",&atom->nangletypes);
     else if (strstr(line,"dihedral types"))
       sscanf(line,"%d",&atom->ndihedraltypes);
     else if (strstr(line,"improper types"))
       sscanf(line,"%d",&atom->nimpropertypes);
 
     else if (strstr(line,"extra bond per atom"))
       sscanf(line,"%d",&atom->extra_bond_per_atom);
 
     else if (strstr(line,"xlo xhi"))
       sscanf(line,"%lg %lg",&domain->boxlo[0],&domain->boxhi[0]);
     else if (strstr(line,"ylo yhi"))
       sscanf(line,"%lg %lg",&domain->boxlo[1],&domain->boxhi[1]);
     else if (strstr(line,"zlo zhi"))
       sscanf(line,"%lg %lg",&domain->boxlo[2],&domain->boxhi[2]);
     else if (strstr(line,"xy xz yz")) {
       domain->triclinic = 1;
       sscanf(line,"%lg %lg %lg",&domain->xy,&domain->xz,&domain->yz);
     } else break;
   }
 
   // error check on total system size
 
   if (atom->natoms < 0 || atom->natoms > MAXBIGINT ||
       atom->nbonds < 0 || atom->nbonds > MAXBIGINT ||
       atom->nangles < 0 || atom->nangles > MAXBIGINT ||
       atom->ndihedrals < 0 || atom->ndihedrals > MAXBIGINT ||
       atom->nimpropers < 0 || atom->nimpropers > MAXBIGINT) {
     if (me == 0) error->one(FLERR,"System in data file is too big");
   }
 
   // check that exiting string is a valid section keyword
 
   parse_keyword(1,flag);
   for (n = 0; n < NSECTIONS; n++)
     if (strcmp(keyword,section_keywords[n]) == 0) break;
   if (n == NSECTIONS && me == 0) {
     char str[128];
     sprintf(str,"Unknown identifier in data file: %s",keyword);
     error->one(FLERR,str);
   }
 
   // error check on consistency of header values
 
   if ((atom->nbonds || atom->nbondtypes) &&
       atom->avec->bonds_allow == 0 && me == 0)
     error->one(FLERR,"No bonds allowed with this atom style");
   if ((atom->nangles || atom->nangletypes) &&
       atom->avec->angles_allow == 0 && me == 0)
     error->one(FLERR,"No angles allowed with this atom style");
   if ((atom->ndihedrals || atom->ndihedraltypes) &&
       atom->avec->dihedrals_allow == 0 && me == 0)
     error->one(FLERR,"No dihedrals allowed with this atom style");
   if ((atom->nimpropers || atom->nimpropertypes) &&
       atom->avec->impropers_allow == 0 && me == 0)
     error->one(FLERR,"No impropers allowed with this atom style");
 
   if (atom->nbonds > 0 && atom->nbondtypes <= 0 && me == 0)
     error->one(FLERR,"Bonds defined but no bond types");
   if (atom->nangles > 0 && atom->nangletypes <= 0 && me == 0)
     error->one(FLERR,"Angles defined but no angle types");
   if (atom->ndihedrals > 0 && atom->ndihedraltypes <= 0 && me == 0)
     error->one(FLERR,"Dihedrals defined but no dihedral types");
   if (atom->nimpropers > 0 && atom->nimpropertypes <= 0 && me == 0)
     error->one(FLERR,"Impropers defined but no improper types");
 }
 
 /* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
    read all atoms
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
 
 void ReadData::atoms()
 {
   int i,m,nchunk;
 
   bigint nread = 0;
   bigint natoms = atom->natoms;
 
   while (nread < natoms) {
     if (natoms-nread > CHUNK) nchunk = CHUNK;
     else nchunk = natoms-nread;
     if (me == 0) {
       char *eof;
       m = 0;
       for (i = 0; i < nchunk; i++) {
         eof = fgets(&buffer[m],MAXLINE,fp);
         if (eof == NULL) error->one(FLERR,"Unexpected end of data file");
         m += strlen(&buffer[m]);
       }
       if (buffer[m-1] != '\n') strcpy(&buffer[m++],"\n");
       m++;
     }
     MPI_Bcast(&m,1,MPI_INT,0,world);
     MPI_Bcast(buffer,m,MPI_CHAR,0,world);
 
     atom->data_atoms(nchunk,buffer);
     nread += nchunk;
   }
 
   // check that all atoms were assigned correctly
 
   bigint tmp = atom->nlocal;
   MPI_Allreduce(&tmp,&natoms,1,MPI_LMP_BIGINT,MPI_SUM,world);
 
   if (me == 0) {
     if (screen) fprintf(screen,"  " BIGINT_FORMAT " atoms\n",natoms);
     if (logfile) fprintf(logfile,"  " BIGINT_FORMAT " atoms\n",natoms);
   }
 
   if (natoms != atom->natoms)
     error->all(FLERR,"Did not assign all atoms correctly");
 
   // if any atom ID < 0, error
   // if all atom IDs = 0, tag_enable = 0
   // if any atom ID > 0, error if any atom ID == 0
   // not checking if atom IDs > natoms or are unique
 
   int nlocal = atom->nlocal;
   int *tag = atom->tag;
 
   int flag = 0;
   for (int i = 0; i < nlocal; i++)
     if (tag[i] < 0) flag = 1;
   int flag_all;
   MPI_Allreduce(&flag,&flag_all,1,MPI_INT,MPI_SUM,world);
   if (flag_all)
     error->all(FLERR,"Invalid atom ID in Atoms section of data file");
 
   flag = 0;
   for (int i = 0; i < nlocal; i++)
     if (tag[i] > 0) flag = 1;
   MPI_Allreduce(&flag,&flag_all,1,MPI_INT,MPI_MAX,world);
   if (flag_all == 0) atom->tag_enable = 0;
 
   if (atom->tag_enable) {
     flag = 0;
     for (int i = 0; i < nlocal; i++)
       if (tag[i] == 0) flag = 1;
     MPI_Allreduce(&flag,&flag_all,1,MPI_INT,MPI_SUM,world);
     if (flag_all)
       error->all(FLERR,"Invalid atom ID in Atoms section of data file");
   }
 
   // create global mapping
 
   if (atom->map_style) {
     atom->map_init();
     atom->map_set();
   }
 }
 
 /* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
    read all velocities
    to find atoms, must build atom map if not a molecular system
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
 
 void ReadData::velocities()
 {
   int i,m,nchunk;
 
   int mapflag = 0;
   if (atom->map_style == 0) {
     mapflag = 1;
     atom->map_style = 1;
     atom->map_init();
     atom->map_set();
   }
 
   bigint nread = 0;
   bigint natoms = atom->natoms;
 
   while (nread < natoms) {
     if (natoms-nread > CHUNK) nchunk = CHUNK;
     else nchunk = natoms-nread;
     if (me == 0) {
       char *eof;
       m = 0;
       for (i = 0; i < nchunk; i++) {
         eof = fgets(&buffer[m],MAXLINE,fp);
         if (eof == NULL) error->one(FLERR,"Unexpected end of data file");
         m += strlen(&buffer[m]);
       }
       if (buffer[m-1] != '\n') strcpy(&buffer[m++],"\n");
       m++;
     }
     MPI_Bcast(&m,1,MPI_INT,0,world);
     MPI_Bcast(buffer,m,MPI_CHAR,0,world);
 
     atom->data_vels(nchunk,buffer);
     nread += nchunk;
   }
 
   if (mapflag) {
     atom->map_delete();
     atom->map_style = 0;
   }
 
   if (me == 0) {
     if (screen) fprintf(screen,"  " BIGINT_FORMAT " velocities\n",natoms);
     if (logfile) fprintf(logfile,"  " BIGINT_FORMAT " velocities\n",natoms);
   }
 }
 
 /* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
    read all bonus data
    to find atoms, must build atom map if not a molecular system
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
 
 void ReadData::bonus(bigint nbonus, AtomVec *ptr, const char *type)
 {
   int i,m,nchunk;
 
   int mapflag = 0;
   if (atom->map_style == 0) {
     mapflag = 1;
     atom->map_style = 1;
     atom->map_init();
     atom->map_set();
   }
 
   bigint nread = 0;
   bigint natoms = nbonus;
 
   while (nread < natoms) {
     if (natoms-nread > CHUNK) nchunk = CHUNK;
     else nchunk = natoms-nread;
     if (me == 0) {
       char *eof;
       m = 0;
       for (i = 0; i < nchunk; i++) {
         eof = fgets(&buffer[m],MAXLINE,fp);
         if (eof == NULL) error->one(FLERR,"Unexpected end of data file");
         m += strlen(&buffer[m]);
       }
       if (buffer[m-1] != '\n') strcpy(&buffer[m++],"\n");
       m++;
     }
     MPI_Bcast(&m,1,MPI_INT,0,world);
     MPI_Bcast(buffer,m,MPI_CHAR,0,world);
 
     atom->data_bonus(nchunk,buffer,ptr);
     nread += nchunk;
   }
 
   if (mapflag) {
     atom->map_delete();
     atom->map_style = 0;
   }
 
   if (me == 0) {
     if (screen) fprintf(screen,"  " BIGINT_FORMAT " %s\n",natoms,type);
     if (logfile) fprintf(logfile,"  " BIGINT_FORMAT " %s\n",natoms,type);
   }
 }
 
 /* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
    read all body data
    variable amount of info per body, described by ninteger and ndouble
    to find atoms, must build atom map if not a molecular system
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
 
 void ReadData::bodies()
 {
   int i,m,nchunk,nmax,ninteger,ndouble,tmp,onebody;
   char *eof;
 
   int mapflag = 0;
   if (atom->map_style == 0) {
     mapflag = 1;
     atom->map_style = 1;
     atom->map_init();
     atom->map_set();
   }
 
   // nmax = max # of bodies to read in this chunk
   // nchunk = actual # readr
 
   bigint nread = 0;
   bigint natoms = nbodies;
 
   while (nread < natoms) {
     if (natoms-nread > CHUNK) nmax = CHUNK;
     else nmax = natoms-nread;
 
     if (me == 0) {
       nchunk = 0;
       nlines = 0;
       m = 0;
 
       while (nchunk < nmax && nlines <= CHUNK-MAXBODY) {
         eof = fgets(&buffer[m],MAXLINE,fp);
         if (eof == NULL) error->one(FLERR,"Unexpected end of data file");
         sscanf(&buffer[m],"%d %d %d",&tmp,&ninteger,&ndouble);
         m += strlen(&buffer[m]);
 
         onebody = 0;
         if (ninteger) onebody += (ninteger-1)/10 + 1;
         if (ndouble) onebody += (ndouble-1)/10 + 1;
         if (onebody+1 > MAXBODY)
           error->one(FLERR,
                      "Too many lines in one body in data file - boost MAXBODY");
 
         for (i = 0; i < onebody; i++) {
           eof = fgets(&buffer[m],MAXLINE,fp);
           if (eof == NULL) error->one(FLERR,"Unexpected end of data file");
           m += strlen(&buffer[m]);
         }
 
         nchunk++;
         nlines += onebody+1;
       }
 
       if (buffer[m-1] != '\n') strcpy(&buffer[m++],"\n");
       m++;
     }
 
     MPI_Bcast(&nchunk,1,MPI_INT,0,world);
     MPI_Bcast(&m,1,MPI_INT,0,world);
     MPI_Bcast(buffer,m,MPI_CHAR,0,world);
 
     atom->data_bodies(nchunk,buffer,avec_body);
     nread += nchunk;
   }
 
   if (mapflag) {
     atom->map_delete();
     atom->map_style = 0;
   }
 
   if (me == 0) {
     if (screen) fprintf(screen,"  " BIGINT_FORMAT " bodies\n",natoms);
     if (logfile) fprintf(logfile,"  " BIGINT_FORMAT " bodies\n",natoms);
   }
 }
 
 /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
 
 void ReadData::bonds()
 {
   int i,m,nchunk;
 
   bigint nread = 0;
   bigint nbonds = atom->nbonds;
 
   while (nread < nbonds) {
     nchunk = MIN(nbonds-nread,CHUNK);
     if (me == 0) {
       char *eof;
       m = 0;
       for (i = 0; i < nchunk; i++) {
         eof = fgets(&buffer[m],MAXLINE,fp);
         if (eof == NULL) error->one(FLERR,"Unexpected end of data file");
         m += strlen(&buffer[m]);
       }
       if (buffer[m-1] != '\n') strcpy(&buffer[m++],"\n");
       m++;
     }
     MPI_Bcast(&m,1,MPI_INT,0,world);
     MPI_Bcast(buffer,m,MPI_CHAR,0,world);
 
     atom->data_bonds(nchunk,buffer);
     nread += nchunk;
   }
 
   // check that bonds were assigned correctly
 
   int nlocal = atom->nlocal;
   bigint sum;
   bigint n = 0;
   for (i = 0; i < nlocal; i++) n += atom->num_bond[i];
   MPI_Allreduce(&n,&sum,1,MPI_LMP_BIGINT,MPI_SUM,world);
   int factor = 1;
   if (!force->newton_bond) factor = 2;
 
   if (me == 0) {
     if (screen) fprintf(screen,"  " BIGINT_FORMAT " bonds\n",sum/factor);
     if (logfile) fprintf(logfile,"  " BIGINT_FORMAT " bonds\n",sum/factor);
   }
   if (sum != factor*atom->nbonds)
     error->all(FLERR,"Bonds assigned incorrectly");
 }
 
 /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
 
 void ReadData::angles()
 {
   int i,m,nchunk;
 
   bigint nread = 0;
   bigint nangles = atom->nangles;
 
   while (nread < nangles) {
     nchunk = MIN(nangles-nread,CHUNK);
     if (me == 0) {
       char *eof;
       m = 0;
       for (i = 0; i < nchunk; i++) {
         eof = fgets(&buffer[m],MAXLINE,fp);
         if (eof == NULL) error->one(FLERR,"Unexpected end of data file");
         m += strlen(&buffer[m]);
       }
       if (buffer[m-1] != '\n') strcpy(&buffer[m++],"\n");
       m++;
     }
     MPI_Bcast(&m,1,MPI_INT,0,world);
     MPI_Bcast(buffer,m,MPI_CHAR,0,world);
 
     atom->data_angles(nchunk,buffer);
     nread += nchunk;
   }
 
   // check that ang
 
   int nlocal = atom->nlocal;
   bigint sum;
   bigint n = 0;
   for (i = 0; i < nlocal; i++) n += atom->num_angle[i];
   MPI_Allreduce(&n,&sum,1,MPI_LMP_BIGINT,MPI_SUM,world);
   int factor = 1;
   if (!force->newton_bond) factor = 3;
 
   if (me == 0) {
     if (screen) fprintf(screen,"  " BIGINT_FORMAT " angles\n",sum/factor);
     if (logfile) fprintf(logfile,"  " BIGINT_FORMAT " angles\n",sum/factor);
   }
   if (sum != factor*atom->nangles)
     error->all(FLERR,"Angles assigned incorrectly");
 }
 
 /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
 
 void ReadData::dihedrals()
 {
   int i,m,nchunk;
 
   bigint nread = 0;
   bigint ndihedrals = atom->ndihedrals;
 
   while (nread < ndihedrals) {
     nchunk = MIN(ndihedrals-nread,CHUNK);
     if (me == 0) {
       char *eof;
       m = 0;
       for (i = 0; i < nchunk; i++) {
         eof = fgets(&buffer[m],MAXLINE,fp);
         if (eof == NULL) error->one(FLERR,"Unexpected end of data file");
         m += strlen(&buffer[m]);
       }
       if (buffer[m-1] != '\n') strcpy(&buffer[m++],"\n");
       m++;
     }
     MPI_Bcast(&m,1,MPI_INT,0,world);
     MPI_Bcast(buffer,m,MPI_CHAR,0,world);
 
     atom->data_dihedrals(nchunk,buffer);
     nread += nchunk;
   }
 
   // check that dihedrals were assigned correctly
 
   int nlocal = atom->nlocal;
   bigint sum;
   bigint n = 0;
   for (i = 0; i < nlocal; i++) n += atom->num_dihedral[i];
   MPI_Allreduce(&n,&sum,1,MPI_LMP_BIGINT,MPI_SUM,world);
   int factor = 1;
   if (!force->newton_bond) factor = 4;
 
   if (me == 0) {
     if (screen) fprintf(screen,"  " BIGINT_FORMAT " dihedrals\n",sum/factor);
     if (logfile) fprintf(logfile,"  " BIGINT_FORMAT " dihedrals\n",sum/factor);
   }
   if (sum != factor*atom->ndihedrals)
     error->all(FLERR,"Dihedrals assigned incorrectly");
 }
 
 /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
 
 void ReadData::impropers()
 {
   int i,m,nchunk;
 
   bigint nread = 0;
   bigint nimpropers = atom->nimpropers;
 
   while (nread < nimpropers) {
     nchunk = MIN(nimpropers-nread,CHUNK);
     if (me == 0) {
       char *eof;
       m = 0;
       for (i = 0; i < nchunk; i++) {
         eof = fgets(&buffer[m],MAXLINE,fp);
         if (eof == NULL) error->one(FLERR,"Unexpected end of data file");
         m += strlen(&buffer[m]);
       }
       if (buffer[m-1] != '\n') strcpy(&buffer[m++],"\n");
       m++;
     }
     MPI_Bcast(&m,1,MPI_INT,0,world);
     MPI_Bcast(buffer,m,MPI_CHAR,0,world);
 
     atom->data_impropers(nchunk,buffer);
     nread += nchunk;
   }
 
   // check that impropers were assigned correctly
 
   int nlocal = atom->nlocal;
   bigint sum;
   bigint n = 0;
   for (i = 0; i < nlocal; i++) n += atom->num_improper[i];
   MPI_Allreduce(&n,&sum,1,MPI_LMP_BIGINT,MPI_SUM,world);
   int factor = 1;
   if (!force->newton_bond) factor = 4;
 
   if (me == 0) {
     if (screen) fprintf(screen,"  " BIGINT_FORMAT " impropers\n",sum/factor);
     if (logfile) fprintf(logfile,"  " BIGINT_FORMAT " impropers\n",sum/factor);
   }
   if (sum != factor*atom->nimpropers)
     error->all(FLERR,"Impropers assigned incorrectly");
 }
 
 /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
 
 void ReadData::mass()
 {
   int i,m;
   char *buf = new char[atom->ntypes*MAXLINE];
   char *original = buf;
 
   if (me == 0) {
     char *eof;
     m = 0;
     for (i = 0; i < atom->ntypes; i++) {
       eof = fgets(&buf[m],MAXLINE,fp);
       if (eof == NULL) error->one(FLERR,"Unexpected end of data file");
       m += strlen(&buf[m]);
       if (buf[m-1] != '\n') strcpy(&buf[m++],"\n");
       buf[m-1] = '\0';
     }
   }
 
   MPI_Bcast(&m,1,MPI_INT,0,world);
   MPI_Bcast(buf,m,MPI_CHAR,0,world);
 
   for (i = 0; i < atom->ntypes; i++) {
     atom->set_mass(buf);
     buf += strlen(buf) + 1;
   }
   delete [] original;
 }
 
 /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
 
 void ReadData::paircoeffs()
 {
   int i,m;
   char *buf = new char[atom->ntypes*MAXLINE];
   char *original = buf;
 
   if (me == 0) {
     char *eof;
     m = 0;
     for (i = 0; i < atom->ntypes; i++) {
       eof = fgets(&buf[m],MAXLINE,fp);
       if (eof == NULL) error->one(FLERR,"Unexpected end of data file");
       m += strlen(&buf[m]);
       if (buf[m-1] != '\n') strcpy(&buf[m++],"\n");
       buf[m-1] = '\0';
     }
   }
 
   MPI_Bcast(&m,1,MPI_INT,0,world);
   MPI_Bcast(buf,m,MPI_CHAR,0,world);
 
   for (i = 0; i < atom->ntypes; i++) {
     m = strlen(buf) + 1;
     parse_coeffs(buf,NULL,1);
     force->pair->coeff(narg,arg);
     buf += m;
   }
   delete [] original;
 }
 
 /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
 
 void ReadData::pairIJcoeffs()
 {
   int i,j,m;
   char *buf = new char[atom->ntypes*(atom->ntypes+1)/2 * MAXLINE];
   char *original = buf;
 
   if (me == 0) {
     char *eof;
     m = 0;
     for (i = 0; i < atom->ntypes; i++)
       for (j = i; j < atom->ntypes; j++) {
         eof = fgets(&buf[m],MAXLINE,fp);
         if (eof == NULL) error->one(FLERR,"Unexpected end of data file");
         m += strlen(&buf[m]);
         if (buf[m-1] != '\n') strcpy(&buf[m++],"\n");
         buf[m-1] = '\0';
       }
   }
 
   MPI_Bcast(&m,1,MPI_INT,0,world);
   MPI_Bcast(buf,m,MPI_CHAR,0,world);
 
   for (i = 0; i < atom->ntypes; i++)
     for (j = i; j < atom->ntypes; j++) {
       m = strlen(buf) + 1;
       parse_coeffs(buf,NULL,0);
       force->pair->coeff(narg,arg);
       buf += m;
     }
   delete [] original;
 }
 
 /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
 
 void ReadData::bondcoeffs()
 {
   int i,m;
   char *buf = new char[atom->nbondtypes*MAXLINE];
   char *original = buf;
 
   if (me == 0) {
     char *eof;
     m = 0;
     for (i = 0; i < atom->nbondtypes; i++) {
       eof = fgets(&buf[m],MAXLINE,fp);
       if (eof == NULL) error->one(FLERR,"Unexpected end of data file");
       m += strlen(&buf[m]);
       if (buf[m-1] != '\n') strcpy(&buf[m++],"\n");
       buf[m-1] = '\0';
     }
   }
 
   MPI_Bcast(&m,1,MPI_INT,0,world);
   MPI_Bcast(buf,m,MPI_CHAR,0,world);
 
   for (i = 0; i < atom->nbondtypes; i++) {
     m = strlen(buf) + 1;
     parse_coeffs(buf,NULL,0);
     force->bond->coeff(narg,arg);
     buf += m;
   }
   delete [] original;
 }
 
 /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
 
 void ReadData::anglecoeffs(int which)
 {
   int i,m;
   char *buf = new char[atom->nangletypes*MAXLINE];
   char *original = buf;
 
   if (me == 0) {
     char *eof;
     m = 0;
     for (i = 0; i < atom->nangletypes; i++) {
       eof = fgets(&buf[m],MAXLINE,fp);
       if (eof == NULL) error->one(FLERR,"Unexpected end of data file");
       m += strlen(&buf[m]);
       if (buf[m-1] != '\n') strcpy(&buf[m++],"\n");
       buf[m-1] = '\0';
     }
   }
 
   MPI_Bcast(&m,1,MPI_INT,0,world);
   MPI_Bcast(buf,m,MPI_CHAR,0,world);
 
   for (i = 0; i < atom->nangletypes; i++) {
     m = strlen(buf) + 1;
     if (which == 0) parse_coeffs(buf,NULL,0);
     else if (which == 1) parse_coeffs(buf,"bb",0);
     else if (which == 2) parse_coeffs(buf,"ba",0);
     force->angle->coeff(narg,arg);
     buf += m;
   }
   delete [] original;
 }
 
 /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
 
 void ReadData::dihedralcoeffs(int which)
 {
   int i,m;
   char *buf = new char[atom->ndihedraltypes*MAXLINE];
   char *original = buf;
 
   if (me == 0) {
     char *eof;
     m = 0;
     for (i = 0; i < atom->ndihedraltypes; i++) {
       eof = fgets(&buf[m],MAXLINE,fp);
       if (eof == NULL) error->one(FLERR,"Unexpected end of data file");
       m += strlen(&buf[m]);
       if (buf[m-1] != '\n') strcpy(&buf[m++],"\n");
       buf[m-1] = '\0';
     }
   }
 
   MPI_Bcast(&m,1,MPI_INT,0,world);
   MPI_Bcast(buf,m,MPI_CHAR,0,world);
 
   for (i = 0; i < atom->ndihedraltypes; i++) {
     m = strlen(buf) + 1;
     if (which == 0) parse_coeffs(buf,NULL,0);
     else if (which == 1) parse_coeffs(buf,"mbt",0);
     else if (which == 2) parse_coeffs(buf,"ebt",0);
     else if (which == 3) parse_coeffs(buf,"at",0);
     else if (which == 4) parse_coeffs(buf,"aat",0);
     else if (which == 5) parse_coeffs(buf,"bb13",0);
     force->dihedral->coeff(narg,arg);
     buf += m;
   }
   delete [] original;
 }
 
 /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
 
 void ReadData::impropercoeffs(int which)
 {
   int i,m;
   char *buf = new char[atom->nimpropertypes*MAXLINE];
   char *original = buf;
 
   if (me == 0) {
     char *eof;
     m = 0;
     for (i = 0; i < atom->nimpropertypes; i++) {
       eof = fgets(&buf[m],MAXLINE,fp);
       if (eof == NULL) error->one(FLERR,"Unexpected end of data file");
       m += strlen(&buf[m]);
       if (buf[m-1] != '\n') strcpy(&buf[m++],"\n");
       buf[m-1] = '\0';
     }
   }
 
   MPI_Bcast(&m,1,MPI_INT,0,world);
   MPI_Bcast(buf,m,MPI_CHAR,0,world);
 
   for (i = 0; i < atom->nimpropertypes; i++) {
     m = strlen(buf) + 1;
     if (which == 0) parse_coeffs(buf,NULL,0);
     else if (which == 1) parse_coeffs(buf,"aa",0);
     force->improper->coeff(narg,arg);
     buf += m;
   }
   delete [] original;
 }
 
 /* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
    read fix section, pass lines to fix to process
    n = index of fix
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
 
 void ReadData::fix(int ifix, char *line, bigint nlines)
 {
   int i,m,nchunk;
 
   bigint nread = 0;
 
   while (nread < nlines) {
     if (nlines-nread > CHUNK) nchunk = CHUNK;
     else nchunk = nlines-nread;
     if (me == 0) {
       char *eof;
       m = 0;
       for (i = 0; i < nchunk; i++) {
         eof = fgets(&buffer[m],MAXLINE,fp);
         if (eof == NULL) error->one(FLERR,"Unexpected end of data file");
         m += strlen(&buffer[m]);
       }
       if (buffer[m-1] != '\n') strcpy(&buffer[m++],"\n");
       m++;
     }
     MPI_Bcast(&m,1,MPI_INT,0,world);
     MPI_Bcast(buffer,m,MPI_CHAR,0,world);
 
     modify->fix[ifix]->read_data_section(line,nchunk,buffer);
     nread += nchunk;
   }
 }
 
 /* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
    proc 0 scans the data file for topology maximums
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
 
 void ReadData::scan(int &bond_per_atom, int &angle_per_atom,
                     int &dihedral_per_atom, int &improper_per_atom)
 {
   int i,tmp1,tmp2,atom1,atom2,atom3,atom4;
   char *eof;
 
   if (atom->natoms > MAXSMALLINT)
     error->one(FLERR,"Molecular data file has too many atoms");
 
   // customize for new sections
 
   int natoms = static_cast<int> (atom->natoms);
   bond_per_atom = angle_per_atom = dihedral_per_atom = improper_per_atom = 0;
   int ellipsoid_flag = 0;
   int line_flag = 0;
   int tri_flag = 0;
   int body_flag = 0;
 
   // customize for new sections
   // allocate topology counting vector
   // initially, array length = 1 to natoms
   // will grow via reallocate() if atom IDs > natoms
 
   int cmax = natoms + 1;
   int *count;
   memory->create(count,cmax,"read_data:count");
 
   while (strlen(keyword)) {
 
     // allow special fixes first chance to match and process the section
     // if fix matches, continue to next section
 
     if (nfix) {
       for (i = 0; i < nfix; i++) {
         printf("LINE SECTION %s %s\n",line,fix_section[i]);
         if (strstr(line,fix_section[i])) {
           int n = modify->fix[fix_index[i]]->read_data_skip_lines(keyword);
           printf("NLINES SKIP %d\n",n);
           skip_lines(n);
           parse_keyword(0,0);
           break;
         }
       }
       if (i < nfix) continue;
     }
 
     if (strcmp(keyword,"Masses") == 0) skip_lines(atom->ntypes);
     else if (strcmp(keyword,"Atoms") == 0) skip_lines(natoms);
     else if (strcmp(keyword,"Velocities") == 0) skip_lines(natoms);
 
     else if (strcmp(keyword,"Ellipsoids") == 0) {
       if (!avec_ellipsoid)
         error->one(FLERR,"Invalid data file section: Ellipsoids");
       ellipsoid_flag = 1;
       skip_lines(nellipsoids);
     } else if (strcmp(keyword,"Lines") == 0) {
       if (!avec_line) error->one(FLERR,"Invalid data file section: Lines");
       line_flag = 1;
       skip_lines(nlines);
     } else if (strcmp(keyword,"Triangles") == 0) {
       if (!avec_tri) error->one(FLERR,"Invalid data file section: Triangles");
       tri_flag = 1;
       skip_lines(ntris);
     } else if (strcmp(keyword,"Bodies") == 0) {
       if (!avec_body) error->one(FLERR,"Invalid data file section: Bodies");
       body_flag = 1;
       skip_lines(nbodies);
 
     } else if (strcmp(keyword,"Pair Coeffs") == 0) {
       if (force->pair == NULL)
         error->one(FLERR,"Must define pair_style before Pair Coeffs");
       skip_lines(atom->ntypes);
     } else if (strcmp(keyword,"PairIJ Coeffs") == 0) {
       if (force->pair == NULL)
         error->one(FLERR,"Must define pair_style before Pair Coeffs");
       skip_lines(atom->ntypes*(atom->ntypes+1)/2);
     } else if (strcmp(keyword,"Bond Coeffs") == 0) {
       if (atom->avec->bonds_allow == 0)
         error->one(FLERR,"Invalid data file section: Bond Coeffs");
       if (force->bond == NULL)
         error->one(FLERR,"Must define bond_style before Bond Coeffs");
       skip_lines(atom->nbondtypes);
     } else if (strcmp(keyword,"Angle Coeffs") == 0) {
       if (atom->avec->angles_allow == 0)
         error->one(FLERR,"Invalid data file section: Angle Coeffs");
       if (force->angle == NULL)
         error->one(FLERR,"Must define angle_style before Angle Coeffs");
       skip_lines(atom->nangletypes);
     } else if (strcmp(keyword,"Dihedral Coeffs") == 0) {
       skip_lines(atom->ndihedraltypes);
       if (atom->avec->dihedrals_allow == 0)
         error->one(FLERR,"Invalid data file section: Dihedral Coeffs");
       if (force->dihedral == NULL)
         error->one(FLERR,"Must define dihedral_style before Dihedral Coeffs");
     }  else if (strcmp(keyword,"Improper Coeffs") == 0) {
       if (atom->avec->impropers_allow == 0)
         error->one(FLERR,"Invalid data file section: Improper Coeffs");
       if (force->improper == NULL)
         error->one(FLERR,"Must define improper_style before Improper Coeffs");
       skip_lines(atom->nimpropertypes);
 
     } else if (strcmp(keyword,"BondBond Coeffs") == 0) {
       if (atom->avec->angles_allow == 0)
         error->one(FLERR,"Invalid data file section: BondBond Coeffs");
       if (force->angle == NULL)
         error->one(FLERR,"Must define angle_style before BondBond Coeffs");
       skip_lines(atom->nangletypes);
     } else if (strcmp(keyword,"BondAngle Coeffs") == 0) {
       if (atom->avec->angles_allow == 0)
         error->one(FLERR,"Invalid data file section: BondAngle Coeffs");
       if (force->angle == NULL)
         error->one(FLERR,"Must define angle_style before BondAngle Coeffs");
       skip_lines(atom->nangletypes);
     } else if (strcmp(keyword,"MiddleBondTorsion Coeffs") == 0) {
       if (atom->avec->dihedrals_allow == 0)
         error->one(FLERR,"Invalid data file section: MiddleBondTorsion Coeffs");
       if (force->dihedral == NULL)
         error->one(FLERR,
                    "Must define dihedral_style before "
                    "MiddleBondTorsion Coeffs");
       skip_lines(atom->ndihedraltypes);
     } else if (strcmp(keyword,"EndBondTorsion Coeffs") == 0) {
       if (atom->avec->dihedrals_allow == 0)
         error->one(FLERR,"Invalid data file section: EndBondTorsion Coeffs");
       if (force->dihedral == NULL)
         error->one(FLERR,
                    "Must define dihedral_style before EndBondTorsion Coeffs");
       skip_lines(atom->ndihedraltypes);
     } else if (strcmp(keyword,"AngleTorsion Coeffs") == 0) {
       if (atom->avec->dihedrals_allow == 0)
         error->one(FLERR,"Invalid data file section: AngleTorsion Coeffs");
       if (force->dihedral == NULL)
         error->one(FLERR,
                    "Must define dihedral_style before AngleTorsion Coeffs");
       skip_lines(atom->ndihedraltypes);
     } else if (strcmp(keyword,"AngleAngleTorsion Coeffs") == 0) {
       if (atom->avec->dihedrals_allow == 0)
         error->one(FLERR,"Invalid data file section: AngleAngleTorsion Coeffs");
       if (force->dihedral == NULL)
         error->one(FLERR,
                    "Must define dihedral_style before "
                    "AngleAngleTorsion Coeffs");
       skip_lines(atom->ndihedraltypes);
     } else if (strcmp(keyword,"BondBond13 Coeffs") == 0) {
       if (atom->avec->dihedrals_allow == 0)
         error->one(FLERR,"Invalid data file section: BondBond13 Coeffs");
       if (force->dihedral == NULL)
         error->one(FLERR,"Must define dihedral_style before BondBond13 Coeffs");
       skip_lines(atom->ndihedraltypes);
     } else if (strcmp(keyword,"AngleAngle Coeffs") == 0) {
       if (atom->avec->impropers_allow == 0)
         error->one(FLERR,"Invalid data file section: AngleAngle Coeffs");
       if (force->improper == NULL)
         error->one(FLERR,"Must define improper_style before AngleAngle Coeffs");
       skip_lines(atom->nimpropertypes);
 
     } else if (strcmp(keyword,"Bonds") == 0) {
       for (i = 1; i < cmax; i++) count[i] = 0;
       if (force->newton_bond)
         for (i = 0; i < atom->nbonds; i++) {
           eof = fgets(line,MAXLINE,fp);
           if (eof == NULL) error->one(FLERR,"Unexpected end of data file");
           sscanf(line,"%d %d %d %d",&tmp1,&tmp2,&atom1,&atom2);
           if (atom1 >= cmax) cmax = reallocate(&count,cmax,atom1);
           count[atom1]++;
         }
       else
         for (i = 0; i < atom->nbonds; i++) {
           eof = fgets(line,MAXLINE,fp);
           if (eof == NULL) error->one(FLERR,"Unexpected end of data file");
           sscanf(line,"%d %d %d %d",&tmp1,&tmp2,&atom1,&atom2);
           int amax = MAX(atom1,atom2);
           if (amax >= cmax) cmax = reallocate(&count,cmax,amax);
           count[atom1]++;
           count[atom2]++;
         }
       for (i = 1; i < cmax; i++) bond_per_atom = MAX(bond_per_atom,count[i]);
       if (screen) fprintf(screen,"  %d = max bonds/atom\n",bond_per_atom);
       if (logfile) fprintf(logfile,"  %d = max bonds/atom\n",bond_per_atom);
 
     } else if (strcmp(keyword,"Angles") == 0) {
       for (i = 1; i < cmax; i++) count[i] = 0;
       if (force->newton_bond)
         for (i = 0; i < atom->nangles; i++) {
           eof = fgets(line,MAXLINE,fp);
           if (eof == NULL) error->one(FLERR,"Unexpected end of data file");
           sscanf(line,"%d %d %d %d %d",&tmp1,&tmp2,&atom1,&atom2,&atom3);
           if (atom2 >= cmax) cmax = reallocate(&count,cmax,atom2);
           count[atom2]++;
         }
       else
         for (i = 0; i < atom->nangles; i++) {
           eof = fgets(line,MAXLINE,fp);
           if (eof == NULL) error->one(FLERR,"Unexpected end of data file");
           sscanf(line,"%d %d %d %d %d",&tmp1,&tmp2,&atom1,&atom2,&atom3);
           int amax = MAX(atom1,atom2);
           amax = MAX(amax,atom3);
           if (amax >= cmax) cmax = reallocate(&count,cmax,amax);
           count[atom1]++;
           count[atom2]++;
           count[atom3]++;
         }
       for (i = 1; i < cmax; i++) angle_per_atom = MAX(angle_per_atom,count[i]);
       if (screen) fprintf(screen,"  %d = max angles/atom\n",angle_per_atom);
       if (logfile) fprintf(logfile,"  %d = max angles/atom\n",angle_per_atom);
 
     } else if (strcmp(keyword,"Dihedrals") == 0) {
       for (i = 1; i < cmax; i++) count[i] = 0;
       if (force->newton_bond)
         for (i = 0; i < atom->ndihedrals; i++) {
           eof = fgets(line,MAXLINE,fp);
           if (eof == NULL) error->one(FLERR,"Unexpected end of data file");
           sscanf(line,"%d %d %d %d %d %d",
                  &tmp1,&tmp2,&atom1,&atom2,&atom3,&atom4);
           if (atom2 >= cmax) cmax = reallocate(&count,cmax,atom2);
           count[atom2]++;
         }
       else
         for (i = 0; i < atom->ndihedrals; i++) {
           eof = fgets(line,MAXLINE,fp);
           if (eof == NULL) error->one(FLERR,"Unexpected end of data file");
           sscanf(line,"%d %d %d %d %d %d",
                  &tmp1,&tmp2,&atom1,&atom2,&atom3,&atom4);
           int amax = MAX(atom1,atom2);
           amax = MAX(amax,atom3);
           amax = MAX(amax,atom4);
           if (amax >= cmax) cmax = reallocate(&count,cmax,amax);
           count[atom1]++;
           count[atom2]++;
           count[atom3]++;
           count[atom4]++;
         }
       for (i = 1; i < cmax; i++)
         dihedral_per_atom = MAX(dihedral_per_atom,count[i]);
       if (screen)
         fprintf(screen,"  %d = max dihedrals/atom\n",dihedral_per_atom);
       if (logfile)
         fprintf(logfile,"  %d = max dihedrals/atom\n",dihedral_per_atom);
 
     } else if (strcmp(keyword,"Impropers") == 0) {
       for (i = 1; i < cmax; i++) count[i] = 0;
       if (force->newton_bond)
         for (i = 0; i < atom->nimpropers; i++) {
           eof = fgets(line,MAXLINE,fp);
           if (eof == NULL) error->one(FLERR,"Unexpected end of data file");
           sscanf(line,"%d %d %d %d %d %d",
                  &tmp1,&tmp2,&atom1,&atom2,&atom3,&atom4);
           if (atom2 >= cmax) cmax = reallocate(&count,cmax,atom2);
           count[atom2]++;
         }
       else
         for (i = 0; i < atom->nimpropers; i++) {
           eof = fgets(line,MAXLINE,fp);
           if (eof == NULL) error->one(FLERR,"Unexpected end of data file");
           sscanf(line,"%d %d %d %d %d %d",
                  &tmp1,&tmp2,&atom1,&atom2,&atom3,&atom4);
           int amax = MAX(atom1,atom2);
           amax = MAX(amax,atom3);
           amax = MAX(amax,atom4);
           if (amax >= cmax) cmax = reallocate(&count,cmax,amax);
           count[atom1]++;
           count[atom2]++;
           count[atom3]++;
           count[atom4]++;
         }
       for (i = 1; i < cmax; i++)
         improper_per_atom = MAX(improper_per_atom,count[i]);
       if (screen)
         fprintf(screen,"  %d = max impropers/atom\n",improper_per_atom);
       if (logfile)
         fprintf(logfile,"  %d = max impropers/atom\n",improper_per_atom);
 
     } else {
       char str[128];
       sprintf(str,"Unknown identifier in data file: %s",keyword);
       error->one(FLERR,str);
     }
 
     parse_keyword(0,0);
   }
 
   // free topology counting vector
 
   memory->destroy(count);
 
   // error check that topology was specified in file
 
   if ((atom->nbonds && !bond_per_atom) ||
       (atom->nangles && !angle_per_atom) ||
       (atom->ndihedrals && !dihedral_per_atom) ||
       (atom->nimpropers && !improper_per_atom))
     error->one(FLERR,"Needed topology not in data file");
 
   // customize for new sections
   // error check that Bonus sections were speficied in file
 
   if (nellipsoids && !ellipsoid_flag)
     error->one(FLERR,"Needed bonus data not in data file");
   if (nlines && !line_flag)
     error->one(FLERR,"Needed bonus data not in data file");
   if (ntris && !tri_flag)
     error->one(FLERR,"Needed bonus data not in data file");
   if (nbodies && !body_flag)
     error->one(FLERR,"Needed bonus data not in data file");
 }
 
 /* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
    reallocate the count vector from cmax to amax+1 and return new length
    zero new locations
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
 
 int ReadData::reallocate(int **pcount, int cmax, int amax)
 {
   int *count = *pcount;
   memory->grow(count,amax+1,"read_data:count");
   for (int i = cmax; i <= amax; i++) count[i] = 0;
   *pcount = count;
   return amax+1;
 }
 
 /* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
    proc 0 opens data file
    test if gzipped
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
 
 void ReadData::open(char *file)
 {
   compressed = 0;
   char *suffix = file + strlen(file) - 3;
   if (suffix > file && strcmp(suffix,".gz") == 0) compressed = 1;
   if (!compressed) fp = fopen(file,"r");
   else {
 #ifdef LAMMPS_GZIP
     char gunzip[128];
     sprintf(gunzip,"gunzip -c %s",file);
     fp = popen(gunzip,"r");
 #else
     error->one(FLERR,"Cannot open gzipped file");
 #endif
   }
 
   if (fp == NULL) {
     char str[128];
     sprintf(str,"Cannot open file %s",file);
     error->one(FLERR,str);
   }
 }
 
 /* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
    grab next keyword
    read lines until one is non-blank
    keyword is all text on line w/out leading & trailing white space
    read one additional line (assumed blank)
    if any read hits EOF, set keyword to empty
    if first = 1, line variable holds non-blank line that ended header
    if flag = 0, only proc 0 is calling so no bcast
    else flag = 1, bcast keyword line to all procs
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
 
 void ReadData::parse_keyword(int first, int flag)
 {
   int eof = 0;
 
   // proc 0 reads upto non-blank line plus 1 following line
   // eof is set to 1 if any read hits end-of-file
 
   if (me == 0) {
     if (!first) {
       if (fgets(line,MAXLINE,fp) == NULL) eof = 1;
     }
     while (eof == 0 && strspn(line," \t\n\r") == strlen(line)) {
       if (fgets(line,MAXLINE,fp) == NULL) eof = 1;
     }
     if (fgets(buffer,MAXLINE,fp) == NULL) eof = 1;
   }
 
   // if eof, set keyword empty and return
 
   if (flag) MPI_Bcast(&eof,1,MPI_INT,0,world);
   if (eof) {
     keyword[0] = '\0';
     return;
   }
 
   // bcast keyword line to all procs
 
   if (flag) {
     int n;
     if (me == 0) n = strlen(line) + 1;
     MPI_Bcast(&n,1,MPI_INT,0,world);
     MPI_Bcast(line,n,MPI_CHAR,0,world);
   }
 
   // copy non-whitespace portion of line into keyword
 
   int start = strspn(line," \t\n\r");
   int stop = strlen(line) - 1;
   while (line[stop] == ' ' || line[stop] == '\t'
          || line[stop] == '\n' || line[stop] == '\r') stop--;
   line[stop+1] = '\0';
   strcpy(keyword,&line[start]);
 }
 
 /* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
    proc 0 reads N lines from file
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
 
 void ReadData::skip_lines(int n)
 {
   char *eof;
   for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) eof = fgets(line,MAXLINE,fp);
   if (eof == NULL) error->one(FLERR,"Unexpected end of data file");
 }
 
 /* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
    parse a line of coeffs into words, storing them in narg,arg
    trim anything from '#' onward
    word strings remain in line, are not copied
    if addstr != NULL, add addstr as extra arg for class2 angle/dihedral/improper
      if 2nd word starts with letter, then is hybrid style, add addstr after it
      else add addstr before 2nd word
    if dupflag, duplicate 1st word, so pair_coeff "2" becomes "2 2"
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
 
 void ReadData::parse_coeffs(char *line, const char *addstr, int dupflag)
 {
   char *ptr;
   if (ptr = strchr(line,'#')) *ptr = '\0';
 
   narg = 0;
   char *word = strtok(line," \t\n\r\f");
   while (word) {
     if (narg == maxarg) {
       maxarg += DELTA;
       arg = (char **)
         memory->srealloc(arg,maxarg*sizeof(char *),"read_data:arg");
     }
     if (addstr && narg == 1 && !islower(word[0])) arg[narg++] = (char *) addstr;
     arg[narg++] = word;
     if (addstr && narg == 2 && islower(word[0])) arg[narg++] = (char *) addstr;
     if (dupflag && narg == 1) arg[narg++] = word;
     word = strtok(NULL," \t\n\r\f");
   }
 }