<p>where F_i and F_j are applied on atoms i and j, respectively.</p>
<p>The following coefficients must be defined for each angle type via the
<aclass="reference internal"href="angle_coeff.html"><spanclass="doc">angle_coeff</span></a> command as in the example above, or in
the data file or restart files read by the <aclass="reference internal"href="read_data.html"><spanclass="doc">read_data</span></a>
or <aclass="reference internal"href="read_restart.html"><spanclass="doc">read_restart</span></a> commands:</p>
<ulclass="simple">
<li>K (energy)</li>
<li>gamma0 (degrees)</li>
</ul>
<hrclass="docutils"/>
<p>Styles with a <em>gpu</em>, <em>intel</em>, <em>kk</em>, <em>omp</em>, or <em>opt</em> suffix are
functionally the same as the corresponding style without the suffix.
They have been optimized to run faster, depending on your available
hardware, as discussed in <aclass="reference internal"href="Section_accelerate.html"><spanclass="doc">Section_accelerate</span></a>
of the manual. The accelerated styles take the same arguments and
should produce the same results, except for round-off and precision
issues.</p>
<p>These accelerated styles are part of the GPU, USER-INTEL, KOKKOS,
USER-OMP and OPT packages, respectively. They are only enabled if
LAMMPS was built with those packages. See the <aclass="reference internal"href="Section_start.html#start-3"><spanclass="std std-ref">Making LAMMPS</span></a> section for more info.</p>
<p>You can specify the accelerated styles explicitly in your input script
by including their suffix, or you can use the <aclass="reference internal"href="Section_start.html#start-6"><spanclass="std std-ref">-suffix command-line switch</span></a> when you invoke LAMMPS, or you can
use the <aclass="reference internal"href="suffix.html"><spanclass="doc">suffix</span></a> command in your input script.</p>
<p>See <aclass="reference internal"href="Section_accelerate.html"><spanclass="doc">Section_accelerate</span></a> of the manual for
more instructions on how to use the accelerated styles effectively.</p>
</div>
<divclass="section"id="restrictions">
<h2>Restrictions</h2>
<p>This angle style can only be used if LAMMPS was built with the
USER-MISC package. See the <aclass="reference internal"href="Section_start.html#start-2-3"><spanclass="std std-ref">Making LAMMPS</span></a>
section for more info on packages.</p>
<divclass="admonition note">
<pclass="first admonition-title">Note</p>
<pclass="last">In the “Angles” section of the data file, the atom ID ‘j’
corresponding to the dipole to restrain must come before the atom ID
of the reference atom ‘i’. A third atom ID ‘k’ must also be provided,
although ‘k’ is just a ‘dummy’ atom which can be any atom; it may be
useful to choose a convention (e.g., ‘k’=’i’) and adhere to it. For
example, if ID=1 for the dipolar atom to restrain, and ID=2 for the
reference atom, the corresponding line in the “Angles” section of the
data file would read: X X 1 2 2</p>
</div>
<p>The “newton” command for intramolecular interactions must be “on”
(which is the default).</p>
<p>This angle style should not be used with SHAKE.</p>
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