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libphutil/src/future/http/HTTPSFuture.php
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HTTPSFuture.php
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<?php
/**
* Very basic HTTPS future.
*/
final class HTTPSFuture extends BaseHTTPFuture {
private static $multi;
private static $results = array();
private static $pool = array();
private static $globalCABundle;
private $handle;
private $profilerCallID;
private $cabundle;
private $followLocation = true;
private $responseBuffer = '';
private $responseBufferPos;
private $files = array();
private $temporaryFiles = array();
private $rawBody;
private $rawBodyPos = 0;
private $fileHandle;
/**
* Create a temp file containing an SSL cert, and use it for this session.
*
* This allows us to do host-specific SSL certificates in whatever client
* is using libphutil. e.g. in Arcanist, you could add an "ssl_cert" key
* to a specific host in ~/.arcrc and use that.
*
* cURL needs this to be a file, it doesn't seem to be able to handle a string
* which contains the cert. So we make a temporary file and store it there.
*
* @param string The multi-line, possibly lengthy, SSL certificate to use.
* @return this
*/
public function setCABundleFromString($certificate) {
$temp = new TempFile();
Filesystem::writeFile($temp, $certificate);
$this->cabundle = $temp;
return $this;
}
/**
* Set the SSL certificate to use for this session, given a path.
*
* @param string The path to a valid SSL certificate for this session
* @return this
*/
public function setCABundleFromPath($path) {
$this->cabundle = $path;
return $this;
}
/**
* Get the path to the SSL certificate for this session.
*
* @return string|null
*/
public function getCABundle() {
return $this->cabundle;
}
/**
* Set whether Location headers in the response will be respected.
* The default is true.
*
* @param boolean true to follow any Location header present in the response,
* false to return the request directly
* @return this
*/
public function setFollowLocation($follow) {
$this->followLocation = $follow;
return $this;
}
/**
* Get whether Location headers in the response will be respected.
*
* @return boolean
*/
public function getFollowLocation() {
return $this->followLocation;
}
/**
* Set the fallback CA certificate if one is not specified
* for the session, given a path.
*
* @param string The path to a valid SSL certificate
* @return void
*/
public static function setGlobalCABundleFromPath($path) {
self::$globalCABundle = $path;
}
/**
* Set the fallback CA certificate if one is not specified
* for the session, given a string.
*
* @param string The certificate
* @return void
*/
public static function setGlobalCABundleFromString($certificate) {
$temp = new TempFile();
Filesystem::writeFile($temp, $certificate);
self::$globalCABundle = $temp;
}
/**
* Get the fallback global CA certificate
*
* @return string
*/
public static function getGlobalCABundle() {
return self::$globalCABundle;
}
/**
* Load contents of remote URI. Behaves pretty much like
* `@file_get_contents($uri)` but doesn't require `allow_url_fopen`.
*
* @param string
* @param float
* @return string|false
*/
public static function loadContent($uri, $timeout = null) {
$future = new HTTPSFuture($uri);
if ($timeout !== null) {
$future->setTimeout($timeout);
}
try {
list($body) = $future->resolvex();
return $body;
} catch (HTTPFutureResponseStatus $ex) {
return false;
}
}
/**
* Attach a file to the request.
*
* @param string HTTP parameter name.
* @param string File content.
* @param string File name.
* @param string File mime type.
* @return this
*/
public function attachFileData($key, $data, $name, $mime_type) {
if (isset($this->files[$key])) {
throw new Exception(
pht(
'%s currently supports only one file attachment for each '.
'parameter name. You are trying to attach two different files with '.
'the same parameter, "%s".',
__CLASS__,
$key));
}
$this->files[$key] = array(
'data' => $data,
'name' => $name,
'mime' => $mime_type,
);
return $this;
}
public function isReady() {
if (isset($this->result)) {
return true;
}
$uri = $this->getURI();
$domain = id(new PhutilURI($uri))->getDomain();
if (!$this->handle) {
$uri_object = new PhutilURI($uri);
$proxy = PhutilHTTPEngineExtension::buildHTTPProxyURI($uri_object);
$profiler = PhutilServiceProfiler::getInstance();
$this->profilerCallID = $profiler->beginServiceCall(
array(
'type' => 'http',
'uri' => $uri,
'proxy' => (string)$proxy,
));
if (!self::$multi) {
self::$multi = curl_multi_init();
if (!self::$multi) {
throw new Exception(pht('%s failed!', 'curl_multi_init()'));
}
}
if (!empty(self::$pool[$domain])) {
$curl = array_pop(self::$pool[$domain]);
} else {
$curl = curl_init();
if (!$curl) {
throw new Exception(pht('%s failed!', 'curl_init()'));
}
}
$this->handle = $curl;
curl_multi_add_handle(self::$multi, $curl);
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_URL, $uri);
if (defined('CURLOPT_PROTOCOLS')) {
// cURL supports a lot of protocols, and by default it will honor
// redirects across protocols (for instance, from HTTP to POP3). Beyond
// being very silly, this also has security implications:
//
// http://blog.volema.com/curl-rce.html
//
// Disable all protocols other than HTTP and HTTPS.
$allowed_protocols = CURLPROTO_HTTPS | CURLPROTO_HTTP;
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_PROTOCOLS, $allowed_protocols);
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_REDIR_PROTOCOLS, $allowed_protocols);
}
if (strlen($this->rawBody)) {
if ($this->getData()) {
throw new Exception(
pht(
'You can not execute an HTTP future with both a raw request '.
'body and structured request data.'));
}
// We aren't actually going to use this file handle, since we are
// just pushing data through the callback, but cURL gets upset if
// we don't hand it a real file handle.
$tmp = new TempFile();
$this->fileHandle = fopen($tmp, 'r');
// NOTE: We must set CURLOPT_PUT here to make cURL use CURLOPT_INFILE.
// We'll possibly overwrite the method later on, unless this is really
// a PUT request.
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_PUT, true);
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_INFILE, $this->fileHandle);
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_INFILESIZE, strlen($this->rawBody));
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_READFUNCTION,
array($this, 'willWriteBody'));
} else {
$data = $this->formatRequestDataForCURL();
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $data);
}
$headers = $this->getHeaders();
$saw_expect = false;
for ($ii = 0; $ii < count($headers); $ii++) {
list($name, $value) = $headers[$ii];
$headers[$ii] = $name.': '.$value;
if (!strncasecmp($name, 'Expect', strlen('Expect'))) {
$saw_expect = true;
}
}
if (!$saw_expect) {
// cURL sends an "Expect" header by default for certain requests. While
// there is some reasoning behind this, it causes a practical problem
// in that lighttpd servers reject these requests with a 417. Both sides
// are locked in an eternal struggle (lighttpd has introduced a
// 'server.reject-expect-100-with-417' option to deal with this case).
//
// The ostensibly correct way to suppress this behavior on the cURL side
// is to add an empty "Expect:" header. If we haven't seen some other
// explicit "Expect:" header, do so.
//
// See here, for example, although this issue is fairly widespread:
// http://curl.haxx.se/mail/archive-2009-07/0008.html
$headers[] = 'Expect:';
}
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, $headers);
// Set the requested HTTP method, e.g. GET / POST / PUT.
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST, $this->getMethod());
// Make sure we get the headers and data back.
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_HEADER, true);
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION,
array($this, 'didReceiveDataCallback'));
if ($this->followLocation) {
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION, true);
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_MAXREDIRS, 20);
}
if (defined('CURLOPT_TIMEOUT_MS')) {
// If CURLOPT_TIMEOUT_MS is available, use the higher-precision timeout.
$timeout = max(1, ceil(1000 * $this->getTimeout()));
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_TIMEOUT_MS, $timeout);
} else {
// Otherwise, fall back to the lower-precision timeout.
$timeout = max(1, ceil($this->getTimeout()));
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_TIMEOUT, $timeout);
}
// We're going to try to set CAINFO below. This doesn't work at all on
// OSX around Yosemite (see T5913). On these systems, we'll use the
// system CA and then try to tell the user that their settings were
// ignored and how to fix things if we encounter a CA-related error.
// Assume we have custom CA settings to start with; we'll clear this
// flag if we read the default CA info below.
// Try some decent fallbacks here:
// - First, check if a bundle is set explicitly for this request, via
// `setCABundle()` or similar.
// - Then, check if a global bundle is set explicitly for all requests,
// via `setGlobalCABundle()` or similar.
// - Then, if a local custom.pem exists, use that, because it probably
// means that the user wants to override everything (also because the
// user might not have access to change the box's php.ini to add
// curl.cainfo).
// - Otherwise, try using curl.cainfo. If it's set explicitly, it's
// probably reasonable to try using it before we fall back to what
// libphutil ships with.
// - Lastly, try the default that libphutil ships with. If it doesn't
// work, give up and yell at the user.
if (!$this->getCABundle()) {
$caroot = dirname(phutil_get_library_root('phutil')).'/resources/ssl/';
$ini_val = ini_get('curl.cainfo');
if (self::getGlobalCABundle()) {
$this->setCABundleFromPath(self::getGlobalCABundle());
} else if (Filesystem::pathExists($caroot.'custom.pem')) {
$this->setCABundleFromPath($caroot.'custom.pem');
} else if ($ini_val) {
// TODO: We can probably do a pathExists() here, even.
$this->setCABundleFromPath($ini_val);
} else {
$this->setCABundleFromPath($caroot.'default.pem');
}
}
if ($this->canSetCAInfo()) {
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_CAINFO, $this->getCABundle());
}
$verify_peer = 1;
$verify_host = 2;
$extensions = PhutilHTTPEngineExtension::getAllExtensions();
foreach ($extensions as $extension) {
if ($extension->shouldTrustAnySSLAuthorityForURI($uri_object)) {
$verify_peer = 0;
}
if ($extension->shouldTrustAnySSLHostnameForURI($uri_object)) {
$verify_host = 0;
}
}
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, $verify_peer);
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, $verify_host);
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_SSLVERSION, 0);
if ($proxy) {
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_PROXY, (string)$proxy);
}
} else {
$curl = $this->handle;
if (!self::$results) {
// NOTE: In curl_multi_select(), PHP calls curl_multi_fdset() but does
// not check the return value of &maxfd for -1 until recent versions
// of PHP (5.4.8 and newer). cURL may return -1 as maxfd in some unusual
// situations; if it does, PHP enters select() with nfds=0, which blocks
// until the timeout is reached.
//
// We could try to guess whether this will happen or not by examining
// the version identifier, but we can also just sleep for only a short
// period of time.
curl_multi_select(self::$multi, 0.01);
}
}
do {
$active = null;
$result = curl_multi_exec(self::$multi, $active);
} while ($result == CURLM_CALL_MULTI_PERFORM);
while ($info = curl_multi_info_read(self::$multi)) {
if ($info['msg'] == CURLMSG_DONE) {
self::$results[(int)$info['handle']] = $info;
}
}
if (!array_key_exists((int)$curl, self::$results)) {
return false;
}
// The request is complete, so release any temporary files we wrote
// earlier.
$this->temporaryFiles = array();
$info = self::$results[(int)$curl];
$result = $this->responseBuffer;
$err_code = $info['result'];
if ($err_code) {
if (($err_code == CURLE_SSL_CACERT) && !$this->canSetCAInfo()) {
$status = new HTTPFutureCertificateResponseStatus(
HTTPFutureCertificateResponseStatus::ERROR_IMMUTABLE_CERTIFICATES,
$uri);
} else {
$status = new HTTPFutureCURLResponseStatus($err_code, $uri);
}
$body = null;
$headers = array();
$this->result = array($status, $body, $headers);
} else {
// cURL returns headers of all redirects, we strip all but the final one.
$redirects = curl_getinfo($curl, CURLINFO_REDIRECT_COUNT);
$result = preg_replace('/^(.*\r\n\r\n){'.$redirects.'}/sU', '', $result);
$this->result = $this->parseRawHTTPResponse($result);
}
curl_multi_remove_handle(self::$multi, $curl);
unset(self::$results[(int)$curl]);
// NOTE: We want to use keepalive if possible. Return the handle to a
// pool for the domain; don't close it.
if ($this->shouldReuseHandles()) {
self::$pool[$domain][] = $curl;
}
$profiler = PhutilServiceProfiler::getInstance();
$profiler->endServiceCall($this->profilerCallID, array());
return true;
}
/**
* Callback invoked by cURL as it reads HTTP data from the response. We save
* the data to a buffer.
*/
public function didReceiveDataCallback($handle, $data) {
$this->responseBuffer .= $data;
return strlen($data);
}
/**
* Read data from the response buffer.
*
* NOTE: Like @{class:ExecFuture}, this method advances a read cursor but
* does not discard the data. The data will still be buffered, and it will
* all be returned when the future resolves. To discard the data after
* reading it, call @{method:discardBuffers}.
*
* @return string Response data, if available.
*/
public function read() {
$result = substr($this->responseBuffer, $this->responseBufferPos);
$this->responseBufferPos = strlen($this->responseBuffer);
return $result;
}
/**
* Discard any buffered data. Normally, you call this after reading the
* data with @{method:read}.
*
* @return this
*/
public function discardBuffers() {
$this->responseBuffer = '';
$this->responseBufferPos = 0;
return $this;
}
/**
* Produces a value safe to pass to `CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS`.
*
* @return wild Some value, suitable for use in `CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS`.
*/
private function formatRequestDataForCURL() {
// We're generating a value to hand to cURL as CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS. The way
// cURL handles this value has some tricky caveats.
// First, we can return either an array or a query string. If we return
// an array, we get a "multipart/form-data" request. If we return a
// query string, we get an "application/x-www-form-urlencoded" request.
// Second, if we return an array we can't duplicate keys. The user might
// want to send the same parameter multiple times.
// Third, if we return an array and any of the values start with "@",
// cURL includes arbitrary files off disk and sends them to an untrusted
// remote server. For example, an array like:
//
// array('name' => '@/usr/local/secret')
//
// ...will attempt to read that file off disk and transmit its contents with
// the request. This behavior is pretty surprising, and it can easily
// become a relatively severe security vulnerability which allows an
// attacker to read any file the HTTP process has access to. Since this
// feature is very dangerous and not particularly useful, we prevent its
// use. Broadly, this means we must reject some requests because they
// contain an "@" in an inconvenient place.
// Generally, to avoid the "@" case and because most servers usually
// expect "application/x-www-form-urlencoded" data, we try to return a
// string unless there are files attached to this request.
$data = $this->getData();
$files = $this->files;
$any_data = ($data || (is_string($data) && strlen($data)));
$any_files = (bool)$this->files;
if (!$any_data && !$any_files) {
// No files or data, so just bail.
return null;
}
if (!$any_files) {
// If we don't have any files, just encode the data as a query string,
// make sure it's not including any files, and we're good to go.
if (is_array($data)) {
$data = http_build_query($data, '', '&');
}
$this->checkForDangerousCURLMagic($data, $is_query_string = true);
return $data;
}
// If we've made it this far, we have some files, so we need to return
// an array. First, convert the other data into an array if it isn't one
// already.
if (is_string($data)) {
// NOTE: We explicitly don't want fancy array parsing here, so just
// do a basic parse and then convert it into a dictionary ourselves.
$parser = new PhutilQueryStringParser();
$pairs = $parser->parseQueryStringToPairList($data);
$map = array();
foreach ($pairs as $pair) {
list($key, $value) = $pair;
if (array_key_exists($key, $map)) {
throw new Exception(
pht(
'Request specifies two values for key "%s", but parameter '.
'names must be unique if you are posting file data due to '.
'limitations with cURL.',
$key));
}
$map[$key] = $value;
}
$data = $map;
}
foreach ($data as $key => $value) {
$this->checkForDangerousCURLMagic($value, $is_query_string = false);
}
foreach ($this->files as $name => $info) {
if (array_key_exists($name, $data)) {
throw new Exception(
pht(
'Request specifies a file with key "%s", but that key is also '.
'defined by normal request data. Due to limitations with cURL, '.
'requests that post file data must use unique keys.',
$name));
}
$tmp = new TempFile($info['name']);
Filesystem::writeFile($tmp, $info['data']);
$this->temporaryFiles[] = $tmp;
// In 5.5.0 and later, we can use CURLFile. Prior to that, we have to
// use this "@" stuff.
if (class_exists('CURLFile', false)) {
$file_value = new CURLFile((string)$tmp, $info['mime'], $info['name']);
} else {
$file_value = '@'.(string)$tmp;
}
$data[$name] = $file_value;
}
return $data;
}
/**
* Detect strings which will cause cURL to do horrible, insecure things.
*
* @param string Possibly dangerous string.
* @param bool True if this string is being used as part of a query string.
* @return void
*/
private function checkForDangerousCURLMagic($string, $is_query_string) {
if (empty($string[0]) || ($string[0] != '@')) {
// This isn't an "@..." string, so it's fine.
return;
}
if ($is_query_string) {
if (version_compare(phpversion(), '5.2.0', '<')) {
throw new Exception(
pht(
'Attempting to make an HTTP request, but query string data begins '.
'with "%s". Prior to PHP 5.2.0 this reads files off disk, which '.
'creates a wide attack window for security vulnerabilities. '.
'Upgrade PHP or avoid making cURL requests which begin with "%s".',
'@',
'@'));
}
// This is safe if we're on PHP 5.2.0 or newer.
return;
}
throw new Exception(
pht(
'Attempting to make an HTTP request which includes file data, but the '.
'value of a query parameter begins with "%s". PHP interprets these '.
'values to mean that it should read arbitrary files off disk and '.
'transmit them to remote servers. Declining to make this request.',
'@'));
}
/**
* Determine whether CURLOPT_CAINFO is usable on this system.
*/
private function canSetCAInfo() {
// We cannot set CAInfo on OSX after Yosemite.
$osx_version = PhutilExecutionEnvironment::getOSXVersion();
if ($osx_version) {
if (version_compare($osx_version, 14, '>=')) {
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
/**
* Write a raw HTTP body into the request.
*
* You must write the entire body before starting the request.
*
* @param string Raw body.
* @return this
*/
public function write($raw_body) {
$this->rawBody = $raw_body;
return $this;
}
/**
* Callback to pass data to cURL.
*/
public function willWriteBody($handle, $infile, $len) {
$bytes = substr($this->rawBody, $this->rawBodyPos, $len);
$this->rawBodyPos += $len;
return $bytes;
}
private function shouldReuseHandles() {
$curl_version = curl_version();
$version = idx($curl_version, 'version');
// NOTE: cURL 7.43.0 has a bug where the POST body length is not recomputed
// properly when a handle is reused. For this version of cURL, disable
// handle reuse and accept a small performance penalty. See T8654.
if ($version == '7.43.0') {
return false;
}
return true;
}
}
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