cxxopts.hpp
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cxxopts.hpp
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	/*

	Copyright (c) 2014, 2015, 2016 Jarryd Beck

	Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
	of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
	in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
	to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
	copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
	furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:

	The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
	all copies or substantial portions of the Software.

	THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
	IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
	FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
	AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
	LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
	OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
	THE SOFTWARE.

	*/

	#ifndef CXX_OPTS_HPP
	#define CXX_OPTS_HPP

	#if defined(__GNUC__)
	#pragma GCC diagnostic push
	#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wnon-virtual-dtor"
	#endif

	#include <cstring>
	#include <exception>
	#include <iostream>
	#include <map>
	#include <memory>
	#include <regex>
	#include <sstream>
	#include <string>
	#include <unordered_set>
	#include <vector>

	//when we ask cxxopts to use Unicode, help strings are processed using ICU,
	//which results in the correct lengths being computed for strings when they
	//are formatted for the help output
	//it is necessary to make sure that <unicode/unistr.h> can be found by the
	//compiler, and that icu-uc is linked in to the binary.

	#ifdef CXXOPTS_USE_UNICODE
	#include <unicode/unistr.h>

	namespace cxxopts
	{
	typedef icu::UnicodeString String;

	inline
	String
	toLocalString(std::string s)
	{
	return icu::UnicodeString::fromUTF8(s);
	}

	class UnicodeStringIterator : public
	std::iterator<std::forward_iterator_tag, int32_t>
	{
	public:

	UnicodeStringIterator(const icu::UnicodeString* s, int32_t pos)
	: s(s)
	, i(pos)
	{
	}

	value_type
	operator*() const
	{
	return s->char32At(i);
	}

	bool
	operator==(const UnicodeStringIterator& rhs) const
	{
	return s == rhs.s && i == rhs.i;
	}

	bool
	operator!=(const UnicodeStringIterator& rhs) const
	{
	return !(*this == rhs);
	}

	UnicodeStringIterator&
	operator++()
	{
	++i;
	return *this;
	}

	UnicodeStringIterator
	operator+(int32_t v)
	{
	return UnicodeStringIterator(s, i + v);
	}

	private:
	const icu::UnicodeString* s;
	int32_t i;
	};

	inline
	String&
	stringAppend(String&s, String a)
	{
	return s.append(std::move(a));
	}

	inline
	String&
	stringAppend(String& s, int n, UChar32 c)
	{
	for (int i = 0; i != n; ++i)
	{
	s.append(c);
	}

	return s;
	}

	template <typename Iterator>
	String&
	stringAppend(String& s, Iterator begin, Iterator end)
	{
	while (begin != end)
	{
	s.append(*begin);
	++begin;
	}

	return s;
	}

	inline
	size_t
	stringLength(const String& s)
	{
	return s.length();
	}

	inline
	std::string
	toUTF8String(const String& s)
	{
	std::string result;
	s.toUTF8String(result);

	return result;
	}

	inline
	bool
	empty(const String& s)
	{
	return s.isEmpty();
	}
	}

	namespace std
	{
	cxxopts::UnicodeStringIterator
	begin(const icu::UnicodeString& s)
	{
	return cxxopts::UnicodeStringIterator(&s, 0);
	}

	cxxopts::UnicodeStringIterator
	end(const icu::UnicodeString& s)
	{
	return cxxopts::UnicodeStringIterator(&s, s.length());
	}
	}

	//ifdef CXXOPTS_USE_UNICODE
	#else

	namespace cxxopts
	{
	typedef std::string String;

	template <typename T>
	T
	toLocalString(T&& t)
	{
	return t;
	}

	inline
	size_t
	stringLength(const String& s)
	{
	return s.length();
	}

	inline
	String&
	stringAppend(String&s, String a)
	{
	return s.append(std::move(a));
	}

	inline
	String&
	stringAppend(String& s, size_t n, char c)
	{
	return s.append(n, c);
	}

	template <typename Iterator>
	String&
	stringAppend(String& s, Iterator begin, Iterator end)
	{
	return s.append(begin, end);
	}

	template <typename T>
	std::string
	toUTF8String(T&& t)
	{
	return std::forward<T>(t);
	}

	inline
	bool
	empty(const std::string& s)
	{
	return s.empty();
	}
	}

	//ifdef CXXOPTS_USE_UNICODE
	#endif

	namespace cxxopts
	{
	class Value : public std::enable_shared_from_this<Value>
	{
	public:

	virtual void
	parse(const std::string& text) const = 0;

	virtual void
	parse() const = 0;

	virtual bool
	has_arg() const = 0;

	virtual bool
	has_default() const = 0;

	virtual bool
	is_container() const = 0;

	virtual bool
	has_implicit() const = 0;

	virtual std::string
	get_default_value() const = 0;

	virtual std::string
	get_implicit_value() const = 0;

	virtual std::shared_ptr<Value>
	default_value(const std::string& value) = 0;

	virtual std::shared_ptr<Value>
	implicit_value(const std::string& value) = 0;
	};

	class OptionException : public std::exception
	{
	public:
	OptionException(const std::string& message)
	: m_message(message)
	{
	}

	virtual const char*
	what() const noexcept
	{
	return m_message.c_str();
	}

	private:
	std::string m_message;
	};

	class OptionSpecException : public OptionException
	{
	public:

	OptionSpecException(const std::string& message)
	: OptionException(message)
	{
	}
	};

	class OptionParseException : public OptionException
	{
	public:
	OptionParseException(const std::string& message)
	: OptionException(message)
	{
	}
	};

	class option_exists_error : public OptionSpecException
	{
	public:
	option_exists_error(const std::string& option)
	: OptionSpecException(u8"Option ‘" + option + u8"’ already exists")
	{
	}
	};

	class invalid_option_format_error : public OptionSpecException
	{
	public:
	invalid_option_format_error(const std::string& format)
	: OptionSpecException(u8"Invalid option format ‘" + format + u8"’")
	{
	}
	};

	class option_not_exists_exception : public OptionParseException
	{
	public:
	option_not_exists_exception(const std::string& option)
	: OptionParseException(u8"Option ‘" + option + u8"’ does not exist")
	{
	}
	};

	class missing_argument_exception : public OptionParseException
	{
	public:
	missing_argument_exception(const std::string& option)
	: OptionParseException(u8"Option ‘" + option + u8"’ is missing an argument")
	{
	}
	};

	class option_requires_argument_exception : public OptionParseException
	{
	public:
	option_requires_argument_exception(const std::string& option)
	: OptionParseException(u8"Option ‘" + option + u8"’ requires an argument")
	{
	}
	};

	class option_not_has_argument_exception : public OptionParseException
	{
	public:
	option_not_has_argument_exception
	(
	const std::string& option,
	const std::string& arg
	)
	: OptionParseException(
	u8"Option ‘" + option + u8"’ does not take an argument, but argument‘"
	+ arg + "’ given")
	{
	}
	};

	class option_not_present_exception : public OptionParseException
	{
	public:
	option_not_present_exception(const std::string& option)
	: OptionParseException(u8"Option ‘" + option + u8"’ not present")
	{
	}
	};

	class argument_incorrect_type : public OptionParseException
	{
	public:
	argument_incorrect_type
	(
	const std::string& arg
	)
	: OptionParseException(
	u8"Argument ‘" + arg + u8"’ failed to parse"
	)
	{
	}
	};

	namespace values
	{
	template <typename T>
	void
	parse_value(const std::string& text, T& value)
	{
	std::istringstream is(text);
	if (!(is >> value))
	{
	throw argument_incorrect_type(text);
	}

	if (is.rdbuf()->in_avail() != 0)
	{
	throw argument_incorrect_type(text);
	}
	}

	inline
	void
	parse_value(const std::string& /text/, bool& value)
	{
	//TODO recognise on, off, yes, no, enable, disable
	//so that we can write --long=yes explicitly
	value = true;
	}

	inline
	void
	parse_value(const std::string& text, std::string& value)
	{
	value = text;
	}

	template <typename T>
	void
	parse_value(const std::string& text, std::vector<T>& value)
	{
	T v;
	parse_value(text, v);
	value.push_back(v);
	}

	template <typename T>
	struct value_has_arg
	{
	static constexpr bool value = true;
	};

	template <>
	struct value_has_arg<bool>
	{
	static constexpr bool value = false;
	};

	template <typename T>
	struct type_is_container
	{
	static constexpr bool value = false;
	};

	template <typename T>
	struct type_is_container<std::vector<T>>
	{
	static constexpr bool value = true;
	};

	template <typename T>
	class standard_value : public Value
	{
	public:
	standard_value()
	: m_result(std::make_shared<T>())
	, m_store(m_result.get())
	{
	}

	standard_value(T* t)
	: m_store(t)
	{
	}

	standard_value(const standard_value & ) = delete;

	standard_value & operator=(const standard_value & ) = delete;

	void
	parse(const std::string& text) const
	{
	if (m_implicit && text.empty())
	{
	parse_value(m_implicit_value, *m_store);
	}
	else
	{
	parse_value(text, *m_store);
	}
	}

	bool
	is_container() const
	{
	return type_is_container<T>::value;
	}

	void
	parse() const
	{
	parse_value(m_default_value, *m_store);
	}

	bool
	has_arg() const
	{
	return value_has_arg<T>::value;
	}

	bool
	has_default() const
	{
	return m_default;
	}

	bool
	has_implicit() const
	{
	return m_implicit;
	}

	virtual std::shared_ptr<Value>
	default_value(const std::string& value){
	m_default = true;
	m_default_value = value;
	return shared_from_this();
	}

	virtual std::shared_ptr<Value>
	implicit_value(const std::string& value){
	m_implicit = true;
	m_implicit_value = value;
	return shared_from_this();
	}

	std::string
	get_default_value() const
	{
	return m_default_value;
	}

	std::string
	get_implicit_value() const
	{
	return m_implicit_value;
	}

	const T&
	get() const
	{
	if (m_store == nullptr)
	{
	return *m_result;
	}
	else
	{
	return *m_store;
	}
	}

	protected:
	std::shared_ptr<T> m_result;
	T* m_store;
	bool m_default{false};
	std::string m_default_value{};
	bool m_implicit = false;
	std::string m_implicit_value{};
	};
	}

	template <typename T>
	std::shared_ptr<Value>
	value()
	{
	return std::make_shared<values::standard_value<T>>();
	}

	template <typename T>
	std::shared_ptr<Value>
	value(T& t)
	{
	return std::make_shared<values::standard_value<T>>(&t);
	}

	class OptionAdder;

	class OptionDetails
	{
	public:
	OptionDetails
	(
	const String& description,
	std::shared_ptr<const Value> value
	)
	: m_desc(description)
	, m_value(value)
	, m_count(0)
	{
	}

	const String&
	description() const
	{
	return m_desc;
	}

	bool
	has_arg() const
	{
	return m_value->has_arg();
	}

	void
	parse(const std::string& text)
	{
	m_value->parse(text);
	++m_count;
	}

	void
	parse_default()
	{
	m_value->parse();
	}

	int
	count() const
	{
	return m_count;
	}

	const Value& value() const {
	return *m_value;
	}

	template <typename T>
	const T&
	as() const
	{
	#ifdef CXXOPTS_NO_RTTI
	return static_cast<const values::standard_value<T>&>(*m_value).get();
	#else
	return dynamic_cast<const values::standard_value<T>&>(*m_value).get();
	#endif
	}

	private:
	String m_desc;
	std::shared_ptr<const Value> m_value;
	int m_count;
	};

	struct HelpOptionDetails
	{
	std::string s;
	std::string l;
	String desc;
	bool has_arg;
	bool has_default;
	std::string default_value;
	bool has_implicit;
	std::string implicit_value;
	std::string arg_help;
	bool is_container;
	};

	struct HelpGroupDetails
	{
	std::string name{};
	std::string description{};
	std::vector<HelpOptionDetails> options{};
	};

	class Options
	{
	public:

	Options(std::string program, std::string help_string = "")
	: m_program(std::move(program))
	, m_help_string(toLocalString(std::move(help_string)))
	, m_next_positional(m_positional.end())
	{
	}

	inline
	void
	parse(int& argc, char**& argv);

	inline
	OptionAdder
	add_options(std::string group = "");

	inline
	void
	add_option
	(
	const std::string& group,
	const std::string& s,
	const std::string& l,
	std::string desc,
	std::shared_ptr<const Value> value,
	std::string arg_help
	);

	int
	count(const std::string& o) const
	{
	auto iter = m_options.find(o);
	if (iter == m_options.end())
	{
	return 0;
	}

	return iter->second->count();
	}

	const OptionDetails&
	operator[](const std::string& option) const
	{
	auto iter = m_options.find(option);

	if (iter == m_options.end())
	{
	throw option_not_present_exception(option);
	}

	return *iter->second;
	}

	//parse positional arguments into the given option
	inline
	void
	parse_positional(std::string option);

	inline
	void
	parse_positional(std::vector<std::string> options);

	inline
	std::string
	help(const std::vector<std::string>& groups = {""}) const;

	inline
	const std::vector<std::string>
	groups() const;

	inline
	const HelpGroupDetails&
	group_help(const std::string& group) const;

	private:

	inline
	void
	add_one_option
	(
	const std::string& option,
	std::shared_ptr<OptionDetails> details
	);

	inline
	bool
	consume_positional(std::string a);

	inline
	void
	add_to_option(const std::string& option, const std::string& arg);

	inline
	void
	parse_option
	(
	std::shared_ptr<OptionDetails> value,
	const std::string& name,
	const std::string& arg = ""
	);

	inline
	void
	checked_parse_arg
	(
	int argc,
	char* argv[],
	int& current,
	std::shared_ptr<OptionDetails> value,
	const std::string& name
	);

	inline
	String
	help_one_group(const std::string& group) const;

	std::string m_program;
	String m_help_string;

	std::map<std::string, std::shared_ptr<OptionDetails>> m_options{};
	std::vector<std::string> m_positional{};
	std::vector<std::string>::iterator m_next_positional{};
	std::unordered_set<std::string> m_positional_set{};

	//mapping from groups to help options
	std::map<std::string, HelpGroupDetails> m_help{};
	};

	class OptionAdder
	{
	public:

	OptionAdder(Options& options, std::string group)
	: m_options(options), m_group(std::move(group))
	{
	}

	inline
	OptionAdder&
	operator()
	(
	const std::string& opts,
	const std::string& desc,
	std::shared_ptr<const Value> value
	= ::cxxopts::value<bool>(),
	std::string arg_help = ""
	);

	private:
	Options& m_options;
	std::string m_group;
	};

	}

	namespace cxxopts
	{

	namespace
	{

	constexpr int OPTION_LONGEST = 30;
	constexpr int OPTION_DESC_GAP = 2;

	std::basic_regex<char> option_matcher
	("--([[:alnum:]][-_[:alnum:]]+)(=(.*))?\|-([[:alnum:]]+)");

	std::basic_regex<char> option_specifier
	("(([[:alnum:]]),)?([[:alnum:]][-_[:alnum:]]+)");

	String
	format_option
	(
	const HelpOptionDetails& o
	)
	{
	auto& s = o.s;
	auto& l = o.l;

	String result = " ";

	if (s.size() > 0)
	{
	result += "-" + toLocalString(s) + ",";
	}
	else
	{
	result += " ";
	}

	if (l.size() > 0)
	{
	result += " --" + toLocalString(l);
	}

	if (o.has_arg)
	{
	auto arg = o.arg_help.size() > 0 ? toLocalString(o.arg_help) : "arg";

	if (o.has_implicit)
	{
	result += " [=" + arg + "(=" + toLocalString(o.implicit_value) + ")]";
	}
	else
	{
	result += " " + arg;
	}
	}

	return result;
	}

	String
	format_description
	(
	const HelpOptionDetails& o,
	size_t start,
	size_t width
	)
	{
	auto desc = o.desc;

	if (o.has_default)
	{
	desc += toLocalString(" (default: " + o.default_value + ")");
	}

	String result;

	auto current = std::begin(desc);
	auto startLine = current;
	auto lastSpace = current;

	auto size = size_t{};

	while (current != std::end(desc))
	{
	if (*current == ' ')
	{
	lastSpace = current;
	}

	if (size > width)
	{
	if (lastSpace == startLine)
	{
	stringAppend(result, startLine, current + 1);
	stringAppend(result, "\n");
	stringAppend(result, start, ' ');
	startLine = current + 1;
	lastSpace = startLine;
	}
	else
	{
	stringAppend(result, startLine, lastSpace);
	stringAppend(result, "\n");
	stringAppend(result, start, ' ');
	startLine = lastSpace + 1;
	}
	size = 0;
	}
	else
	{
	++size;
	}

	++current;
	}

	//append whatever is left
	stringAppend(result, startLine, current);

	return result;
	}
	}

	OptionAdder
	Options::add_options(std::string group)
	{
	return OptionAdder(*this, std::move(group));
	}

	OptionAdder&
	OptionAdder::operator()
	(
	const std::string& opts,
	const std::string& desc,
	std::shared_ptr<const Value> value,
	std::string arg_help
	)
	{
	std::match_results<const char*> result;
	std::regex_match(opts.c_str(), result, option_specifier);

	if (result.empty())
	{
	throw invalid_option_format_error(opts);
	}

	const auto& s = result[2];
	const auto& l = result[3];

	m_options.add_option(m_group, s.str(), l.str(), desc, value,
	std::move(arg_help));

	return *this;
	}

	void
	Options::parse_option
	(
	std::shared_ptr<OptionDetails> value,
	const std::string& /name/,
	const std::string& arg
	)
	{
	value->parse(arg);
	}

	void
	Options::checked_parse_arg
	(
	int argc,
	char* argv[],
	int& current,
	std::shared_ptr<OptionDetails> value,
	const std::string& name
	)
	{
	if (current + 1 >= argc)
	{
	if (value->value().has_implicit())
	{
	parse_option(value, name, "");
	}
	else
	{
	throw missing_argument_exception(name);
	}
	}
	else
	{
	if (argv[current + 1][0] == '-' && value->value().has_implicit())
	{
	parse_option(value, name, "");
	}
	else
	{
	parse_option(value, name, argv[current + 1]);
	++current;
	}
	}
	}

	void
	Options::add_to_option(const std::string& option, const std::string& arg)
	{
	auto iter = m_options.find(option);

	if (iter == m_options.end())
	{
	throw option_not_exists_exception(option);
	}

	parse_option(iter->second, option, arg);
	}

	bool
	Options::consume_positional(std::string a)
	{
	while (m_next_positional != m_positional.end())
	{
	auto iter = m_options.find(*m_next_positional);
	if (iter != m_options.end())
	{
	if (!iter->second->value().is_container())
	{
	if (iter->second->count() == 0)
	{
	add_to_option(*m_next_positional, a);
	++m_next_positional;
	return true;
	}
	else
	{
	++m_next_positional;
	continue;
	}
	}
	else
	{
	add_to_option(*m_next_positional, a);
	return true;
	}
	}
	++m_next_positional;
	}

	return false;
	}

	void
	Options::parse_positional(std::string option)
	{
	parse_positional(std::vector<std::string>{option});
	}

	void
	Options::parse_positional(std::vector<std::string> options)
	{
	m_positional = std::move(options);
	m_next_positional = m_positional.begin();

	m_positional_set.insert(m_positional.begin(), m_positional.end());
	}

	void
	Options::parse(int& argc, char**& argv)
	{
	int current = 1;

	int nextKeep = 1;

	bool consume_remaining = false;

	while (current != argc)
	{
	if (strcmp(argv[current], "--") == 0)
	{
	consume_remaining = true;
	++current;
	break;
	}

	std::match_results<const char*> result;
	std::regex_match(argv[current], result, option_matcher);

	if (result.empty())
	{
	//not a flag

	//if true is returned here then it was consumed, otherwise it is
	//ignored
	if (consume_positional(argv[current]))
	{
	}
	else
	{
	argv[nextKeep] = argv[current];
	++nextKeep;
	}
	//if we return from here then it was parsed successfully, so continue
	}
	else
	{
	//short or long option?
	if (result[4].length() != 0)
	{
	const std::string& s = result[4];

	for (std::size_t i = 0; i != s.size(); ++i)
	{
	std::string name(1, s[i]);
	auto iter = m_options.find(name);

	if (iter == m_options.end())
	{
	throw option_not_exists_exception(name);
	}

	auto value = iter->second;

	//if no argument then just add it
	if (!value->has_arg())
	{
	parse_option(value, name);
	}
	else
	{
	//it must be the last argument
	if (i + 1 == s.size())
	{
	checked_parse_arg(argc, argv, current, value, name);
	}
	else if (value->value().has_implicit())
	{
	parse_option(value, name, "");
	}
	else
	{
	//error
	throw option_requires_argument_exception(name);
	}
	}
	}
	}
	else if (result[1].length() != 0)
	{
	const std::string& name = result[1];

	auto iter = m_options.find(name);

	if (iter == m_options.end())
	{
	throw option_not_exists_exception(name);
	}

	auto opt = iter->second;

	//equals provided for long option?
	if (result[3].length() != 0)
	{
	//parse the option given

	//but if it doesn't take an argument, this is an error
	if (!opt->has_arg())
	{
	throw option_not_has_argument_exception(name, result[3]);
	}

	parse_option(opt, name, result[3]);
	}
	else
	{
	if (opt->has_arg())
	{
	//parse the next argument
	checked_parse_arg(argc, argv, current, opt, name);
	}
	else
	{
	//parse with empty argument
	parse_option(opt, name);
	}
	}
	}

	}

	++current;
	}

	for (auto& opt : m_options)
	{
	auto& detail = opt.second;
	auto& value = detail->value();

	if(!detail->count() && value.has_default()){
	detail->parse_default();
	}
	}

	if (consume_remaining)
	{
	while (current < argc)
	{
	consume_positional(argv[current]);
	++current;
	}
	}

	argc = nextKeep;

	}

	void
	Options::add_option
	(
	const std::string& group,
	const std::string& s,
	const std::string& l,
	std::string desc,
	std::shared_ptr<const Value> value,
	std::string arg_help
	)
	{
	auto stringDesc = toLocalString(std::move(desc));
	auto option = std::make_shared<OptionDetails>(stringDesc, value);

	if (s.size() > 0)
	{
	add_one_option(s, option);
	}

	if (l.size() > 0)
	{
	add_one_option(l, option);
	}

	//add the help details
	auto& options = m_help[group];

	options.options.emplace_back(HelpOptionDetails{s, l, stringDesc,
	value->has_arg(),
	value->has_default(), value->get_default_value(),
	value->has_implicit(), value->get_implicit_value(),
	std::move(arg_help),
	value->is_container()});
	}

	void
	Options::add_one_option
	(
	const std::string& option,
	std::shared_ptr<OptionDetails> details
	)
	{
	auto in = m_options.emplace(option, details);

	if (!in.second)
	{
	throw option_exists_error(option);
	}
	}

	String
	Options::help_one_group(const std::string& g) const
	{
	typedef std::vector<std::pair<String, String>> OptionHelp;

	auto group = m_help.find(g);
	if (group == m_help.end())
	{
	return "";
	}

	OptionHelp format;

	size_t longest = 0;

	String result;

	if (!g.empty())
	{
	result += toLocalString(" " + g + " options:\n");
	}

	for (const auto& o : group->second.options)
	{
	if (o.is_container && m_positional_set.find(o.l) != m_positional_set.end())
	{
	continue;
	}

	auto s = format_option(o);
	longest = std::max(longest, stringLength(s));
	format.push_back(std::make_pair(s, String()));
	}

	longest = std::min(longest, static_cast<size_t>(OPTION_LONGEST));

	//widest allowed description
	auto allowed = size_t{76} - longest - OPTION_DESC_GAP;

	auto fiter = format.begin();
	for (const auto& o : group->second.options)
	{
	if (o.is_container && m_positional_set.find(o.l) != m_positional_set.end())
	{
	continue;
	}

	auto d = format_description(o, longest + OPTION_DESC_GAP, allowed);

	result += fiter->first;
	if (stringLength(fiter->first) > longest)
	{
	result += '\n';
	result += toLocalString(std::string(longest + OPTION_DESC_GAP, ' '));
	}
	else
	{
	result += toLocalString(std::string(longest + OPTION_DESC_GAP -
	stringLength(fiter->first),
	' '));
	}
	result += d;
	result += '\n';

	++fiter;
	}

	return result;
	}

	std::string
	Options::help(const std::vector<std::string>& groups) const
	{
	String result = m_help_string + "\nUsage:\n " +
	toLocalString(m_program) + " [OPTION...]";

	if (m_positional.size() > 0) {
	result += " positional parameters";
	}

	result += "\n\n";

	for (std::size_t i = 0; i < groups.size(); ++i)
	{
	String const& group_help = help_one_group(groups[i]);
	if (empty(group_help)) continue;
	result += group_help;
	if (i < groups.size() - 1)
	{
	result += '\n';
	}
	}

	return toUTF8String(result);
	}

	const std::vector<std::string>
	Options::groups() const
	{
	std::vector<std::string> g;

	std::transform(
	m_help.begin(),
	m_help.end(),
	std::back_inserter(g),
	[] (const std::map<std::string, HelpGroupDetails>::value_type& pair)
	{
	return pair.first;
	}
	);

	return g;
	}

	const HelpGroupDetails&
	Options::group_help(const std::string& group) const
	{
	return m_help.at(group);
	}

	}

	#if defined(__GNU__)
	#pragma GCC diagnostic pop
	#endif

	#endif //CXX_OPTS_HPP

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