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@title Phabricator Code Layout
@group developer
Guide to Phabricator code layout, including how URI mapping works through
application class and subdirectory organization best practices.
= URI Mapping =
When a user visits a Phabricator URI, the Phabricator infrastructure parses
that URI with a regular expression to determine what controller class to load.
For now, that regular expression is hard-coded inside the
@{class:AphrontDefaultApplicationConfiguration} within the ##getURIMap##
method. Use the existing entries as examples for adding your own entries.
The Phabricator infrastructure knows where a given controller class lives on
disk from a cache file the Arcanist phutil mapper generates. This mapping
should be updated whenever new classes or files are added:
/path/to/arcanist/scripts/phutil_mapper.php /path/to/phabricator/src
Finally, a given controller class will map to an application which will have
most of its code in standardized subdirectories and classes.
= Best Practice Class and Subdirectory Organization =
Suppose you were working on the application ##Derp##.
phabricator/src/applications/derp/
If ##Derp## were as simple as possible, it would have one subdirectory:
phabricator/src/applications/derp/controller/
containing the file ##DerpController.php## with the class
- ##DerpController##: minimally implements a ##processRequest()## method
which returns some @{class:AphrontResponse} object. The class would probably
extend @{class:PhabricatorController}.
plus an auto-generated ##__init__.php## file.
NOTE: ##__init.php__## files are generated and maintained via `arc lint`.
If ##Derp## were (relatively) complex, one could reasonably expect to see
the following directory layout:
phabricator/src/applications/derp/constants/
phabricator/src/applications/derp/controller/
phabricator/src/applications/derp/editor/
phabricator/src/applications/derp/exception/
phabricator/src/applications/derp/query/
phabricator/src/applications/derp/replyhandler/
phabricator/src/applications/derp/storage/
phabricator/src/applications/derp/view/
phabricator/src/applications/conduit/method/derp/
(The following two folders are also likely to be included for javascript and
css respectively. However, static resources are largely outside the scope of
this document. See @{article:Adding New CSS and JS}.)
phabricator/webroot/rsc/js/application/derp/
phabricator/webroot/rsc/css/application/derp/
These directories under ##phabricator/src/applications/derp/## represent
the basic set of class types from which most Phabrictor applications are
assembled. Each would contain a class file and an ##__init__.php## file.
For ##Derp##, these classes could be something like:
- **DerpConstants**: constants used in the ##Derp## application.
- **DerpController**: business logic providing functionality for a given
URI. Typically, controllers load data via Storage or Query classes, then
present the data to the user via one or more View classes.
- **DerpEditor**: business logic for workflows that change one or more
Storage objects. Editor classes are only necessary for particularly
complicated edits and should be used pragmatically verus Storage objects.
- **DerpException**: exceptions used in the ##Derp## application.
- **DerpQuery**: query one or more storage objects for pertinent ##Derp##
application data. @{class:PhabricatorOffsetPagedQuery} is particularly
handy for pagination and works well with @{class:AphrontPagerView}.
- **DerpReplyHandler**: business logic from any configured email interactions
users can have with the ##Derp## application.
- **DerpStorage**: storage objects for the ##Derp## application. Typically
there is a base class which extends @{class:PhabricatorLiskDAO} to configure
application-wide storage settings like the application (thus database) name.
Reading more about the @{class:LiskDAO} is highly recommended.
- **DerpView**: view objects for the ##Derp## application. Typically these
extend @{class:AphrontView}.
- **ConduitAPI_derp_Method**: provides any and all ##Derp## application
functionality that is accessible over Conduit.
However, it is likely that ##Derp## is even more complex, and rather than
containing a class and an ##__init__.php## file, each directory has
subdirectories of its own. A typical example happens around the CRUD of an
object:
phbaricator/src/application/derp/controller/base/
phabricator/src/application/derp/controller/delete/
phabricator/src/application/derp/controller/edit/
phabricator/src/application/derp/controller/list/
phabricator/src/application/derp/controller/view/
Which would then each contain a class and an ##__init__.php## file mapping to
corresponding classes
- **DerpBaseController**: typically extends @{class:PhabricatorController},
implements ##buildStandardPageResponse## with the ##Derp## application name
and other ##Derp##-specific meta-data, and contains any controller-specific
functionality used throughout the ##Derp## application.
- **DerpDeleteController**: typically extends ##DerpBaseController## and
presents a confirmation dialogue to the user about deleting a ##Derp##.
- **DerpEditController**: typically extends ##DerpBaseController## and
presents a form to create and edit ##Derps##. Most likely uses
@{class:AphrontFormView} and various ##AphrontFormXControl## classes such as
@{class:AphrontFormTextControl} to create the form.
- **DerpListController**: typically extends ##DerpBaseController## and displays
a set of one or more ##Derps##. Might use @{class:AphrontTableView} to create
a table of ##Derps##.
- **DerpViewController**: typically extends ##DerpBaseController## and displays
a single ##Derp##.
NOTE: each directory will have a class file with an ##__init__.php## or
subdirectories; never both.
= Next Steps =
- Learn about @{article:Adding New CSS and JS}; or
- learn about the @{class:LiskDAO}; or
- learn how to contribute (see @{article:Contributor Introduction}).
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